I 摘要 近年来，物流产业在我国逐渐被提到一个关乎全局的高度，这充分反映了现 代物流业在我国国民经济中承担起越来越重要的作用。在经济全球化的大背景中， 企业之间的竞争愈演愈烈，不断增强，物流开始真正成为企业十分重视的利润来 源——第三利润源，物流外包越来越多地成为企业为适应最新竞争环境的主动选 择，其积极作用在企业物流外包实践中日益凸显，然而这些作用是否真的能够充 分发挥，很大程度上还是取决于物流供应商自身的综合实力水平。于是选择适合 的物流供应商越来越成为企业经营绩效高低乃至经营成败的关键。评价和选择物 流供应商，可以理解为一种多层次、多维度的非结构化管理决策问题。目前，许 多企业仍更多地依赖于企业主管人员、团队或者高层管理者个人的主观意见、直 觉，以及过去有关的经验和经历进行应对，这种方式在相当程度上具有较大的主 观随意性，其评价结果往往缺乏客观性，从而有效性偏低。因此，追求长期成功 的企业可以考虑将定性判断与定量分析高效有机地进行结合，以实现在物流供应 商评价和选择过程之中的准确性、全面性、客观性、有效性。 本研究以ZL公司物流供应商的管理为研究对象，对其第三方物流供应商的选 择和评价进行了深入的研究。首先，阐明研究背景和意义，概述研究内容、研究 方法及研究思路；其次，构建一种基于PLS-SEM和超效率DEA的混合模型，以 便对物流供应商进行综合评价；再次，针对ZL公司的具体情况，分析和总结了其 物流供应商评估中存在的主要问题，并结合ZL物流管理人员的建议，从资源和能 力两个维度，分析和构建评价指标体系；随后，利用该混合模型，对ZL公司的成 品油、原材料两种不同运输材料类型进行细分的第三方物流供应商评价和分析； 最后，利用基于数值点的分析方法，进一步对ZL公司战略物流供应商选取问题进 行了探讨。本研究可帮助ZL公司进行有效的物流供应商选择及战略物流供应商的 管理，也可以为类似企业的第三方物流供应商评估提供了一个有效的、可操作的 借鉴和参考；同时，PLS-SEM和超效率DEA的混合模型，也在一定程度上丰富和 拓展了关于物流供应商选择相关理论。 关键词：第三方物流，供应商管理，超效率DEA，PLS-SEM ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT Inrecentyears,thelogisticsindustryhasbeengraduallyraisedtoaheightrelated totheoverallsituationinChina,whichfullyreflectsthatthemodernlogisticsindustry playsamoreandmoreimportantroleinournationaleconomy.Inthebackgroundof economicglobalization,thecompetitionamongenterprisesisbecomingmoreandmore fierceandincreasing,andlogisticshasreallybecomethethirdsourceofprofitthat enterprisesattachgreatimportanceto.Logisticsoutsourcinghasincreasinglybecomean activechoiceforenterprisestoadapttothelatestcompetitiveenvironment,andits positiverolehasbecomeincreasinglyprominentinthepracticeofenterpriselogistics outsourcing.However,cantheserolesreallybebroughtintofullplay?Toalargeextent, itstilldependsonthecomprehensivestrengthofthelogisticsserviceproviders themselves.Therefore,theselectionofsuitablelogisticssuppliershasincreasingly becomethekeytothebusinessperformanceandeventhesuccessorfailureofthe enterprise.Theevaluationandselectionoflogisticsserviceproviderscanbeunderstood asamulti-levelandmulti-dimensionalunstructuredmanagementdecision-making problem.Atpresent,manyenterprisesstillrelymoreonthesubjectiveopinionsand intuitionofexecutives,teamsorseniormanagers,aswellaspastrelevantexperience andexperiences.toaconsiderableextent,thiswayissubjectiveandarbitrary,andthe evaluationresultsareoftenlackofobjectivity,sotheeffectivenessislow.Therefore, enterprisespursuinglong-termsuccesscanconsidertheefficientandorganic combinationofqualitativejudgmentandquantitativeanalysis,soastoachieveaccuracy, comprehensiveness,objectivityandeffectivenessintheprocessoflogisticssupplier evaluationandselection. ThisstudytakesthemanagementoflogisticssuppliersofZLCompanyasthe researchobject,andmakesanin-depthstudyontheselectionandevaluationof third-partylogisticssuppliers.Firstofall,itclarifiestheresearchbackgroundand significance,summarizestheresearchcontents,researchmethodsandresearchideas, andthenconstructsahybridmodelbasedonPLS-SEMandsuper-efficientDEAin ordertocomprehensivelyevaluatelogisticssuppliers.Thirdly,accordingtothespecific situationofZLCompany,themainproblemsexistingintheevaluationoflogistics suppliersareanalyzedandsummarized,andcombinedwiththesuggestionsofZL ABSTRACT III logisticsmanagers,theevaluationindexsystemisanalyzedandconstructedfromthe twodimensionsofresourcesandability.Then,byusingthehybridmodel,the evaluationandanalysisofthethird-partylogisticsserviceprovidersofZLcompany’s oilproductsandrawmaterialsaresubdivided.Finally,theselectionofstrategiclogistics serviceprovidersofZLcompanyisfurtherdiscussedbyusingtheanalysismethod basedonnumericalpoints.ThisstudycanhelpZLtoselecteffectivelogisticssuppliers andmanagestrategiclogisticssuppliers,andcanalsoprovideaneffectiveand operationalreferencefortheevaluationofthird-partylogisticssuppliersinsimilar enterprises;atthesametime,thehybridmodelofPLS-SEMandsuper-efficientDEA enrichesandexpandstherelevanttheoriesoflogisticssupplierselectiontosomeextent. Keywords:Third-partylogistics,Suppliermanagement,Super-efficiencyDEAmodel, PLS-SEM. 目录 IV 目录 第一章绪论.....................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景与意义................................................................................................1 1.1.1研究背景.................................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意义.................................................................................................2 1.2研究内容............................................................................................................2 1.3研究方法与研究思路........................................................................................3 1.3.1研究方法.................................................................................................3 1.3.2研究思路.................................................................................................3 第二章文献综述与理论基础.........................................................................................5 2.1文献综述............................................................................................................5 2.1.1第三方物流.............................................................................................5 2.1.2物流供应商评估.....................................................................................7 2.2理论基础..........................................................................................................13 2.2.1PLS-SEM模型.......................................................................................13 2.2.2超效率DEA模型.................................................................................14 2.2.3资源基础理论.......................................................................................16 2.3本章小结..........................................................................................................17 第三章PLS-SEM和超效率DEA的混合模型...........................................................18 3.1主要思路..........................................................................................................18 3.2主要步骤..........................................................................................................18 3.3方法优势..........................................................................................................21 3.4本章小结..........................................................................................................21 第四章ZL公司与其物流供应商评估中存在的主要问题.........................................23 4.1ZL公司概述.....................................................................................................23 4.1.1ZL公司简介..........................................................................................23 4.1.2ZL公司组织架构及业务介绍..............................................................23 4.2ZL公司物流供应商评估中存在的主要问题.................................................24 4.2.1ZL公司的物流需求识别......................................................................24 4.2.2ZL公司的物流作业方式................................................................