I 摘要 近些年来，我国建筑行业逐渐进入不同以往但相对稳定的发展状态。随着建 筑业市场的逐渐饱和以及我国市场的进一步开放，我国建筑行业企业之间的竞争 力越来越大。受多方因素的影响，建筑公司在不断繁荣壮大的同时也需要面对着 不同类型、不同程度的财务风险。如果不能从根源上做好企业财务风险防范工作， 将会威胁到企业的生存。因此，加强财务风险管理工作，有效防范财务风险对于 建筑企业的发展十分必要。 本文通过对当前建筑行业的发展形势进行分析，结合中外文献和相关理论简 要阐述，对ZJ建筑公司的财务风险管理问题进行了具体的探讨。综合运用PEST 分析法和财务指标分析法对该企业财务风险进行了识别，发现该公司资产负债结 构不科学、流动资产质量不高、对外投资项目资金规模过大、存货周转率和应收 账款周转率有待提高等。其次，利用能够反映公司生产经营状况的四项能力及其 二级指标构建层次模型，运用AHP层次分析法计算出各项因素对公司财务风险的 影响，并对结果加以分析说明。最后，针对发现的问题，通过对筹资风险、投资 风险和营运风险三个环节的控制及企业财务风险防控体系等方面提出防范对策， 减少ZJ建筑公司财务风险。本文的研究能够通过真实的数据分析，为该公司在具 体的生产经营中提供科学高效的指导，从而规避、化解财务风险的影响，为企业 安全、健康、可持续发展提供助力。同时，为行业同类企业带来借鉴和参考。 关键词：建筑公司；财务风险；财务风险识别；财务风险评价；防范控制 Abstract II Abstract Theconstructionindustryinourcountrygraduallyintodifferentbutrelatively stablestateofdevelopmentovertheyears.Astheconstructionmarketisgradually saturatedaswellasthefurtheropeningofChina'smarket,thecompetitivenessbetween theenterprisesoftheconstructionindustryinourcountry.Undertheinfluenceofmany factors,constructioncompaniesarefacingdifferenttypesanddegreesoffinancialrisks whileprosperingandgrowing.Ifyoucan'ttodoagoodjobofenterprisefinancialrisk preventionfromthesource,willthreatenthesurvivalofenterprises.Therefore,itisvery necessarytostrengthenfinancialriskmanagementandeffectivelypreventfinancialrisk forthedevelopmentofconstructionenterprises. Thisarticleanalyzesthecurrentdevelopmentsituationoftheconstructionindustry. BrieflyexplainedbycombiningChineseandforeignliteratureandrelatedtheoriesto discussthefinancialriskmanagementofZJConstructionCompanyspecifically.Using PESTanalysisandfinancialindexanalysistoidentifythefinancialrisksofthe enterprise,itisfoundthatthestructureofassetsandliabilitiesofthecompanyisnot scientific,thequalityofcurrentassetsisnothigh,thecapitalscaleofforeigninvestment projectsistoolarge,theinventoryturnoverandaccountsreceivableturnoverneedtobe improved.Secondly,usingthefourcapabilitiesthatcanreflectthecompany's productionandoperationstatusanditssecond-levelindicatorstobuildahierarchical model,usingAHPanalytichierarchyprocesstocalculatetheimpactofvariousfactors onthecompany'sfinancialrisk,andtoanalyzetheresults.Finally,inresponsetothe problemsfound,preventivemeasuresareproposedtoreducethefinancialriskofZJ ConstructionCompanythroughthecontrolofthethreeaspectsoffinancingrisk, investmentriskandoperationalriskandthecorporatefinancialriskpreventionand controlsystem.Scientificandefficientguidanceforthecompanyinspecificproduction andoperationisprovidedinthisresearchthroughrealdataanalysis,soastoavoidand resolvetheimpactoffinancialrisks,andprovideassistanceforthesafe,healthyand sustainabledevelopmentoftheenterprise.Meanwhile,forthetradecompanytobring reference. Keywords:builders;financialcrisis;financialriskdiscernment;financialrisk Abstract III evaluation;preventiveandresolution 河北工程大学硕士学位论文 IV 目录 摘要................................................................................................................................I Abstract.............................................................................................................................II 第1章绪论.....................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景.............................................................................................................1 1.2研究目的及意义.................................................................................................1 1.3研究内容和方法.................................................................................................2 1.3.1研究内容...................................................................................................2 1.3.2研究方法...................................................................................................3 第2章文献综述与相关理论.........................................................................................5 2.1文献综述.............................................................................................................5 2.1.1国外文献综述...........................................................................................5 2.1.2国内文献综述...........................................................................................7 2.1.3国内外文献评述.......................................................................................8 2.2财务风险的相关理论.........................................................................................9 2.2.1风险...........................................................................................................9 2.2.2财务风险...................................................................................................9 2.3财务风险管理理论...........................................................................................10 2.3.1风险管理.................................................................................................10 2.3.2财务风险管理.........................................................................................10 2.3.3财务风险管理程序.................................................................................11 2.4本章小结...........................................................................................................13 第3章ZJ建筑公司财务风险识别..............................................................................14 3.1ZJ建筑公司概况...............................................................................................14 3.1.1ZJ建筑公司基本情况.............................................................................14 3.1.2ZJ建筑公司组织架构.............................................................................14 3.1.3ZJ建筑公司财务状况分析.....................................................................15 3.2ZJ建筑公司财务风险外部因素分析...............................................................16 3.2.1政治环境分析.........................................................................................17 3.2.2经济环境分析.........................................................................................17 目录 V 3.2.3社会环境分析.........................................................................................18 3.2.4科技环境分析.........................................................................................18 3.3ZJ建筑公司财务风险内部因素识别分析.......................................................19 3.3.1筹资活动中的财务风险.........................................................................19 3.3.2投资活动中的财务风险.........................................................................22 3.3.3营运活动中的财务风险.........................................................................26 3.3.4现金流活动中的财务风险.....................................................................27 3.4本章小结...........................................................................................................28 第4章基于层次分析法对ZJ建筑公司财务风险评价.............................................29 4.1层次分析法简述...............................................................................................29 4.1.1层次分析法分析步骤.............................................................................29 4.1.2层析分析法在建筑公司财务风险评价中的适用性.............................29 4.2层次分析法的运用....................................