骨与关节损伤各论Bone and joint injury 刘建宇 13804609775 Department of Orthopedic trauma 2nd Hospital of Harbin Medical University 主要内容上肢骨、关节损伤 锁骨骨折 fracture of clavicle 肩锁关节脱位 dislocation of acromioclavicular joint 肩关节脱位 dislocation of shoulder joint 肱骨近端骨折 fracture of proximal humerus 肱骨干骨折 fracture of humeral shaft 肱骨髁上骨折 supracondylar fracture of humerus 肘关节脱位 dislocation of elbow joint 前臂双骨折 fracture of radius and ulnar 桡骨远端骨折 Fractures of distal radius 下肢骨、关节损伤 髋关节脱位 dislocation of hip joint 股骨颈骨折 fracture of femoral neck 股骨转子间骨折 intertrochanteric fracture of femur 股骨干骨折 fracture of femoral shaft 髌骨骨折 fracture of patella 膝关节韧带损伤 ligament injury of knee 胫骨平台骨折 fracture of tibial plateau 胫腓骨骨折 fracture of tibia and fibula 踝部骨折 fracture of ankle 专业词汇 Orthopaedics 骨科 Fracture 骨折 Dislocation 脱位 Closed and Open 闭合和开放 Complication 并发症 DVT (deep vein thrombosis) 深静脉血栓 Compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合症 Principle of Treatment治疗原则 Reduction 复位 Fixation 固定 Rehabilitation 康复治疗 Pin, wire, screw, plate 针，钢丝，螺钉，钢板 Goal of fracture treatment Obtain union of the fracture in the most anatomical position, with maximal functional return of the extremity. 获得最接近解剖的愈合，和最大的功能恢复。 “Whenever you are having your anatomy sessions, pay particular attention, because orthopaedics is all anatomy, plus a little bit of common sense.” J. Hughston Anatomy, Anatomy, Anatomy!!! 骨折的治疗原则Principles of fracture treatment 复位Reduction 固定Fixation 康复训练Rehabilitation AO principles of fracture treatment anatomical reduction, especially in joint fractures 解剖复位，特别是关节骨折 stable fixation 稳定的固定 preservation of blood supply 尽力保护血运 active pain-free mobilization of muscles and joints 主动、无痛的肌肉和关节的运动 第一节 锁骨骨折fracture of the clavicle 第二节 肩锁关节脱位 dislocation of acromioclavicular joint classification 第三节 肩关节脱位 dislocation of shoulder joint 畸形malformation 前脱位 后脱位 脱位伴大结节撕脱骨折Dislocation and avulsion fracture 第四节 肱骨近端骨折fracture of proximal humerus Classification: neer 第五节 肱骨干骨折fracture of humeral shaft 解剖anatomy 肱骨干骨折伴桡神经损伤 第六节 肱骨髁上骨折supracondylar fracture of the humerus 解剖anatomy Classification of Mehne and Matta. A, High T. B, Low T. C, Y-type, D, H-type. E, Medial. F, Lateral. (From Jupiter JB, Mehne DK: Orthopedics 15:825, 1992.) classification