I 摘要 随着各类大型赛事活动的举办，全民健身事业的蓬勃发展以及城市发展、社会功能 多样化的需求，全国各地建设了一大批功能齐全、配套设施设备完善的大型体育场馆。 受体制影响，绝大多数的大型体育场馆建设资金均源自各级政府，除了建设成本高，大 体量、巨额的维护成本、场馆闲置、大城市体育场馆过度市场化、场馆综合利用率不高、 运营能力不强等问题日益突显，如何以馆养馆、以场养场，确保国有资产保值增值成了 各级政府以及社会各界关注的焦点问题。近年来党和国家领导人先后就大型体育场馆运 营管理问题做出多次重要批示，国家相关部门及体育总局也多次发文要求积极推进体育 场馆运营体制改革和机制创新。此后，不少公共体育场馆从事业单位自主运营过渡到合 作运营、委托运营、PPP等模式。 2017年5月，为了更好的运营和管理场馆，提升公共体育服务水平，依托优势平台 为舟山市民引进高级别的竞赛和演艺活动，激活当地的体育场馆经济，减少政府财政支 出，实现经济效益和社会效益的双丰收，经过多轮谈判和协商，舟山市体育中心体育场 和体育馆委托浙江黄龙体育舟山有限公司运营管理。这种委托运营管理的方式作为体育 场馆所有权和经营权分离的产物，它实际上就是场馆运营管理公司通过合同获得对接管 体育场馆的经营管理权，通过受托方先进的运营管理理念，高效的运营管理机制和相适 应的运营管理标准，按照合同的约定盘活和开发体育场馆的硬件设施和经营资源，提高 场馆运营管理效益和提供公共体育服务的能力水平。 本文以舟山市体育中心场馆委托运营管理为案例，对该场馆委托运营背景、相关合 同约定、运营管理的内容等进行详细阐述，运用文献资料法、实地考察法、比较分析法、 案例分析法，对委托运营两年多来取得的成效以及目前运营存在的问题等进行分析研 究，结合国内外公共体育场馆委托运营管理经验提出可行性建议。本文案例研究得出： 委托运营后舟山市体育中心场馆总体绩效优于事业单位自主运营；该模式目前看来是切 实可行的，但其可持续发展的后劲仍受体制约束、场地因素、人员因素以及地理位置、 城市发展水平等影响；在实际委托运营过程中，受托方公司应该在良好品牌输出的条件 下，根据运营的效益及时调整和更新相关发展规划，力求获得运营收入上的新突破，政 府部门作为委托方应该把握好政企合作与政企分开的度，合理安排好事业人员的分流， 为受托方提供相应的政策保障，科学解决履约纠纷；对于舟山市现有其他公共体育场馆 可以参照此模式委托给专业的场馆运营公司管理，通过复合运营的方式，将可增值业务 做大做强；对于未来政府投资新建的体育场馆应在规划初期进行场馆规划、设计、建设、 运营一体化操作，避免单纯交钥匙工程。 关键词：舟山市体育中心场馆；公共体育场馆；委托运营管理 Abstract II Abstract With the holding of all kinds of major events, the vigorous development of Fitness-For-All Program, the demand of urban development and the diversification of social functions, a large number of large-scale stadiums with complete functions and complete supporting facilities have been built all over the country. Affected by the current system, the vast majority of large-scale sports venues construction funds come from governments at all levels. In addition to high construction costs, huge maintenance costs, idle venues, excessive marketization of sports venues in big cities, low comprehensive utilization rate, and weak operational capacity, the problems are increasingly prominent. How to increase the value of state-owned assets through the use of stadiums has been the focus of the community. In recent years, Party and state leaders have made many important instructions on the operation and management of large-scale stadiums and gymnasiums, and the relevant departments of the state and the General Administration of Sport have issued related documents to actively promote the reform of the operation system and the innovation of mechanism. Since then, many public stadiums have transited from independent operation by public stadiums to cooperative operation, entrusted operation, PPP and other modes. In May 2017, in order to preferably operate and manage the venues, improve the level of public sports services, Zhoushan Sports Center have introduced various high-level competitions and performance activities for Zhoushan citizens. This program has activated local stadium economy, reduced the financial expenditure of the government, and thus realized the double harvest of economic and social benefits. After multiple rounds of negotiation and consultation, Zhoushan Sports Center entrusted Zhejiang Dragon Sports Zhoushan Co., Ltd. of operation management. Because of the separation of ownership and management right, the way of entrusted operation management is actually that the venue operation management company obtains the management right to take over the stadium through the contract, so as to bring the stadium into the management company. Through the advanced operation management concept, efficient operation management mechanism and unified operation management standard, to a certain extent, the hardware facilities are activated and the software resources are supplemented, and hence the efficiency of operation and management as a whole is improved. Taking the entrusted operation management of Zhoushan Sports Center venues as a case, this paper elaborates on the background of the entrusted operation of the venues, the relevant contract, the content of the operation management, etc. By field investigation, comparative analysis and case analysis, this paper analyzes the external environment of the stadium under the entrusted operation, the entrusted operation based on achievements in the past two years and the problems existing in the current operation. Combined with the successful cases of entrusted operation and management of public sports venues at home and abroad, this paper Abstract III also puts forward feasible countermeasures and suggestions for further development of Zhoushan Sports Center venues. The case study of this paper shows that: the overall performance of Zhoushan Sports Center venues after entrusted operation and management is better than that of the independent operation of public institutions; this model seems to be feasible at present, but its sustainable development is still affected by institutional constraints, venue factors, personnel factors, geographical location, urban development level, etc.; in the actual entrusted operation process, the entrusted company should be in good condition under the condition of brand output, adjust and update relevant development plans in time according to the operation benefits, and strive to obtain new breakthroughs in the operation revenue. As the entrusting party, the government department should grasp the degree of government enterprise cooperation and separation of government enterprise, reasonably arrange the division of public service personnel, provide the corresponding policy guarantee for the entrusted party, and scientifically solve the performance disputes; for other public stadiums in Zhoushan City With reference to this mode, the stadium can be entrusted to a professional venue operation company for management. By means of composite operation, the value-added business will be bigger and stronger. For the new stadium invested by the government in the future, the integrated operation of venue planning, design, construction and operation should be carried out in the early stage of planning to avoid the simple turnkey project. Key Words: Zhoushan Sports Center Venues; Public Stadium; Entrusted Operation and Management 目录 IV 目录 第1章 绪论 ........................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ................................................ 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ................................................. 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ................................................. 1 1.2 国内外相关研究现状 ............................................ 2 1.2.1 国内相关研究现状 ......................................... 2 1.2.2 国外相关研究现状 ......................................... 5 1.2.3 文献评述 ................................................. 6 1.3 研究内容和方法 ................................................ 7 1.3.1 研究的主要内容 ........................................... 7 1.3.2 研究方法 ................................................. 8 第2章 相关概念界定及理论基础 ......................................... 9 2.1 相关概念界定 .........