摘要
商业银行在我国金融体系中具有十分重要的作用，也是推动我国经济发展的重要角
色。随着普惠金融信贷政策指引的出台，银行业回归本源服务实体经济。小微企业创新
能力强，发展潜力大，愈发受到政府和市场的关注，是普惠金融扶持的重点对象之一。
虽然互联网金融的兴起和发展给传统银行信贷业务造成巨大冲击，但基于银行自身完整
的业务体系和庞大的金融体量，其主流地位依然稳固。A银行是国内最早提出做小微企
业银行的商业银行之一，拥有庞大的小微企业客户群，因此，研究 A银行小微企业信贷
业务具有实际参考意义。
然而，在互联网金融发展方兴未艾之际，宏观经济下行压力不断加大，这促使 A银
行 Z分行小微企业信贷风险的管理难度也随之加大。首先，互联网金融的发展带给 A
银行这样的传统金融机构巨大的转型升级压力；其次，政策红利催化民营银行等信贷机
构涌入小微金融领域，抢占信贷市场份额，对 A银行在增强自身动力和创新能力方面提
出了挑战；最后，近年来在全球经济增速下行压力的背景下，中国经济增速有所放缓，
同时受金融去杠杆、贸易战、疫情等影响，行业风险逐步爆发，区域性风险集中，A银
行遭受较大亏损，不良资产负担严重拖累其发展。
本文选取 A银行 Z分行作为研究对象，以风险管理理论为分析框架，结合小微企
业的风险特点，通过深入研究 A银行 Z分行小微企业信贷风险管理的现状，总结出 Z
分行小微企业信贷风险管理存在的问题：“贷前、贷中、贷后”流程管控不到位；小微
企业贷款定价机制不健全；信贷人员水平参差不齐；风险控制过度抑制信贷规模增长，
这些问题的存在制约了 Z分行小微企业信贷业务的健康快速发展。本文针对 A银行 Z
分行小微企业信贷风险管理存在的问题，提出了相应的对策建议：强化贷款全周期的流
程数字化管理；建立细分贷款客户的定价机制；加强小微企业信贷客户经理队伍建设；
加强风险管理文化建设；加大创新力度。长期来看，小微金融商机无限，是商业银行未
来重点发展和角逐的领域之一，因此针对小微企业信贷管理的突出问题进行深入分析，
探讨更加科学、高效的风险管理策略，对实现银企共同发展具有重要意义。
关键词：小微企业；信贷业务；风险管理
I

ABSTRACT
Commercial banks play a very important role in China's financial system and also matter in promoting
China's economic development. With the introduction of credit policy guidelines for inclusive finance, bank
returns to its roots to serve the real economy. Small and micro enterprises, with strong innovation capacity
and great development potential, are attracting more and more attention from the government and the
market, and to be the key objects supported by inclusive finance. Although the rise and development of
Internet finance has caused a huge impact on the traditional bank credit business, the mainstream position
of banks is still stable based on their own complete business system and huge financial volume. A Bank is
one of the first commercial banks in China that proposed to do small and micro enterprise’ bank, A Bank
has a large number of customers based on small and micro enterprises, therefore, it is of practical reference
significance to study the small and micro enterprises’ credit business of A Bank.
However, with the development of Internet finance, the downward pressure of macro economy is
increasing, which takes more difficult to the credit risk management of small and micro enterprises of A
Bank Z Branch. First of all, the development of Internet finance has brought tremendous pressure on
traditional financial institutions like A Bank to transform and upgrade. Secondly, the policy dividend
catalyzes the influx of private banks and other credit institutions into the small and micro finance field to
seize the credit market share, which poses a challenge to A Bank in enhancing its own motivation and
innovation ability. Finally, in recent years, under the background of downward pressure on global economic
growth, China's economic growth has slowed down. At the same time, influenced by financial deleveraging,
trade war and epidemic, industry risks have gradually broken out and regional risks are concentrated. A
Bank has suffered large losses and the burden of non-performing assets has seriously hindered its
development.
This article selects Z branch of A Bank as the research object, take the risk management theory as the
analysis framework and combine with the risk characteristics of small micro enterprises, through in-depth
research on the status quo of credit risk management of small and micro enterprises in A Bank Z Branch,
summed up the problems existing in credit risk management of small and micro enterprises of Z Branch:
III
。。。以下略