1978 年我国率先在农村实行经济体制改革，伴随着农产品流通机制的改革， 政府进一步鼓励农民多种经营，促进小农业向大农业转变。党的十九大报告首次 提出实施乡村振兴战略，这是推动农业现代化发展的重大行动。自农业企业发展 以来，在党和政府“三农”等相关政策带动下，经营效益日益增加，但是由于起 步晚，较发达国家农业企业而言仍存在许多问题，如融资难、经营成本高、企业 家才能要素稀缺、农产品标准化程度低、产学研模式不成熟等。 放眼国际，具有竞争优势的农业产业往往伴随着明显区域性特征的产业集群 现象，如美国加州葡萄酒产业集群、荷兰花卉和蔬菜产业集群、新西兰奇异果产 业集群等。伴随着我国农业现代化，农业产业集群现象在我国多数农业地区也逐 渐发展成熟，如山东寿光蔬菜产业集群、内蒙古河套向日葵产业集群等。农业产 业集群能够使相关产业空间聚集，有利于营造良好区域生产环境，发挥集聚效应， 促进知识外溢，进而达到“1+1>2”的区域竞争优势。目前学术界对于产业集群的 研究多局限在用波特“钻石模型”或 GEM 模型探究产业集群的区域竞争力层面， 但对产业集群影响微观层面企业的研究相对较少，那么农业产业集群在提升区域 竞争力的同时能否提升集群内农业企业竞争力呢？ 本文运用管理学的相关理论分析工具，基于波特“钻石模型”论证农业产业 集群对提升集群内农业企业竞争力的影响。本文首先选取云南省澄江市的蓝莓产 业集群及集群内 YL 蓝莓公司进行具体分析，通过“钻石模型”分析集群现有的 竞争力，同时分析 YL 蓝莓公司竞争力现存优势及挑战，通过对比分析，发现 YL 蓝莓公司现存的品牌力度弱、经营成本高、技术支撑不足等问题是当下我国农业 企业普遍面临的挑战；其次，在上述集群及公司分析基础上，进一步利用“钻石 模型”，从生产要素、需求条件、相关产业、政府、机会和企业战略等视角探究 澄江市产业集群对 YL 蓝莓公司竞争力方面的影响。通过分析得出 YL 蓝莓公司现 存劣势与挑战恰好可以借助集群竞争优势加以缓解的结论；最后，提出产业集群 视角下 YL 蓝莓公司竞争力提升战略，并进一步提出基于农业产业集群视角下农 业企业竞争力提升的对策建议。 关键词：农业产业集群; 农业企业竞争力; 钻石模型昆明理工大学硕士学位论文 产业集群视角下澄江市 YL 蓝莓公司竞争力提升研究 II Abstract In 1978, China has taken the lead in carrying out economic system reform in rural areas. With the reform of agricultural product circulation mechanism, the government made further encouragement for farmers to diversify their businesses and promote the transformation from peasant agriculture to big agriculture. The strategy for rural revitalization was first put forward in the report by the 19th National Congress of the CPC, which was a main action to promote agricultural modernization. Since development of agricultural enterprises, led by the party and government "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and other relevant policies, the management benefit grew increasingly. Due to develop on starting late, compared with developed country, agricultural enterprises still exist various problems, such as financing difficulties, high operating costs and entrepreneurs to elements of scarce, low degree of standardization of agricultural products, imperfect production mode, etc. Internationally, agricultural industries with competitive advantages are often accompanied by industrial clusters with obvious regional characteristics, such as wine industry cluster in California, flower and vegetable industry cluster in Holland, kiwi fruit industry cluster in New Zealand, etc. With the agricultural modernization, the phenomenon of agricultural industrial clusters has gradually developed and matured in most agricultural areas of China, such as Shandong Shouguang vegetable industry cluster, Inner Mongolia Hetao sunflower industrial cluster, etc. Agricultural industrial cluster can make related industries gather in space, which is conducive to create a good regional production environment, play the agglomeration effect, promote knowledge spillover, and then achieve the regional competitive advantage of "1 + 1 > 2". At present, the research on the impact of industrial clusters on micro level enterprises is relatively little, because the academic research on industrial clusters is mostly limited to explore the regional competitiveness of industrial clusters with Porter's "Diamond Model" or GEM model. Hence, can agricultural industrial clusters enhance the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises in the cluster while enhancing the regional competitiveness?