I 摘要 DN 公司做为冷链物流新起之秀，归属阿里集团，拥有强大的资金背景、技 术背景、业务量支持。但因其 2019 年刚成立，起步晚，运营经验不足，存在冷 链配送成本高、破损率高等行业通病，制约其快速稳定发展。本文以新疆杏冷链 配送项目为例，搭建以综合物流配送成本最小为目标的冷链配送模型，对 DN 公 司冷链配送网络进行优化研究，提升其物流配送竞争力。 本文通过调研分析 DN 公司生鲜冷链配送网络存的主要问题为冷链配送成本 高、货损高、派送时间无法满足、配送区域受限；问题产出的原因主要分为外部 原因与内部原因，外部原因为上游需求不准确，导致 DN 公司作业难度较大，无 法合理安排人力物力资料造成成本浪费；内部原因为作业流程不够合理、冷链包 装选材不合理、以及配送网络不合理，造成配送成本高、货损率高。综合 DN 公 司配送网络问题产出的内外原因，本文通过冷链分拣中心选址优化、冷链配送线 路优化、管理制度优化、作业流程优化、包装设备优化、新技术引入，对冷链配 送网络布局优化进行研究。 针对 DN 公司配送网络中存在的问题，本文采用定性分析法与定量分析法进 行研究，通过调研对比行业内做法，结合 DN 公司现状搭建配送网络布局优化非 线性混合整数规划模型，通过 lingo 算法进行求解验证。最后结合 DN 公司的现 状与不足，从人机法料环角度进行改进方案的实施准备，通过发现问题、解决问 题、验证问题进行实施路径的不断迭代优化，同步对事前、事中、事后数据进行 实施监控避免实施过程偏离目标，并增加人员与资金保障，保障实施方案落地减 少不可控风险。 本文结合企业现状，模型里程使用的百度地图经纬度里程，数据更加精确， 研究发现合理的冷链配送中心优化与作业流程优化，在保证时效不变的情况下， 单包裹物流成本可降低 16%左右，可有效的提升 DN 公司物流配送能力。 关键词：配送网络布局；分拨选址；线路规划；新疆杏ABSTRCCT III ABSTRACT As a rising star of cold chain logistics, DN is owned by Ali Group and has a strong financial background, technical background, and business volume support. However, due to its establishment in 2019, its late start, insufficient operating experience, high cold chain distribution costs and high breakage rates, and other industry common problems, restrict its rapid and stable development. This paper takes Xinjiang apricot cold chain distribution project as an example, builds a cold chain distribution model with the goal of minimizing comprehensive logistics distribution costs, and optimizes the cold chain distribution network of DN Company to improve its logistics distribution competitiveness. This article analyzes the main problems of DN's fresh cold chain distribution network through investigation and analysis: high cold chain distribution costs, high cargo damage, unsatisfactory delivery time, and limited distribution areas; the reasons for the problem output are mainly divided into external and internal reasons. The external reason is the inaccurate upstream demand, which makes the operation of DN company difficult, and the inability to reasonably arrange the manpower and material resources, resulting in cost waste; the internal reason is the unreasonable operation process, unreasonable cold chain packaging materials, and unreasonable distribution network, resulting in distribution costs High, high cargo damage rate. Integrating the internal and external reasons for the output of the DN company is distribution network problems, this article uses cold chain sorting center location optimization, cold chain distribution line optimization, management system optimization, operation process optimization, packaging equipment optimization, and the introduction of new technologies. Research on layout optimization. Aiming at the problems in DN's distribution network, this article uses qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to conduct research. Through investigation and comparison of industry practices, combined with the status quo of DN, a non-linear mixed-integer programming model is built to optimize the distribution network layout, and is carried out by lingo algorithm Solve verification. Combining with the current situation and shortcomings of DN, we will prepare for the implementation of the improvement plan from the perspective of man-machine method and material environment. Through discovering problems, solving problems, and verifying problems, we will continuously iteratively optimize the implementation path, and synchronize the data before, during and after the event. Implement monitoring to prevent the implementation process from deviating from the target, and increase personnel and capital guarantees to ensure that the implementation plan is implemented to reduce uncontrollable risks. Based on the current situation of the enterprise, the Baidu map latitude and longitude mileage used in the model mileage is more accurate. The study found that the optimization of the cold chain distribution center and the optimization of the operation process can reduce the logistics cost of a single package by about 16% under the condition that the timeliness remains unchanged. , Which can effectively北京工业大学工商管理硕士专业学位论文 IV improve DN's logistics and distribution capabilities. Key words: Fresh distribution network layout; Allocating sites; Line planning; Xin Jiang aprico目录 -V- 目 录 摘要................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................III 目 录..............................................................................................................................V 第 1 章 绪论........................................................................................................- 1 - 1.1 研究背景.................................................................................................- 1 - 1.2 研究目的和意义.....................................................................................- 1 - 1.2.1 研究的目的..................................................................................- 1 - 1.2.2 研究的意义..................................................................................- 2 - 1.3 国内外研究现状.....................................................................................- 2 - 1.3.1 国外研究现状..............................................................................- 2 - 1.3.2 国内研究现状..............................................................................- 4 - 1.4 研究内容与研究方法.............................................................................- 7 - 1.4.1 研究内容......................................................................................- 7 - 1.4.2 定性分析法..................................................................................- 7 - 1.4.3 定量分析法..................................................................................- 7 - 1.4.4 常用算法分析..............................................................................- 8 - 1.5 论文框架.................................................................................................- 8 - 第 2 章 DN 公司冷链配送网络布局存在的问题和原因分析...........................- 11 - 2.1 DN 公司基本情况..................................................................................- 11 - 2.1.1 DN 公司基本情况.......................................................................- 11 - 2.1.2 DN 公司业务介绍.......................................................................- 12 - 2.1.3 DN 公司冷链配送业务现状.......................................................- 14 - 2.2 DN 公司冷链配送网络现状..................................................................- 15 - 2.2.1 DN 公司冷链配送流程介绍.......................................................- 15 - 2.2.2 DN 配送网络介绍.......................................................................- 18 - 2.3 DN 公司冷链配送网络存在的问题分析..............................................- 20 - 2.3.1 冷链物流成本较高....................................................................- 21 - 2.3.2 配送货损率较高........................................................................- 21 - 2.3.3