在城镇化发展过程中，农村人口大量涌入城市，农业和农村面临着土地弃耕、劳动 力短缺、农村空心化等问题。在此背景下，党中央适时制定“乡村振兴战略”，致力于 改善农业生产环境和农村生活条件，大力推进现代农业的发展，调整农业经营管理方式， 改善农村生活环境，这在一定程度上吸引了部分农民工返乡。随着时代的变迁，新生代 农民工占据了农村人口的主体地位。与上一代农民工相比较，新生代农民工的特点是年 龄小，受教育程度高，思想新颖，并且与家乡有着天然的情感联系，客观上存在返乡参 与现代农业经营的可能性。因此，结合城镇化发展和乡村振兴的时代背景，对影响新生 代农民工参与务农的因素展开研究，以期解决农村农业所面临的人力资源现实问题，促 进中国城乡经济的平衡和可持续发展。 基于对城乡人力资源转移和发展的基本理论梳理以及对相关文献的综述，本文首先 采用定性的方法从现有研究成果中梳理影响劳动力务农的可能影响因素，结合实地调研 情况，构建本文研究的理论模型，采用问卷调查的方式获取了河南省新生代农民工务农 意愿影响因素的问卷数据。然后运用因子分析对构建的指标体系进行处理发现，个体理 性认知因子、农业经营环境因子、政府政策支持因子、农村生活环境因子都对新生代农 民工考虑是否参与农业生产产生重要影响。接着利用Logistic回归分析对所构建的理论 模型进行实证分析，结果表明，新生代农民工的个体主观农业认知（包括个体对农业收 益的主观认知和务农不体面化认知）和农业经营环境对其务农意愿有最重要的影响。新 生代农民工受教育程度和务农不体面化认知对其务农意愿产生负向影响，而他们对于农 业生产的劳动收益的主观认知、农业经营环境、政府政策支持以及农村生活环境则对其 务农意愿产生正向影响。个体特征中的性别、年龄没有体现出对务农意愿的影响。 根据研究得出的结论，本文主要从提高农业生产收益和农民职业体面感、优化农业 经营环境、加强政府政策支持、完善农村生活环境等四个方面，有针对性的提出了提高 新生代农民工务农意愿的建议。 关键词：新生代农民工；务农意愿；个体主观农业认知；农业经营环境 II Abstract In the process of urbanization development, a large number of rural population poured into cities, and agriculture and rural areas were faced with such problems as abandoned land, shortage of labor force, and hollowing out of rural areas. Against this background, the central committee of the communist party of China timely formulated the "rural revitalization strategy", which is committed to improving the agricultural production environment and rural living conditions, vigorously promoting the development of modern agriculture, adjusting the agricultural operation and management mode, and improving the rural living environment, which to some extent attracted some migrant workers to return home. With the change of times, the new generation of migrant workers occupy the main position of rural population. Compared with the previous generation of migrant workers, the new generation of migrant workers are characterized by their young age, high education level, novel ideas, natural emotional connection with their hometown, and objectively the possibility of returning to participate in modern agricultural management. Therefore, combined with the background of urbanization development and rural revitalization, this paper studies the factors influencing the participation of the new generation of migrant workers in agriculture, so as to solve the practical human resources problems faced by rural agriculture and promote the balanced and sustainable development of China's urban and rural economy. Based on the basic theory of the development of urban and rural human resource transfer and comb and the review of related literature, this paper adopts the method of qualitative from existing research results of carding may affect factors affecting farm labor force, combined with field investigation, build in this paper, we study the theoretical model, adopt the way of questionnaire survey for the new generation of migrant workers in Henan province farming will influence factors of the questionnaire data. Then factor analysis was used to process the constructed indicator system, and it was found that individual rational cognition factors, agricultural operation environment factors, government policy support factors and rural living environment factors all have important influences on whether the new generation of migrant workers consider whether to participate in agricultural production. Then, Logistic regression analysis was used to empirically analyze the theoretical model constructed. The results showed that the individual subjective agricultural cognition of the new generation of migrant workers (including the individual's subjective cognition of agricultural income and the cognition of the dishonor of farming) and the agricultural operating environment had the most III important impact on their willingness to farm. The education level of the new generation of migrant workers and their perception of disgraceful farming have a negative impact on their willingness to farm, while their subjective perception of labor benefits from agricultural production, agricultural operating environment, government policy support and rural living environment have a positive impact on their willingness to farm. The gender and age in individual characteristics did not reflect the influence on the willingness to farm. According to the conclusions drawn from the study, this paper mainly put forward Suggestions on improving the willingness of the new generation of migrant workers to farm from four aspects, including improving the income of agricultural production and farmers' sense of decent career, optimizing the agricultural operation environment, strengthening government policy support and improving the rural living environment. Key words: The new generation of migrant workers; Willingness to work agriculture; Individual subjective agricultural cognition; Agricultural operating environment IV 目录 第1章 绪论 .................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 研究背景 .................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 研究意义 .................................................................................................. 2 1.2 文献综述 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 新生代农民工相关研究文献综述 .......................................................... 2 1.2.2 务农意愿研究文献综述 .......................................................................... 3 1.2.3 本文评述 .................................................................................................. 6 1.3 研究内容、方法与技术路线 ............................................................................. 6 1.3.1 研究内容 .................................................................................................. 6 1.3.2 研究方法 .................................................................................................. 7 1.3.3 技术路线 .................................................................................................. 7 1.4 可能的创新点 ..................................................................................................... 8 第2章 相关内涵阐释及理论基础阐述 ........................................................................ 9 2.1 相关内涵阐释 ..................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 新生代农民工概念界定及特点 .............................................................. 9 2.1.2 务农意愿内涵 ........................................................................................ 11 2.2 理论基础阐述 ................................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 二元经济理论 ........................................................................................ 11 2.2.2 推拉理论 ................................................................................................ 13 2.2.3 人力资本