I 摘要 秦皇岛港是是世界最大的能源输出港，是我国“北煤南运”的枢纽，煤炭业务 是港口的主营业务，担负着南方许多省市的煤炭供应，面对新能源的不断开发，煤 炭能源需求的不断走低及环渤海煤炭港口的同质化发展，港口间竞争将愈发激烈， 如何能提高企业竞争力显得尤为重要。煤炭的物流效率是企业竞争力的关键。本文 以秦皇岛港股份有限公司第二港务分公司（以下简称秦港二公司）为研究对象，寻 求找到提升煤炭物流效率的方法。 首先，文章阐述了我国煤炭运输情况的现状，国内外学者对于港口物流效率的 研究和分析，以及相应的研究内容和研究方法。 其次对港口物流相关理论以及本文用到的离散事件系统仿真理论、Petri网以及 MATLAB仿真理论进行了介绍，作为本文研究的理论依据。 再次对秦港二公司煤炭物流系统进行分析找出影响煤炭物流效率的因素，并提 出对策。并以秦港二公司现场实际作业情况为基础，根据离散事件理论，秦港二公 司生产作业系统的Petri网模型，进一步的了解煤炭物流系统，并建立仿真模型。 最后，针对秦港二公司煤炭物流效率中存在的主要问题，以实际数据为依托， 运用MATLAB仿真软件为平台建立仿真模型，找出影响秦港二公司煤炭物流效率 的关键因素，通过对作业现场影响因素的改变，找出物流效率最佳以及设备利用率 堆场利用率最高的方案，根据仿真结果提出对提升秦港二公司煤炭物流效率的意见 和建议。 关键词：煤炭码头；物流效率；Petri网；MATLAB仿真 燕山大学工商管理硕士学位论文 II Abstract Qinhuangdao Port is the world's largest energy export port and the hub of China's "North-to-South Coal Transportation". Coal business is the main business of the port and is responsible for the coal supply of many provinces and cities in the south. Facing the continuous development of new energy, the continuous decline in coal energy demand and the homogeneous development of coal ports around Bohai Sea, the competition among ports will become more intense. How to improve the competitiveness of enterprises is particularly important. Coal logistics efficiency is the key to enterprise competitiveness. In this paper, Qinhuangdao Port Co., Ltd. No.2 Port Branch (hereinafter referred to as Qin Port No.2 Company) is taken as the research object to find ways to improve the efficiency of coal logistics. First of all, the article expounds the current situation of China's coal transportation, the research and analysis of domestic and foreign scholars on port logistics efficiency, and the corresponding research contents and methods. After that, the relevant theories of port logistics, discrete event system simulation theory, Petri net and MATLAB simulation theory used in this paper are introduced as the theoretical basis for this study. Then the coal logistics system of Qingang No.2 Company is analyzed to find out the factors that affect the efficiency of coal logistics, and countermeasures are put forward. According to discrete event theory, the Petri net model of Qin gang no 2 company's production operation system is based on the actual operation situation of Qin gang no 2 company, further understanding the coal logistics system and establishing a simulation model. Finally, aiming at the main problems existing in the coal logistics efficiency of Qin gang no 2 company, based on the actual data and using MATLAB simulation software as a platform, a simulation model is established to find out the key factors affecting the coal logistics efficiency of Qin gang no 2 company. through the change of the influencing factors on the operation site, the scheme with the best logistics efficiency and the highest Abstract III utilization rate of equipment and storage yard is found out. according to the simulation results, suggestions and suggestions on improving the coal logistics efficiency of Qin gang no 2 company are put forward. Key words: coal terminal; Logistics efficiency; Petri net; MATLAB simulation 燕山大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - IV - 目录 摘要 ...................................................................................................................................... I Abstract .............................................................................................................................. II 第1章绪论 ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 选题背景及研究意义............................................................................................. 1 1.1.1选题背景 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 国外研究现状 ................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 国内研究现状 ................................................................................................... 4 1.2.3国内外研究综述 ................................................................................................ 6 1.3 研究内容与研究方法............................................................................................. 7 1.3.1 研究内容 ........................................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 研究方法 ........................................................................................................... 7 第2章相关理论概述 ......................................................................................................... 8 2.1港口物流系统及物流效率的定义 ......................................................................... 8 2.2煤炭码头物流系统相关理论 ................................................................................. 8 2.2.1煤炭码头的基本设施 ....................................................................................... 8 2.2.2煤炭码头的作业流程及调度 ........................................................................... 8 2.3离散事件系统仿真基本理论 ................................................................................. 9 2.3.1离散事件系统仿真的步骤 ............................................................................. 10 2.3.2离散事件系统的建模方法 ............................................................................. 10 2.3.3 Petri网的详细介绍 ......................................................................................... 11 2.4 MATLAB仿真技术 .............................................................................................. 13 2.4.1 MATLAB仿真软件的组成及特点 ................................................................ 13 2.4.2 MATLAB仿真步骤 ........................................................................................ 13 2.5本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 13 第3章秦港二公司煤炭物流分析 .................................................................................. 14 3.1秦港二公司物流现状 ............................................................................................ 14 3.1.1秦港二公司物流设备介绍 ............................................................................. 14 3.1.2秦港二公司物流流程 ..................................................................................... 14 3.1.3秦港二公司物流效率分析 ............................................................................. 15 3.2物流现场存在的问题 ........................................................................................... 15 目录 - V - 3.2.1物流作业现场人员问题 ................................................................................. 16 3.2.2物流作业现场设备问题 ................................................................................. 21 3.2.3物流作业现场计划问题 ................................................................................. 21 3.3影响煤炭物流效率的因素 ................................................................................... 17 3.4本章小结 ....................