大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文
摘
要
安全高效发展核电，是保障我国能源安全的重要举措，核电能否平稳健康发展关
乎国家能源战略的顺利实施。而邻避风险作为可能对核电企业、核电行业的发展造成
重大影响的潜在风险，近年来已经引起国家层面和学术界的广泛关注和高度重视。如
何管理好邻避风险，已经成为摆在 H核电项目等核能发电企业面前的一道课题。
本文以 H核电项目邻避风险管理为研究对象，通过文献研究、案例分析、访谈等
方法展开研究。论文在前人研究成果的基础上，总结邻避风险的产生原因、演化路径
和影响因素，对邻避事件从产生到邻避风险爆发的整个过程进行解析，分析企业在对
邻避风险进行干预的过程中应在什么时点采取哪些措施。再结合全面风险管理理论和
框架，从风险管理的思维和视角来审视 H核电项目已开展的邻避风险管理工作，旨在
找出企业邻避风险管理工作中存在的问题，分析导致问题的原因，并为企业寻找改进
方案。
论文总结提出 H核电项目邻避风险管理工作存在邻避事件识别不全面、风险评价
将邻避风险置于次要地位、邻避风险应对措施没有落地、邻避风险监控不足等四个方
面的主要问题。对导致问题的原因进行了逐一分析，并将原因归纳为风险识别的流程
和制度设计存在缺陷、风险评价过程中对邻避风险重视不足、邻避风险应对工作配套
机制不健全，以及风险监控机制不完善四个方面。最后围绕每一个问题和导致问题的
原因，有针对性地提出了流程制度改进提升邻避风险识别质量、规则优化保证邻避风
险获得应有重视、健全配套机制促进应对措施有效落地，以及建立完善邻避风险监控
相关制度四个方面的改进方案。改进方案将有利于提升 H核电项目邻避风险管理工作
质量，对其他核电企业邻避风险管理工作也有一定的借鉴意义。
关键词：风险管理；邻避设施；核电
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H核电项目邻避风险管理研究
Research on NIMBY risk management of H nuclear power project
Abstract
The safe and efficient development of nuclear power is an important measure to guarantee
China's energy security. The stable and healthy development of nuclear power is related to the
smooth implementation of the national energy strategy. NIMBY risk, as a potential risk that
may have a significant impact on the development of nuclear power enterprises and the nuclear
power industry, has attracted wide attention and high attention from the national level and
academia in recent years. How to manage NIMBY risks has become a topic for nuclear power
generation enterprises such as H nuclear power project.
This paper takes NIMBY risk management of H nuclear power project as the research
object, and conducts research through literature research, case analysis, interview and other
methods. On the basis of previous research results, this paper summarizes the causes,
evolutionary paths and influencing factors of NIMBY risks, and proposes what measures should
be taken at what time in the process of enterprises' intervention on NIMBY risks. Combined
with the comprehensive risk management framework, this paper examines the NIMBY risk
management of H nuclear power project from the perspective of risk management thinking,
aiming to find out the existing problems in the enterprise's NIMBY risk management and find
improvement plans for the enterprise.
The paper concludes that there are four major problems in the risk management of H
nuclear power project, including the incomplete identification of NIMBY events, the secondary
status of NIMBY risks in the risk evaluation, the failure of the measures to deal with NIMBY
risks, and the insufficient monitoring of NIMBY risks. The reasons leading to the problems
were analyzed one by one, and the reasons were summarized into four aspects: defects in the
process and system design of risk identification, insufficient attention to NIMBY risks in the
process of risk evaluation, imperfect supporting mechanism for coping with NIMBY risks, and
imperfect risk monitoring mechanism. Finally, around each problem and the cause of the
problem, this paper puts forward a targeted improvement plan from four aspects: process system
improvement to improve the quality of NIMBY risk identification, rule optimization to ensure
that NIMBY risks receive due attention, perfect supporting mechanism to promote effective
implementation of countermeasures, and establish and perfect the related system of NIMBY
risk monitoring. The improvement plan has certain reference significance for the NIMBY risk
management of other nuclear power enterprises.
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大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文
Key Words：Risk management; NIMBY; Nuclear power
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