昆明理工大学硕士学位论文 产业集群视角下澄江市 YL 蓝莓公司竞争力提升研究 III Based on Porter's "diamond model", this paper demonstrates the influence of agricultural industrial cluster on enhancing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises in the cluster by using relevant theoretical analysis tools of management. At first, this paper selected the Chengjiang city of Yunnan Province blueberry industry cluster and the cluster YL blueberry company for specific analysis. Through "Diamond Model", this paper analyzes the existing competitiveness of the cluster, the advantages and challenges of YL blueberry company competitiveness. After comparing results, it was found that YL blueberry company are common challenges facing the present our country agricultural enterprises, which existed weak brand strength, high operating costs, and lack of technical support and; Secondly, on the basis of the above cluster and company analysis, the "diamond model" is further used to explore the influence of Chengjiang industrial cluster on the competitiveness of YL Blueberry company from the perspectives of production factors, demand conditions, related industries, government, opportunities and enterprise strategies. From the above perspective, it is concluded that YL Blueberry's existing disadvantages and challenges can be alleviated with the help of cluster competitive advantages. Finally, the paper puts forward the competitiveness promotion strategy of YL blueberry company from the perspective of industrial cluster, and further propose the countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises from the perspective of agricultural industrial cluster. Key words: agricultural industry cluster; agricultural enterprise competitiveness; diamond model昆明理工大学硕士学位论文 产业集群视角下澄江市 YL 蓝莓公司竞争力提升研究 i 目 录 摘要....I Abstract.II 第一章 绪论....................... 1 1.1 研究背景和意义.1 1.1.1 研究背景.1 1.1.2 研究意义.3 1.2 研究方法、技术路线图和创新点..4 1.2.1 研究方法.4 1.2.2 技术路线图............................5 1.2.3 本文创新点及不足之处...... 5 第二章 相关理论及文献综述.........................7 2.1 产业集群的相关理论........................7 2.1.1 产业集群概念........................7 2.1.2 产业集群相关理论...............8 2.2 农业产业集群的研究综述.............10 2.2.1 农业产业集群形成机制....10 2.2.2 农业产业集群的效应.........11 2.3 农业企业竞争力的相关研究综述12 2.3.1 企业竞争力概念.................12 2.3.2 农业企业竞争力的相关研究...........................12 2.4 文献述评............13 第三章 澄江市蓝莓产业集群分析..............15 3.1 我国蓝莓产业简介..........................15 3.2 云南省澄江市蓝莓发展现状.........16 3.2.1 澄江市蓝莓产业概况.........16 3.2.2 澄江市蓝莓产业作为研究对象的原因..........17 3.3 澄江市蓝莓产业集群形成的原因分析.......................17 3.3.1 自然资源禀赋差异——蓝莓产业集群形成的诱因..................17 3.3.2 规模经济——蓝莓产业集群形成的内在机制............................17 3.3.3 外部制度环境——蓝莓产业集群形成的制度因素................... 18昆明理工大学硕士学位论文 产业集群视角下澄江市 YL 蓝莓公司竞争力提升研究 ii 3.4 澄江市蓝莓产业集群的竞争力分析...........................18 3.4.1 要素条件..............................18 3.4.2 需求状况..............................20 3.4.3 相关及支持性产业.............21 3.4.4 企业战略、结构、同业竞争...........................21 3.4.5 机会....... 22 3.4.6 政府角色..............................22 3.5 本章小结............22 第四章 澄江市 YL 蓝莓公司发展现状和分析..........................24 4.1 YL 蓝莓公司发展现状...................24 4.1.1 市场现状..............................24 4.1.2 主营业务收入现状............25 4.1.3 科研团队现状..................... 26 4.2 YL 蓝莓公