基于这一现状,本文结合碳足迹及经典运输模型等相关理论,在传统
的三级运输网络模型中加入了碳限额与交易机制,全面分析了碳限额与交
易机制对运营成本和运输网络流的影响。首先,本文对碳限额与交易机制、
碳足迹的计算方法和运营成本涉及的影响因子进行了介绍和分析,然后在
经典运输模型基础上运用0-1.混合整数规划的方法构建了考虑碳限额与
交易机制的运输网络优化模型。从消费者、供应商和生产商三个角度对模
型进行数值模拟对比分析,综合考虑了在碳限额与交易机制下各影响因子
的变动对企业运营成本和运输决策的影响。进一步验证了企业可以运用构
建的模型来制定出合理的运输路线,实现减排的同时降低企业的运输成本
和运营成本
将碳限额与交易机制纳入到经典的运输网络模型中,将运输过程中的
I
北京化工大学硕士学位论文
碳排放成本化,有助于企业在运输量和碳排放政策下运营成本之间达到最
优均衡状态,在实现企业经营目标的同时兼顾对环境的保护
关键词:碳限额与交易机制,运营成本,碳排放
II
THE RESEARCH ON TRANSPORTATION
NETWORK MODEL CONSIDERING
THE CAP AND TRADE POLICY
ABSTRACT
In recent years, the deterioration of the ecological environment and
greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide emissions lead to worsening the
global environment. Governments around the world have come to realize that
the era of economic growth in exchange for economic growth has gone and
introduced relevant policies to guide enterprises to develop low-carbon
economy. China, as the world&39;s main emitter of greenhouse gases, has put
energy-saving and emission-reduction, the development of low-carbon
transport into long term goals on economic and social development With the
gradual opening of the carbon trading market, enterprises have gradually
realized that only by reducing carbon emissions in production and
transportation, constructing low-carbon transportation system can they keep
with the pace of the development trend of the age and achieve a win-win
situation both for our economy and ecological system.
This paper combines the theory of carbon footprint and basic transport
model, add the carbon cap and trade mechanism into the basic transportation
model. And makes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of carbon cap and
trade mechanism on operational costs and network flow. Firstly, this paper
gives a brief introduction of carbon cap and trade mechanism and the
calculation method of carbon footprint, analyzes the impact of operational
cost under the influence of related factors. Based upon basic transportation
in
北京化.I:大学硕士学位论文
model, and taking into consideration of carbon cap and trade mechanism, we
construct an optimized transportation network model applying 0-1 mixed
integer programming method. Through the numerical simulation analysis of
the model, we consider the influence on the enterprise’s operational cost and
strategy under the cap and trade policy from three aspects, such as consumers,
suppliers, manufactures, the industry can use the model to develop a
reasonable transportation route to reduce carbon emissions and operational
costs.
Above all, based on the traditional transportation model, the paper takes
the carbon cap and trade mechanism and carbon emission cost into account,
which help the enterprises achieve the optimal equilibrium between traffic and
cost.
KEYWORDS: carbon cap and trade mechanism, operation cost,
carbon emission
IV 目录
目录
第一章绪论 1
1.1研宄背景 1
1.2研宄意义 2
1.3主要研究工作 3
1.3.1主要研宄方法 3
1.3.2主要研究思路 3
1.3.3主要研究内容 4
第二章碳限额与交易机制和碳排放的相关研究2.1碳限额与交易机制介绍2.1.1碳限额与交易市场2.1.2中国碳交易市场2.2关于碳限额与交易机制的相关研究2.3基于MEET方法对碳排放和燃料消耗影响的研宄现状2.4碳排放下运输问题的研究现状2.5研宄状况评述 10
第三章碳限额与交易机制下的运输模型构建3.1经典运输模型 11
3.1.1供需平衡运输问题模型3.1.2考虑物流中心的运输模型3.1.3基于碳限额与交易机制的运输优化模型3.2产品碳足迹的计算方法3.2.1《IPCC国家温室气体清单指南》——基于碳排放因子3.2.2估算运输中污染物排放(MEET Report)——基于速度3.3运营成本构成 17
3.3.1运输成本3.3.2碳交易成本 18
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北京化工大学硕士学位论文
3.4碳限额与交易机制下运输模型的构建3.4.1问题描述及模型假设3.4.2模型中的符号定义3.4.3碳限额与交易机制下的运营成本3.4.4碳限额与交易机制下运输模型的约束条件
22
3.5本章小结 24
第四章数值模拟分析
25
4.1案例概述及运输模型的参数设置
25
4.2不考虑碳排放的运输模型优化求解
26
4.2.1利用Lmgo软件进行模拟求解
26
4.2.2对各因子变动进行敏感性分析
28
4.3考虑碳限额与交易机制下运输模型优化求解
34
4.3.1碳排放限额和碳交易价格变动
35
4.3.2碳限额与交易机制下对各因子变动进行敏感性分析
38
4.4本章小结 44
第五章研究结论与展望
45
5.1研宄结论与创新
45
5.2研究展望 46
参考文献 47
Sk ilf
51
研究成果及发表的学术论文
53
作者和导师简介
55
VI 目录
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 Research background1.2 Research meaning1.3 Main research work1.3.1 Main research methods1.3.2 Main research ideas1.3.3 Main research contentChapter 2 Related research progress2.1 Introduction for the carbon cap and trade2.1.1 The market of carbon cap and trade2.1.2 The market of carbon cap and trade for China2.2 Current research state on carbon cap and trade2.3 Carbon emission and fuel consumption based on MEET method2.4 Current research state of transportation problem on carbon emissions2.5 Review of research stateChapter 3 Transportation model under carbon cap and trade3.1 The basic transportation model3.1.1 Transprtation model for the balance of supply and demand3.1.2 The transportation model considering logistics center3.1.3 The transportation model considering carbon cap and trade3.2 The calculation method for carbon footprint3.2.1 IPCC-Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change3.2.2 MEET Report Speed3.3 The construct of operational cost3.3.1 The transportation cost3.3.2 Carbon trade costVII
北京化.I:人学硕士学位论文
3.4 The construct of transportation model considering carbon cap and trade3.4.1 The problem description and model assumptions3.4.2 Symbol definition in the model3.4.3 The operational cost under carbon cap and trade
21
3.4.4 The constraint conditions under carbon cap and trade mechanism
22
3.5 Summary 24
Chapter 4 The analysis of numerical simulation
25
4.1 The introduction of case and parameter setting
25
4.2 The solution for the basic transportation problem
26
4.2.1 Using Lingo software for the numerical solution
26
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