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在知识经济时代,人力资源己经成为企业发展的第一资源。激烈的市场 竞争对企业的人力资源管理工作提出了更高要求。激励是人力资源管理的重 要内容,在提高企业绩效和竞争力中有着十分重要的作用。过去数十年间, 众多学者通过对激励问题的探索和研究,形成了内容型激励与过程型激励两 大流派。国有高科技企业是 一种比较独特的企业,在创新竞争中迫切需要吸 引和保留高水平人才。然而,不少国有高科技企业现有的员工激励机制难以 适应激烈的市场竞争需求,人才流失严重,人才流失又限制了国有高科技企 业的发展。国有高科技企业主要分布在涉及国家安全和经济命脉的关键性领 域,在世界新一轮技术革命快速推进的背景下,推动国有高科技企业的健康 发展己经成为国家经济安全的核心工作。提升员工的激励强度己成为国有高 科技企业人力资源管理的核心工作。 本文以我国国有高科技企业D公司为案例研究对象,以赫茨伯格提出 的双因素理论为基础,借鉴双因素理论国内外研究成果,综合运用问卷调查 法、文献研宄法、重点访谈法等多种研宂方法,围绕中国国有高科技企业人 力资源管理中的保健因素和激励因素识别、员工满意度分析,深入研宄了国 有高科技企业的员工激励问题。基于双因素理论和问卷调查分析结果,构建 与工作态度相关因素在激励保健功能上的组合分类模型,并根据双因素理论 “ 中心任务是要增强激励因素的作用 ” 的原则,提出了各因素在国有高科技 企业人力资源管理和员工激励中的重要性排序。重点访谈的结果反映了D 公司员工对现有激励政策涉及因素的实际满意度,文献资料的分析获得了现 1 有激励政策涉及因素的侧重点。将访谈中对各因素实际满意度研究结果代入 因素组合分类模型,可以检验D公司现有激励政策的实践效果。 研宄分析得出D公司现有员工激励措施存“激励工作不够科学,激励 手段单一”、“激励内容不够全面,激励效果欠佳”、“个别激励措施有待完善” 三方面的不足。最后参照“激励”功能的优先顺序逐一提出相应的激励对策。 一方面尽快弥补激励措施的缺失,包括:①多筹并措,提升人际关系水平; ②逐步推进,补足工作条件短板;③鼓足信心,依托创新提升工作安全感; ④深化改革、加强培训,提升管理人员的工作水平与能力;⑤适应变革,改 进公司管理政策;⑥关注并协助解决员工的住房问题。另一方面,围绕D 公司当前薪酬激励效果欠佳的问题,针对关键改进点提出建议,尤其要重点 解决内部公平问题。 关键词:双因素激励理论;国有高科技企业;人力资源管理;员工激励 II ABSTRACT Intheeraofknowledgeeconomy,humanresourcehasbecomethefirst resourceforenterprisedevelopment.Fiercemarketcompetitionhasput forwardhigherrequirementsforhumanresourcemanagementof enterprises.Motivationisanimportantpartofhumanresourcemanagementand playsaveryimportantroleinimprovingenterpriseperformanceand competitiveness.Inthepastdecades,manyscholarshaveformedtwoacademic groupofcontentmotivationandprocessmotivationthroughtheexplorationand researchofmotivation.Thestate-ownedhigh-techenterpriseisakindofunique enterprise,whichurgentlyneedstoattractandretainhigh-leveltalentsinthe innovationcompetition.However,theexistingemployeemotivationmechanism ofmanystate-ownedhigh-techenterprisesisdifficulttoadapttothefierce marketcompetition,andthebraindrainisserious,whichrestrictsthe developmentofstate-ownedhigh-techenterprises.State-ownedhigh-tech enterprisesaremainlydistributedinkeyfieldsrelatedtonationalsecurityand economiclifeline.Underthebackgroundofrapidadvancementofthenewround oftechnologicalrevolutionintheworld,promotingthehealthydevelopmentof state-ownedhigh-techenterpriseshasbecomethecoreworkofnational economicsecurity.Ithasbecomethecoreworkofhumanresourcemanagement instate-ownedhigh-techenterprisestoenhancethemotivationstrengthof employees. in Thisarticletakesourcountrystate-ownedhigh-techenterprisesDcompanyas theobjectofcasestudy,putforwardbyherzbergtwo-factortheoryasa foundation,refertotwo-factortheoryofmotivationathomeandabroadresearch achievements,theintegrateduseofquestionnaireinvestigation,literature research,interviewsandotherresearchmethods,andonChina'sstate-owned high-techenterprisehumanresourcesmanagementinmotivation&hygiene identification,analysisofemployeesatisfaction,furtherstudyofthestate-owned high-techenterpriseemployeesmotivationproblems.Basedonthetwo-factor theoryandquestionnaireanalysis,constructionandrelatedfactorsinmotivating workingattitudeonthehealthcarefunctioncombinationclassificationmodel, andaccordingtothetwo-factortheory"centraltaskistoenhancetheeffectof motivation"principle,putforwardthevariousfactorsinstate-ownedhigh-tech enterprisehumanresourcesmanagementandtheimportanceofemployee motivation.Theresultsoftheintensiveinterviewsreflectedtheactualsatisfaction ofemployeesofcompanyDwiththefactorsinvolvedintheexistingmotivation policies.Theanalysisoftheliteratureobtainedthefocusofthefactorsinvolved intheexistingmotivationpolicies.Bysubstitutingtheresultsoftheresearchon theactualsatisfactionofeachfactorintheinterviewintothefactorcombination classificationmodel,thepracticaleffectoftheexistingmotivationpoliciesof companyDcanbetested. Accordingtotheresearchandanalysis,theexistingemployeemotivation measuresofcompanyDhavethreedeficiencies:"themotivationworkisnot IV scientificenough,thewayofmotivationissingle","themotivationcontentisnot comprehensiveenough,themotivationeffectispoor",and"individual motivationmeasuresneedtobeimproved".FinalIy,accordingtothepriority orderof"motivation"function,thecorrespondingmotivationcounterme