摘要 随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，舒适性空调越来越普及，空调 系统的能耗占建筑总能耗的比例也逐渐增大，因此，研究空调系统的节能对 于建筑节能具有重要的意义。空调冷冻水大温差系统作为有特色的节能空调 系统也日益被重视。 本文针对既有建筑空调系统改造成冷冻水大温差系统的可行性进行分 析。选取哈尔滨市某高层办公建筑为研究对象，该建筑空调系统运行良好。 首先分析了采用冷冻水大温差后，冷冻水的进口温度和温差对空调系统的末 端设备风机盘管、表冷器的性能的影响，通过理论计算和计算机模拟相结合 的方法，分析出温差改变后室内最终温度的分布情况，确定对于空调系统末 端设备合适的冷冻水进水温度和温差。然后分析采用冷冻水大温差后冷冻水 出水温度和温差对螺杆式冷水机组的影响，确定在满足制冷量的前提下，冷 水机组可以实现的冷冻水出水温度和温差。最后结合空调系统末端设备、水 泵、冷水机组在大温差下的性能变化、实际空调运行时间和负荷分布的情 况，得出在各种冷冻水出水温度和温差下空调系统的总能耗，确定对于本建 筑合适的冷冻水温差。 冷冻水大温差对于解决既有空调系统中普遍存在设备选型偏大、小温 差、大流量是直接有效的手段，本文可以为既有空调系统节能改造提供一定 的参考。 本课题为“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重大项目“既有建筑设备改造关 键技术研究”（2006BAJ03A05）的一部分内容。 关键词 既有建筑；冷冻水大温差；风机盘管；表冷器；冷水机组 - I -哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位报告 Abstract With the economic development and the improvement of living standards， comfort air conditioning is becoming increasingly popular. The proportion of air-conditioning systems energy consumption in total energy consumption has increased gradually. So，research on energy-saving air-conditioning systems for building energy conservation is of great significance.Chilled water air- conditioning system with large temperature difference as the characteristics of energy-saving air-conditioning systems are also increasingly being attention. This article is feasibility analysis for the existing building air-conditioning changed into large temperature difference，selected a high-rise office building for research in Harbin. the air-conditioning system of this building is operating well. First，analysis of the influence of the import of chilled water temperature and the temperature difference on air-conditioning systems terminal equipment fan coils and surface coolinger after use of large temperature，analysis of the final distribution of the indoor temperature after temperature changed through the oretical calculations and computer simulation. determine the suitable import of chilled water temperature temperature and the temperature difference.Then， analysis of the influence of the import of chilled water temperature and the temperature difference on screw-type water chiller after use of large temperature，determined the screw-type water chiller can be achieved outlet chilled water temperature temperature and temperature diference to meet the cooling capacity under the premise.In the end，combined with air-conditioning system terminal equipment，water pumps，water chiller in the performance of large temperature difference changes，the actual time air-conditioning running and distribution of the load，we get total energy consumption of air-conditioning system in a variety of import chilled water temperature and temperature differernce，identify the suitable large temperature differernce for the builing. Chilled water with large temperature difference is the most direct and effective method to solve selection of equipment too large，low temperature difference，large capacity that widespread existed in the existing building air- conditioning systems.This article can provide certain information for - II -Abstract Transformation of the existing air-conditioning system. This research topic is the component of project of “key technology research on existing buildings facility retrofits” (2006BAJ03A05),which is for the “11th Five-Year Plan” major projects planned support by national scientific and technology. Keywords existing buildings;chilled water with large temperature;fan coils; surface coolinger;screw-type water chiller - III -哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位报告 目 录 摘要 ...................................................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................................................ II 第 1 章 绪论.........................................................................................................1 1.1 课题背景...................................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状及应用 ...........................................................................3 1.3 课题的意义...............................................................................................6 1.4 本课题的主要研究内容 ...........................................................................6 第 2 章 风机盘管采用大温差的适用性..............................................................8 2.1 所选建筑情况介绍 ...................................................................................8 2.2 冷冻水大温差对风机盘管性能的影响..................................................11 2.2.1 风机盘管特性方程 ...........................................................................11 2.2.2 大温差对风机盘管性能影响分析 ....................................................13 2.3 冷冻水大温差对本建筑风机盘管性能的适用性 ..................................19 2.3.1 本建筑风机盘管的使用情况............................................................19 2.3.2 适用性分析 .......................................................................................20 2.4 室内温度分布 .........................................................................................24 2.4.1 Airpak简介 .........................................................................................24 2.4.2 模型的建立 .......................................................................................26 2.4.3 模拟结果 ...........................................................................................26 2.5 本章小结.................................................................................................29 第 3 章 空调机组采用大温差的适用性............................................................30 3.1 大温差对表冷器热工性能的影响分析..................................................30 3.1.1 表冷器性能方程的建立 ...................................................................30 3.1.2 大温差对表冷器性能的影响分析 ....................................................34 3.2 大温差对本建筑空调机组的适用性......................................................40 3.2.1 本建筑空调机组的使用情况............................................................40 3.2.2 适用性分析 .......................................................................................40 3.3 室内温度分布 .........................................................................................44 3.3.1 模型的建立 .......................................................................................44 3.3.2 模拟结果 ...........................................................................................45 -I V-目录 3.4 本章小结.................................................................................................47 第 4 章 冷水机组及水泵采用大温差的适用性................................................49 4.1 螺杆机组各部分工作特性 ......................................................................50 4.1.1 冷凝器的工作特性 ...........................................................................50 4.1.2 蒸发器的工作特性 ...........................................................................51 4.1.3 压缩机的工作特性 ...........................................................................52 4.2 大温差对冷水机组的影响 ......................................................................52 4.2.1 冷冻水大温差对制冷机的影响 ........................................................52 4.2.2 冷却水大温差对制冷机的影响 ......