I 摘要 自高考制度实施以来，重智育轻体育之风盛行，近年来虽有所缓和，但一考定终身 的观念依旧深入人心，体育让道高考科目现象仍有存在。当前国内就体育要不要纳入高 考这一问题引发众多争议，众多专家学者也给出了不同的观点，分析了利弊，本文在这 一时代背景下，主要采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、无结构式访谈法、数理统计法等方 法，以闽南地区（厦、漳、泉）为例，经系统随机抽样，随机抽取厦漳泉 6 所高中学校 高三年级的学生及其家长、教师、校领导作为研究对象，从学校体育的开展现状为出发 点，对体育纳入高考的必要性及其可行性进行调查研究，结果如下， 1.闽南地区高三年级学生大多数喜欢体育课，但由于学生学业压力过大导致没时间 进行锻炼。调查还显示出闽南地区少数高三学生不喜欢体育课，主要是因为体育活动太 累太辛苦，其次则是学业过于繁重没时间和不喜欢体育课的组织形式。闽南地区高三学 生平均每天锻炼时长较短、强度较小。 2.闽南地区高三年级学生参加体育课的主要动机是增强体质和调节紧张情绪，但在 次要动机上，男女出现分歧，男生主要是为了塑造形体，而女生则是单纯的为了上体育 课。在体育课内容的设置上，闽南地区高三年级学生对体育课内容整体来讲还算满意。 场地器材方面，闽南地区高三年级学生认为场地器材不够用。闽南地区大多数高三学生 认为，适当的参加体育锻炼有利于学习，提高学习效率。 3.闽南地区大多数高三年级学生时间分配上的不合理是导致闽南地区高三年级学 生体质下降的重要原因之一；独生子女的特殊情况使得家人对其溺爱导致营养摄入不均 衡，再加上闽南地区独有的地理位置及饮食习惯是导致闽南地区高三年级学生体质下降 的重要原因之一；学校场地严重不足，器材设备老化，学校领导层的不重视，教师授课 较为随意，学生上课不认真、学习压力大是闽南地区高三学生体质下降的重要原因之一。 4.闽南地区高三年级学生的主要压力来源于升学压力，闽南地区高三年级学生的主 要缓压方式为听音乐和体育运动，闽南地区大多数高三年级学生也认为适当的进行体育 锻炼，对学习有促进作用。闽南师范大学教育硕士专业学位报告 II 5.体育纳入高考，体育教师队伍越来越专业化，体育课堂越来越规范，必将伴随场 地器材及设施的完善和利用率的大幅提高。同时学校也会引起高度重视，学校经费的分 配将会向体育器材及场地设施上倾斜，有利于体育学科的快速发展。 6.闽南地区大多数高三年级学生赞同体育纳入高考，家长对体育纳入高考争议比较 大，这主要与受教育程度有较大关系，绝大部分体育教师对体育纳入高考持赞同态度， 大多数非体育教师对体育纳入高考也持赞同态度。 综上所述，就目前而言，体育纳入高考与国家政策和提升国民体质是相符的，大多 数学生也持赞同态度，从体育中考的经验借鉴，到可操作问题的相关处理方法上来看， 体育纳入高考在理论上而言是可行的。但影响体育成绩的因素较多，考试的时间、场地、 气候也是影响体育成绩的原因之一，合理选择考试时间，设定科学的评分标准是非常重 要的一环，在这些问题的解决上还有待进一步商榷。 关键词，闽南地区；高三年级学生；体育纳入高考；必要性及可行性Abstract III Abstract Since the implementation of the college entrance examination system, the trend of attaching more importance to intellectual education than physical education prevails. Although it has been alleviated in recent years, the idea of determining one's life through one examination is still deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Current domestic sports will not included in the university entrance exam this problem caused many disputes, many experts and scholars are also given in different points of view, analyses the advantages and disadvantages, in this era background, this paper mainly USES the literature material law, questionnaire survey method, structured interview method, mathematical statistics method and other methods, in minnan region (mansion, get, spring) as an example, through the systematic random sampling, random mansion get spring 6 high school grade three students and their parents, teachers, school leadership as the research object, from the development of school sports present situation as a starting point, investigating the sports into the necessity and feasibility of the college entrance examination research, the results are as follows: 1. Most senior three students in minnan like PE class, but they don't have time to do exercise due to too much academic pressure. The survey also shows that a small number of senior three students in minnan do not like PE class, mainly because sports activities are too tired and hard, followed by too heavy study time and do not like the organization form of PE class. Minnan senior high school students exercise for shorter time and less intensity on average every day. 2. The main motivation for the senior grade three students in southern fujian to participate in physical education class is to enhance their physique and regulate their tense emotions. However, in terms of the secondary motivation, there are differences between men and women. In terms of the setting of PE course content, the junior high school students in minnan area are satisfied with the PE course content as a whole. In terms of field equipment, senior three students in minnan area think that field equipment is not enough. Most senior three students in minnan believe that proper physical exercise is conducive to learning and improve learning efficiency.闽南师范大学教育硕士专业学位报告 IV 3. The unreasonable time allocation of most senior grade three students in southern fujian is one of the important reasons for the physical deterioration of senior grade three students in southern fujian; The special condition of the only child makes the family spoil the only child, which leads to the imbalanced nutrition intake. In addition, the unique geographical location and dietary habits of the southern fujian are one of the important reasons for the physical deterioration of the senior three students in the southern fujian. The serious shortage of school space, aging equipment and equipment, the neglect of school leadership, the casual teaching of teachers, the careless teaching of students and the great learning pressure are one of the important reasons for the physical deterioration of senior three students in southern fujian. 4. The pressure of senior three students in southern fujian is mainly from the pressure of entering a higher school. The main ways of relieving pressure for senior three students in southern fujian are listening to music and physical exercise. 5. As physical education is included in the college entrance examination, the physical education teachers become more and more professional and the physical education classes become more and more standardized, which will be accompanied by the improvement of venue equipment and facilities and the substantial increase of utilization rate. At the same time, schools will also pay great attention to the allocation of school funds will be inclined to sports equipment and venue facilities, conducive to the rapid development of sports disciplines. 6. Most senior and junior students in southern fujian agree that sports should be included in the college entrance examination, and parents have a big dispute on the inclusion of sports in the college entrance examination, which is mainly related to education level. Most PE teachers agree with the inclusion of sports in the college entrance examination, while most non-pe teachers agree with the inclusion of sports in the college entrance examination. To sum up: at present, the inclusion of sports in the college entrance examination is consistent with the national policies and the improvement of national physical fitness, and most students also agree with it. From the experience of the middle school entrance examination in sports and the relevant treatment methods of operational problems, the inclusion of sports in the college entrance examination is feasible in theory. However, thereAbstract V are many factors affecting sports scores, and the time, venue and climate of the examination are also one of the factors affecting sports scores. Therefore, it is very important to select the examination time reasonably and set a scientific scoring standard. Key words:southern fujian; Senior year students; Sports into the college entrance examination; Necessity and feasibility目 录 VII 目 录 摘要................................................................................................................................