I 摘要 海是舟山的特色，“海洋经济”是群岛新区的“蔚蓝名片”，造船业更是舟山不可 动摇的支柱性产业。新生代农民工作为劳动力市场的主力军，是造船业的中流砥柱，他 们频繁的离职对行业发展造成了不小的影响。基于国内外研究可知，工作满意度是影响 离职倾向的重要变量，因此，对造船业新生代农民工工作满意度与离职倾向的影响进行 研究，分析诱导该类人员产生离职倾向的前因变量，寻求缓解人员流失的途径，对促进 我市造船业健康快速的发展有着重大意义。 本文以工作满意度、离职倾向为理论基础，以舟山造船业年龄在35周岁以下的农 民工为研究对象，采用文献综述法、问卷调查法、访谈法、统计分析法四种方法，阐述 了舟山造船业发展现状及新生代农民工就业现状，设计了13个研究假设，论证了工作 满意度对离职倾向在人口统计学变量上的差异，工作满意度及各维度对离职倾向的影 响：问卷调查主要通过微信问卷星转发的形式，共获取问卷300份，有效问卷277份， 有效回收率达92.3%。数据分析上，使用了SPSS25.0软件进行信效度分析、描述性分 析、方差分析、相关分析、回归分析。 研究结果显示：（1）造船业新生代农民工离职倾向在性别、年龄、文化程度、本 行业工作年限上存在显著差异。（2）造船业新生代农民工工作满意度处于中等水平， 离职倾向处于中等偏下水平。（3）工作满意度及各维度对离职倾向有负向影响，各维 度按照作用从大到小排列为：工作回报满意度、人际关系满意度、工作本身满意度、个 人发展满意度。根据研究分析结果，本文提出强化职业培训、以事业留人，建立科学的 薪酬福利制度、注意分配公平，完善用工模式、做好用工模式的转型和升级，注重造船 业员工职业病防护、做好健康监护工作等管理建议，以此来提高新生代农民工工作满意 度，降低离职倾向，为舟山造船业稳定发展提供参考依据。 关键词：新生代农民工；离职倾向；工作满意度；造船业 Abstract II Abstract TheseaisthecharacteristicofZhoushan,the"marineeconomy"isthe"oceanbusiness card"ofthenewislandsdistrict.Moreover,theshipbuildingindustryistheunshakablepillar industryofZhoushan.Asthemainforceofthelabormarketandmainstayoftheshipbuilding industry,thenewgenerationofmigrantworkersturnoverfrequently,whichexertsa tremendousinfluenceonthedevelopmentoftheindustry.Basedondomesticandforeign research,jobsatisfactionisanimportantvariableaffectingturnoverintention.Therefore. therearethreeaspectsthathavegreatsignificanceinadvancingtherapidandhealthyprogress oftheshipbuildingindustry:Studytheeffectofjobsatisfactionofthenewgenerationof migrantworkersinshipbuildingindustryonturnoverintention;Analyzethecauseofthe turnoverintentionofthestuff;Seekwaystorelievethelossofstuff. Basedonthetheoryofjobsatisfactionandturnoverintention,thispaper,takingthe migrantworkersunder35yearsinZhoushanshipbuildingindustryastheresearchobject, expoundsthepresentsituationofZhoushanshipbuildingindustrydevelopmentandthe employmentofthenewgenerationmigrantworkersbymeansofliteraturereview, questionnairesurvey,interviewprocedureandstatisticalanalysis,anddesigns13research hypothesestodemonstratethedemographicdifferencebetweenjobsatisfactionandturnover intention,andtheinfluenceofjobsatisfactionanditsdimensionsonturnoverintention:The questionnairewasmainlytransmittedbyWeChatquestionnairestar,Weobtained300 questionnaires.Afterscreeningindicators,277questionnaireswerevalid,andtherecovery ratereachedof92.3%.SPSS25.0softwarewasusedforreliabilityandvalidityanalysis, descriptiveanalysis,ANOVA,correlationanalysis,regressionanalysisindataanalysis. Theresultsshowsthat：(1)Therearesignificantdifferencesintheturnoverintentionof thenewgenerationofmigrantworkersintheshipbuildingindustryintermsofgender,age, educationbackground,workingyearsintheindustry；(2)Thejobsatisfactionofthenew generationofmigrantworkersintheshipbuildingindustryisatamediumlevel,whilethe turnoverintentionisatalower-middlelevel；(3)Thejobsatisfactionanditsdimensionshave negativeinfluenceonturnoverintention.Eachdimensionisarrangedaccordingtothe functionfrombigtosmall:jobrewardssatisfaction,interpersonalrelationshipsatisfaction, jobitselfsatisfaction,personaldevelopmentsatisfaction.Accordingtotheresultsofthe research,somesuggestionsareputforwardtoimprovethejobsatisfactionofthenew generationofmigrantworkers,reducetheturnoverintentionandprovidereferenceforthe steadydevelopmentofZhoushanshipbuildingindustry,suchasstrengthenvocationaltraining, attractyoubycareer,establishascientificsalaryandwelfaresystem,payattentiontofair distribution,perfectemploymentmode,transformandupgradeemploymentmode,the occupationalprecautionofemployeesintheshipbulidingindustryanddoagoodjobinhealth monitoringandsoon. Abstract III KeyWords:newgenerationofmigrantworkers;turnoverintention;jobsatisfaction;shipbuilding industry 目录 IV 目录 第1章绪论..............................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景......................................................................................................................1 1.2研究意义......................................................................................................................2 1.2.1理论意义.............................................................................................................2 1.2.2现实意义...........................................................................................................2 1.3国内外相关研究..........................................................................................................3 1.3.1国外相关研究...................................................................................................3 1.3.2国内相关研究...................................................................................................4 1.4研究主要内容及方法..................................................................................................6 1.4.1研究主要内容...................................................................................................6 1.4.2研究方法...........................................................................................................6 第2章理论基础......................................................................................................................8 2.1新生代农民工相关理论..............................................................................................8 2.2离职倾向相关理论模型..............................................................................................9 2.2.1March&Simon模型.........................................................................................9 2.2.2Mobley中介链模型..........................................................................................9 2.2.3Sheridan&Abelson尖峰突变模型................................................................10 2.2.4Price&Mueller离职模型...............................................................................11 2.3工作满意度相关理论................................................................................................12 2.3.1工作满意度的定义.........................................................................................12 2.3.2工作满意度理论研究.....................................................................................13 2.3.3工作满意度影响因素.....................................................................................13 2.4离职倾向和工作满意度的关系研究........................................................................14 第3章舟山造船业发展及新生代农民工就业现状............................................................16 3.1舟山造船业发展概况................................................................................................16 3.2舟山造船业人力资源构成及面临的问题................................................................17 3.3舟山造船业新生代农民工就业现状........................................................................18 3.4新生代农民工离职对舟山造船业的影响................................................................19 3.4.1对生产成本的影响.........................................................................................19 3.4.2对订单保质保量按时交付的影响.................................................................19 3.4.3对公司商誉、企业竞争力的影响...............................