iii 摘要 近年来，随着云计算、大数据、人工智能等新兴信息技术的发展，及互联网 行业蓬勃发展引发的产业变革；促使新兴信息技术逐步向传统产业渗透，成为传 统产业变革的核心力量。而软件作为新兴信息技术的灵魂，在诸多的国家政策方 针的指引与支持下，势必会引领着新一轮的科技创新，催生出新产业、新业态和 新模式。而我国的软件企业显然会成为这场变革中的主要参与者。 本文选取了HY软件公司作为研究对象，作为我国新兴信息技术与互联网产 业发达地区的一家传统软件企业，其20多年的发展历程中，经历了从国外产品 代理商到系统集成服务商，再到独立软件开发商的多次转型；这也是我国信息技 术企业发展的主要几个阶段。而现在该企业正面临着行业内竞争加剧、业务增加 乏力，且产品功能优势与技术先进性等越发不明显，行业内的竞品也越来越多； 导致企业逐步失去了核心的竞争力。为了打破企业发展的瓶颈，重新制定企业的 发展战略已经迫在眉睫。另外，笔者对于该企业的研究，将会有一定的代表性； 对于行业内的初创公司、迫切需要转型的传统企业有一定的参考价值。 首先笔者通过文献回顾，搜集并了解新兴信息技术创新应用的场景，及商业 模式创新的路径；掌握企业发展战略的相关理论知识。再通过实地的调研去深入 了解HY软件公司的发展现状，及其发展过程中存在的具体问题；并采用PESTEL 分析模型、波特五力模型、核心竞争力分析模型等规范性的理论分析方法；先对 企业的宏观环境、产业环境、竞争环境进行分析，然后再深入去分析企业的资 源、综合能力及核心竞争力等情况。 笔者通过深入剖析企业的内外部环境，借助SWOT战略分析工具进行具体的 战略分析，而做出相应的战略匹配及可行性分析；再结合波特的三大基本战略思 想与熊彼特的创新理论；明确了HY软件公司需实施全面创新的差异化战略。最 后HY软件公司需通过加大资源的投入，提升人才、运营等保障体系的实力，以 落实服务型的业务创新，突破新兴信息技术的创新，并构建起强大的生态体系； 势必将有效提升企业的核心竞争力。同时文中的结论部分也对研究无法全面考虑 的因素做了说明，则需要企业在实施过程中加以注意，面对特殊情况及时加以调 整与优化。 关键词：新兴信息技术；竞争战略；差异化战略；技术创新；核心竞争力 北京交通大学硕士专业学位论文 ABSTRACT iv ABSTRACT With the development of the emerging information technologies such as the cloud computing, the big data and the artificial intelligence, and the industrial reform arising from the rapid development of the Internet industry, the emerging information technology has been penetrating into the traditional industries gradually in recent years, which has become the core strength of the traditional industrial reform. On the other hand, the software, as the soul of the emerging information technology, will definitely lead a new technological innovation and induce new industries, new business forms and new models with the guidance and support of various national policies. It is obvious that the software enterprise in China will become an important participant in this reform. The thesis chooses HY Software Company as its research object. As a traditional software enterprise located in the developed area of the domestic emerging information technology and the Internet industry, HY Software Company has experienced several transformations from an overseas product agent to a system integration service provider, and to an independent software developer during its 20-year development history. Such transformation period also marks the important development stages of the information technology enterprises in China. However, the enterprise is facing a fierce competition in the industry, a sluggish business growth, less distinct advantages in its product functions and less advanced technology as well as more competing goods in the industry, which makes the enterprise lose its core competence gradually. Therefore, it is urgent for the enterprise to reformulate a development strategy in order to break its development bottleneck. Besides, the author’s research of the enterprise will be representative. The thesis can provide some references for newly established companies and traditional enterprises which need to be transformed urgently in the industry. Firstly, the author collects and learns about the innovative application scenarios of the emerging information technology and the methods for its innovative business models, as well as grasps the relevant theoretical knowledge about the enterprise development strategy by means of the literature review. Then, the author conducts the field survey to learn about the current development situation of HY Software Company deeply and the specific problems arising from its development process. The author adopts the standard theoretical analysis methods such as PESTEL analysis model, Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model and the core competence analysis to analyze the enterprise’s macro- environment, industrial environment and competition environment firstly. Then, the 北京交通大学硕士专业学位论文 ABSTRACT v author analyzes the enterprise’s resources, the comprehensive capability and the core competence deeply. The author analyzes the internal and external environment of the enterprise deeply as well as its specific strategies by means of SWOT strategy analysis tool in order to work out the corresponding strategic matching and the feasibility analysis. Then, the author clarifies the comprehensively innovative differentiation strategy which HY Software Company needs to be implemented based on Porter’s three basic strategic thoughts and Schumpeter’s innovation theory. Finally, the author thinks HY Software Company needs to strengthen its resource input and enhance its strength in the security system such as the talents and the operation in order to implement the service-oriented business innovation, break through the innovation of the emerging information technology and establish a strong ecological system, which will definitely improve the enterprise’s core competence. Meanwhile, the conclusion part of the thesis also describes the elements which the research fails to analyze comprehensively. Enterprises need to pay more attention to them in the course of the implementation, and adjust as well as optimize them in the face of special circumstances. KEYWORDS：Emerging information technology；Competitive strategy；Differentiation strategy；Technological innovation；Core competence 北京交通大学硕士专业学位论文 目录 vi 目录 摘要. .............................................................. III ABSTRACT ............................................................ IV 1. 绪论 ......................................................... - 8 - 1.1 研究背景 .................................................. - 8 - 1.2 研究的问题 ................................................ - 9 - 1.3 研究目的与意义 ............................................ - 9 - 1.4 研究的内容与方法 ......................................... - 10 - 1.4.1 研究的内容 ........................................... - 10 - 1.4.2 研究的方法 ........................................... - 10 - 1.5 本文的创新点 ............................................. - 11 - 2. 相关理论与文献综述 .......................................... - 12 - 2.1 相关理论基础 ............................................. - 12 - 2.1.1 企业战略理论 ......................................... - 12 - 2.1.2 竞争理论之三大基本战略 ............................... - 13 - 2.1.3 创新理论 ............................................. - 14 - 2.1.4 战略分析的基本工具 ................................... - 15 - 2.2 文献综述 ................................................. - 17 - 2.2.1 国外相关研究文献回顾 ................................. - 17 - 2.2.2 国内相关研究文献回顾 ................................. - 19 - 2.2.3 文献述评 ............................................. - 21 - 3. HY软件公司创新发展环境分析 ................................. - 22 - 3.1 HY软件公司创新发展外部环境分析 ........................... - 22 - 3.1.1 宏观环境分析 ......................................... - 22 - 3.1.2 产业环境分析 ......................................... - 24 - 3.1.3 竞争环境分析 ......................................... - 26 - 3.2 HY软件公司创新发展内部环境分析 ........................... - 30 - 3.2.1 内部资源分析 ......................................... - 30 - 3.2.2 综合能