专业学位硕士学位论文
P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷风险管理研究
Research on credit risk management of small-micro sized
enterprises in P bank Dalian branch
作 者 姓 名： 尹航
学科、 专业：工商管理
学 号：41811400
指 导 教 师：于惊涛
完 成 日 期： 2021 年 5 月 29 日
大连理工大学
Dalian University of Technology
大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文
摘 要
近年来，随着我国经济的不断发展，小微企业在国民经济中占比越来越大，在市场
经济中扮演着越来越重要的角色，为创造就业岗位、增加财政收入等方面做出了重大贡
献。据统计，我国小微型企业创造了 80%的就业岗位，贡献了 60%的 GDP，已是我国经济
发展的主要力量。但小微企业具有财务数据不透明、生命周期短、抗风险能力弱等特点，
因此银行在对小微企业贷款时存在很大的信贷风险，同时小微企业也面临着融资难、融
资贵的局面。近年来，我国切实加大了金融机构对小微企业的扶持力度，有效缓解了小
微企业融资难、融资贵的格局，小微企业的信贷规模也随之不断上升。由此可见，商业
银行在响应国家政策的同时，在新的盈利领域稳健探索和有效进行小微企业信贷风险控
制之间找到平衡点，对商业银行来说是一个严峻的考验，也是当前必须重视和研究的课
题。
本文选取P 银行大连分行为研究样本，对小微企业信贷风险管理进行研究。第一部
分介绍了本文的研究背景与意义、研究内容与方法。第二部分为文献综述，介绍小信贷
风险的相关概念和理论基础。第三部分是以 P 银行大连分行为研究对象，简述 P 银行大
连分行小微企业信贷业务的现状，并梳理了 P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷风险的流程，
找出目前P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷风险管理中存在的一些问题。第四部分为风险识
别与评估，首先，通过查询相关文献资料，并结合P 银行大连分行现状从外部环境、小
微企业、银行自身因素中识别 P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷业务的风险因素；然后，利
用层次分析法与模糊综合评价法对识别出的风险因素进行评价，得知P 银行大连分行小
微企业信贷业务中最重要的风险因素是银行自身，外部环境因素次之，最后为小微企业
自身因素。而银行自身因素中的信贷风险内部控制不完善是影响其风险最主要因素。第
五部分提出针对 P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷风险管理的一些策略和保障措施。
在当前我国经济下行压力背景下，本文通过对 P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷风险管
理进行研究，不仅有利于P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷资产质量的持续提升，也希望能
够更加高效地服务其他金融机构，同时也可以为完善信贷风险管理机制提供借鉴。由于
本文研究时间有限，对P 银行大连分行小微信贷风险管理的研究仍存在一定的局限性，
在后续研究中，争取为 P 银行大连分行小微信贷管理提出更具有针对性的风险防控策略，
旨在降低信贷风险和成本以提高信贷业务能力。
关键词：商业银行；小微企业；风险识别与评估；信贷风险；风险管理
- I - P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷风险管理研究
Research on credit risk management of small-micro enterprises of P bank
Dalian branch
Abstract
In recent years, with the continuous development of our country’s economy, small-micro
enterprises have accounted for an increasing proportion of the national economy and Played
an increasingly important role in the market economy, contributing to creating jobs and
increasing fiscal revenue. Made a major contribution. According to statistics, my country;s
small-micro enterprises have created 80% of jobs and contributed 60% of GDP, and have
become the main force in my country;s economic development. However, small-micro
enterprises have the characteristics of opaque financial data, short life cycles, and weak
anti-risk capabilities. Therefore, banks have great credit risks when lending to small-micro
enterprises. At the same time, small-micro enterprises are also facing difficulties in financing
and expensive financing. In recent years, my country has effectively increased the support of
financial institutions to small-micro enterprises, effectively alleviating the difficult and
expensive financing of small-micro enterprises, and the scale of credit for small-micro
enterprises has also continued to rise. It can be seen that, while responding to national Policies,
commercial banks should find a balance between steadily exploring new Profitable areas and
effectively controlling credit risks for small-micro enterprises. This is a severe test for
commercial banks, and it must be emphasized at Present. And research topics.
This paper selects the research sample of Dalian branch of P bank to study the credit risk
management of small-micro enterprises. The first Part introduces the research background and
significance, research content and methods of this article. The second Part is a literature
review, introducing the related concepts and theoretical basis of microcredit risk. The third
Part is based on the research object of Bank P;s Dalian branch. It briefly describes the current
status of the small-micro enterprise credit business of Bank P;s Dalian branch. It sorts out the
credit risk Process and system of small-micro enterprises of Bank P;s Dalian branch, and finds
out the current Dalian branch of Bank P Problems in the credit risk management of
small-micro enterprises. The fourth Part is risk identification and assessment. Firstly, by
inquiring about relevant literature and combining with the status quo of P Bank Dalian Branch,
identify the risk factors of P Bank Dalian Branch;s small-micro enterprise credit business from
the external environment, small-micro enterprises, and the bank;s own factors; Then use the
analytic hierarchy Process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the
identified risk factors. It is learned that the most important risk factor of Bank P Dalian
- II - 大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文
Branch is the bank itself, followed by external environmental factors, and finally the
small-micro enterprises themselves. In the bank;s own factors, the imperfect internal control
of credit risk is the most important factor affecting its risk. The fifth Part proposes some
strategies and safeguard measures for the credit risk management of small-micro enterprises
of P Bank Dalian Branch.
In the context of the current downward Pressure on my country’s economy, this article
studies the credit risk management of small-micro enterprises of Bank P’s Dalian branch,
which is not only conducive to the continuous improvement of the quality of credit assets of
small-micro enterprises of Bank P’s Dalian branch, but also hopes to serve others more
efficiently. Financial institutions can also Provide a reference for improving credit risk
management mechanisms. Due to the limited research time of this article, there are still some
limitations in the research on the small-micro credit risk management of P Bank Dalian
Branch. In the follow-up research, we will strive to proposed more targeted risk Prevention
and control strategies for the small-micro credit management of P Bank Dalian Branch. ,
Aimed at reducing credit risk and costs to improve business capabilities.
Key Words：Commercial bank; Small-micro enterprises; Risk identification and
assessment; Credit ; Risk management
- III - P 银行大连分行小微企业信贷风险管理研究
目录
摘 要 .................... I
Abstract .................... II
1 绪论 ..................... 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 .................. 1
1.1.1 研究背景 ............ 1
1.1.2 研究意义 ............ 1
1.2 研究内容与方法 .................. 2
1.2.1 主要研究内容 ........... 2
1.2.2 研究方法 ............ 3
1.2.3 技术路线图 ............... 3
2 文献综述 .................... 5
2.1 信贷风险及管理 .................. 5
2.1.1 信贷风险 ............ 5
2.1.2 信贷风险管理 ........... 5
2.1.3 信贷风险管理理论 .......... 6
2.1.4 信贷风险管理策略 .......... 7
2.2 小微企业信贷风险 .............. 7
2.2.1 小微企业的界定 .............. 7
2.2.2 信贷风险分类 ........... 8
2.2.3 信贷业务特征 ........... 9
2.2.4 信贷风险形成因素 ............... 10
2.3 小微企业信贷风险管理的相关研究 ............ 10
2.3.1 信贷风险识别 ................ 10
2.3.2 信贷风险评估 ................ 11
2.3.3 信贷风险防范 ................ 12
3 P 银行大连分