当今社会，随着人们物质生活的逐渐提高与国民经济的快速发展，越来越多消费者 的消费观念也随之改变，水果已成为人们日常生活消费的必需品，人们也开始越来越关 注生鲜水果的“新鲜”与安全性。这也使得鲜果采购模式发生了相应的转变，从最初采 购方直接到市场进货，逐渐发展为供应商供货，而到现在则建立了更加多元化的采购模 式。然而无论在哪种模式中，供应商作用都是首当其冲的。目前国内的水果零售行业竞 争非常激烈，然而就当前我国水果零售连锁企业的实际运营状况来看，管理水平依然相 对不够，特别是供应商管理普遍较为粗放，所以使得整个行业呈现出一种，价格、损耗 和管理成本“三高”的现象。加强供应商管理，构建跨区域供应链，实现低成本、高质 量、柔性生产、快速反应，是解决生鲜水果集中上市和市场稳定供给矛盾的重要手段。 本文以B水果连锁超市为研究对象，运用供应链管理、供应商管理、供应商关系管 理等相关理论与方法，从供应商选择、供应商考核评价、供应商关系维护等维度进行分 析，并重点针对B企业供应商选择流程、评价体系、分类管理以及关系维护等方面存在 的问题展开研究，通过再造B水果连锁超市供应商开发程序，调整供应商评价考核体系， 重塑了数据反馈机制以及关系管理机制，优化改进B水果连锁超市的供应商管理体系。 关键词：供应链；供应商管理；连锁超市；生鲜水果 中原工学院硕士学位论文 I B Research on supplier management optimization of fruit supermarket chain Major:Business Administration Postgraduate:Zhu Wei Qi Supervisor: Liu Yuejun(professor)、Fang Guang Zheng(professor) Abstract In recent years, the national living standard has been continuously improved, the quality of life has been improved, the speed of national economic development has been accelerating, and the concept of mass consumption has gradually changed. Fruit has become a necessity of People's Daily life consumption, and people also begin to pay more and more attention to the "freshness" and safety of fresh fruit. This also makes the fresh fruit procurement mode change accordingly, from the initial purchaser directly to the market, gradually developed for suppliers, and now it has established a more diversified procurement mode. In either case, however, the role of the supplier is first and foremost. Fruit at present domestic retail industry is very competitive, however the current our country fruit retail chain enterprise's actual operation situation, the management level is still relatively insufficient, especially the supplier management is generally more extensive, so that the whole industry presents an, price, loss and management cost of the "three highs" phenomenon. Strengthening supplier management, constructing trans-regional supply chain, realizing low cost, high quality, flexible production and quick response are important means to solve the contradiction between centralized listing of fresh fruits and stable supply in the market. With B fruit supermarket chain as the research object, this paper use of supply chain management, supplier management, supplier relationship management, and other related theories and methods, from the choice of suppliers, supplier evaluation, supplier relationship maintenance dimension is analyzed, and key for B enterprise supplier selection process, evaluation system, classification management and relationship maintenance problems existing in the aspects of study, By reconstructing the supplier development procedure of B fruit supermarket chain, adjusting the supplier evaluation and assessment system, reshaping the data feedback mechanism and relationship management mechanism, optimizing and improving the supplier management system of B fruit supermarket chain. Keywords:The supply chain；Supermarket chains；Supplier management；Fresh fruit； 中原工学院硕士学位论文 II 目 录 摘要 .................................................................... I 目 录 ................................................................... II 1. 绪 论 ................................................................. 1 1.1研究背景及意义 .................................................... 1 1.1.1研究背景 .................................................... 1 1.1.2研究意义 .................................................... 1 1.2国内外研究现状 .................................................... 4 1.2.1国外研究现状 ................................................ 4 1.2.2国内研究现状 ................................................ 5 1.2.3研究述评 .................................................... 6 1.3研究思路与研究方法 ................................................ 7 1.3.1研究思路 .................................................... 7 1.3.2研究方法 .................................................... 7 1.4论文特色与创新 .................................................... 8 2.相关理论基础 ............................................................ 9 2.1供应链管理 ........................................................ 9 2.1.1供应链管理理论 .............................................. 9 2.1.2供应链管理环境下的供应商管理 ............................... 10 2.2供应商管理 ....................................................... 11 2.2.1供应商管理理论 ............................................. 11 2.2.2供应商管理的流程 ........................................... 12 2.3供应商关系管理 ................................................... 14 2.3.1供应商关系管理理论 ......................................... 14 2.3.2供应商分类与选择 ........................................... 14 2.3.3与供应商建立合作关系 ....................................... 14 2.3.4与供应商谈判和采购 ......................................... 15 2.3.5供应商绩效评估 ............................................. 15 2.4供应商分类管理理论 ............................................... 15 3.B水果连锁超市供应商管理现状分析 ....................................... 17 3.1企业概况 ......................................................... 17 3.2供应链体系分析 ................................................... 17 3.3供应商管理现状 ................................................... 19 3.3.1供应商选择 ................................................. 19 中原工学院硕士学位论文 III 3.3.2供应商考核评价 ............................................. 20 3.3.3供应商分类 ................................................. 23 3.3.4供应商关系维护 ............................................. 23 4.B水果连锁超市供应商管理存在的问题和原因分析 ........................... 24 4.1存在问题分析 ..................................................... 24 4.1.2供应商评价体系不完善 ....................................... 25 4.1.3供应商分类管理不科学 ....................................... 25 4.1.4供应商关系维护机制有缺陷 ................................... 26 4.1.5供应商管理平台建设不完善 ................................... 27 4.2原因分析 ......................................................... 27 4.2.1市场越来越大，竞争越来越激烈 ............................... 27 4.2.2质量要求越来越高，技术水平相对落后 ......................... 28 4.2.3完全竞争市场形成，议价能力不足 ............................. 28 5.B水果连锁超市供应商管理优化措施 ....................................... 29 5.1再造供应商选择的流程 ............................................. 29 5.1.1了解市场需求 ............................................... 29 5.1.2全面考察供应商的情况 ....................................... 30 5.1.3评审供应商 ................................................. 30 5.1.4确定合作供应商 ............................................. 31 5.2调整供应商评价关键指标 ........................................... 32 5.2.1供货质量评价指标 ........................................... 33 5.2.2供货服务评价指标 ........................................... 34 5.2.3技术考核评价指标 ........................................... 34 5.2.4价格评价指标 ............................................... 34 5.3重塑供应商关系 ................................................... 38 5.3.1供应商分类管理 ............................................. 38 5.3.2供应商维护机制 ............................................. 39 5.3.3信息控制系统 ............................................... 41 6.研究结论与展望 ...................