知识型员工通过自我管理的方式，可以降低其与组织目标相悖行为的可能性，由 此降低企业经营风险。此外，员工良好的自我管理有助于其制定合理的工作计划，有 效提高工作效率。开展针对知识型员工的自我管理及其激励的研究，一方面有利于帮 助企业掌握他们自我管理的维度构成和作用机制，另一方面可以采取科学有效的方式 帮助知识型员工实现可靠的自我管理，从而提高个人绩效水平。 本文以中铁十四局成洛管廊项目部知识型员工作为研究对象，深入探讨了知识型 员工自我管理问题。在对本文所涉及的相关概念和基础理论进行阐述的基础上，运用 问卷调查法，对当前中铁十四局成洛管廊项目部知识型员工的自我管理现状进行了研 究，深入挖掘了影响该项目部知识型员工自我管理的因素。根据调查结果，从目标管 理、学习管理、沟通管理、时间管理、职业生涯管理等五个方面，针对性地提出了中 铁十四局成洛管廊项目部知识型员工自我管理的优化设计。最后，针对优化设计，从 六个方面提出了一些保障措施，如组织和个人层面、推行弹性工作制、管理者的积极 带动、人力保障、组织保障等。通过本文的研究，为包括中铁十四局成洛管廊项目部 在内的，其他建设工程类企业的知识型员工的自我管理提供了参照和借鉴，有利于我 国建筑企业人力资源管理水平的提升。 关键词：自我管理，知识型员工，自我控制，5A模式，弹性工作制 II Abstract Through the way of self-management, knowledge workers can reduce the possibility of their behavior contrary to the organizational goals, thus reducing the business risk. In addition, good self-management of employees can make reasonable work plan and improve work efficiency effectively. On the one hand, it is helpful to help enterprises master the dimension composition and function mechanism of their self-management. On the other hand, we can take scientific and effective ways to help knowledge workers achieve reliable self- management, so as to improve personal performance. This paper takes the knowledge workers of Chengluo Corridor Project Department of China Railway 14 Bureau as the research object, and deeply discusses the self-management of knowledge workers. On the basis of expounding the related concepts and basic theories involved in this paper, the present situation of self-management of knowledge workers in Chengluo Corridor Project Department of China Railway 14 Bureau is studied by means of questionnaire survey. Deeply excavated the project department knowledge staff influence factor. According to the survey results, from the five aspects of goal management, learning management, communication management, time management, career management and so on, this paper puts forward the optimal design of self-management of knowledge workers in Chengluo management corridor project department of China Railway 14 Bureau. Finally, in view of the optimization design, some safeguard measures are put forward from six aspects, such as organizational and personal level, the implementation of flexible work system, the active drive of managers, human security, organizational security and so on. Through the research of this paper, it provides reference and reference for the self-management of knowledge workers in other construction engineering enterprises, including the project department of Chengluo Corridor of China Railway 14 Bureau, which is beneficial to the improvement of human resource management level of construction enterprises in China. KEYWORDS：Self-management, Knowledge worker, Self-control, 5A mode, Flexible working system III 目 录 摘要 ............................................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................................... II 第一章 绪论 ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景 ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究目的 ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究意义 ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 理论意义 ............................................................................................... 2 1.3.2 现实意义 ............................................................................................... 2 1.4 国内外研究现状 ............................................................................................. 3 1.4.1 国外研究现状 ..................................................................................... 3 1.4.2 国内研究现状 ..................................................................................... 4 1.4.3 国内外研究评述 ................................................................................. 5 1.5 研究内容 ......................................................................................................... 6 1.6 研究方法 ......................................................................................................... 6 （1）文献调查 ............................................................................................... 6 （2）问卷调查 ............................................................................................... 7 （3）数据分析 ............................................................................................... 7 第二章 相关概念及基础理论 ..................................................................................... 8 2.1 相关概念 ......................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1 知识型员工 ......................................................................................... 8 2.1.2 自我管理 ............................................................................................. 9 2.1.3 项目部 ............................................................................................... 10 2.2 基础理论 ....................................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 自我认知理论 ................................................................................... 10 2.2.2 自我领导理论 ................................................................................... 11 2.2.3 自我控制理论 ................................................................................... 12 2.2.4 自我管理理论 ................................................................................... 14 2.3 本章小结 ....................................................................................................... 14 IV 第三章 中铁十四局成洛管廊项目部知识型员工自我管理调查分析 ................... 15 3.1 中铁十四局成洛管廊项目部简介 ............................................................... 15 3.1.1 成洛管廊项目部人员组成 ............................................................... 15 3.1.2 组织机构职责划分 ........................................................................... 15 3.2 中铁十四局成洛管廊项目部知识型员工自我管理问卷调查 ................... 18 3.2.1 调查目的 ........................................................................................... 18 3.2.2 调查设计及理论依据 ....................................................................... 19 3.2.3 调查样本分析 ..................................................................................... 19 3.3 调查信度和效度检验 ................................................................................... 20 3.3.1 调查信度检验 ................................................................................... 20 3.3.2 调查效度检验 ......................................... 21 3.4 调查数据分析 ............................................... 21 3.5 员工自我管理制约因素 ............................................................................... 26 3.5.1 人力资源部门管理因素 ................................................................... 27 3.5.2 企业自身的管理因素 ....................................................................... 27 3.6 本章小结 ..................