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制造业是国民经济的主体,经过几十年的快速发展,中国的制造业取得了举 世瞩目的成就,中国作为世界制造业大国的地位已被世界认可,但中国的制造水 平同西方发达国家相比,还存在着一定的差距。汽车制造作为制造业高水平代表, 在中国取得了长足的进步和发展,但从2018年5月起,汽车销量结束了28年以 来的持续增长。面对残酷汽车市场,汽车相关产业通过不断在产品和服务质量上 优化和创新,来获得竞争优势,从而在市场中生存下去。 A公司作为从事给汽车行业提供质量服务的企业,成立于2003年,经过十 几年的快速发展,已和国际诸多国际知名企业建立合作关系,但面对严峻的行业 状态,A公司当前的项目管理流程已经无法满足客户的需求。本文以A公司为 研究对象,首先结合项目管理理论,运用文献研究法、专家访谈法等对当前的项 目管理流程进行梳理和分析,发现流程中存在的问题:(1)项目作业人员安排 不合理;(2)项目人员能力水平参差不齐;(3)项目前期规划不充分;(4) 项目执行监控不足;(5)项目内外部沟通混乱;(6)项目质量管理不规范。 然后结合项目管理理论,将这些问题归纳为项目质量管理问题、项目人力资 源管理问题、项目风险管理问题、项目沟通管理问题,并运用层次分析法对这些 因子进行分析。最终根据不同的问题制定出优化方案并制定确保新流程顺利实施 的保障措施。通过对流程的优化,提高公司内部运转效率,提升公司项目管理水 平,提升员工的工作能力和积极性。提高公司在市场中的竞争力,为公司的继续 发展奠定基础,同时也拓宽了项目管理理论的应用范围,为同行业进行项目管理 流程优化提供参考。 关键词: 项目管理流程再造层次分析法 Abstract Manufacturingindustryisthemainbodyofnationaleconomy.Afterdecadesof rapiddevelopment,China'smanufacturingindustryhasmaderemarkable achievements.China'sstatusasamajormanufacturingcountryintheworldhasbeen recognizedbytheworld,butcomparedwiththewesterndevelopedcountries,China's manufacturinglevelstillhasacertaingap.Asahigh-levelrepresentativeofthe manufacturingindustry,automobilemanufacturinghasmadegreatprogressand developmentinChina,butsinceMay2018,automobilesaleshaveendedthe continuousgrowthof28years.Facingthecruelautomobilemarket,theautomobile relatedindustryobtainsthecompetitiveadvantagethroughcontinuousoptimization andinnovationinproductandservicequality,soastosurviveinthemarket. Asanenterpriseengagedinprovidingqualityservicestotheautomobileindustry, companyawasfoundedin2003.Aftermorethantenyearsofrapiddevelopment,it hasestablishedcooperativerelationswithmanyinternationalwell-knownenterprises. However,inthefaceofsevereindustryconditions,thecurrentprojectmanagement processofcompanyahasbeenunabletomeettheneedsofcustomers.Thispaper takescompanyaastheresearchobject,firstlycombingandanalyzingthecurrent projectmanagementprocesswiththecombinationofprojectmanagementtheory, usingliteratureresearchmethodandexpertinterviewmethod,andfindsoutthe problemsintheprocess:(1)unreasonablearrangementofprojectoperators;(2)uneven abilitylevelofprojectpersonnel;(3)inadequatepreprojectplanning;(4)project implementationmonitoringInadequate;(5)theinternalandexternalcommunicationof theprojectisdisordered;(6)theprojectqualitymanagementisnotstandardized. Thencombinedwiththetheoryofprojectmanagement,theseproblemsare summedupasprojectqualitymanagementproblems,projecthumanresource managementproblems,projectriskmanagementproblems,projectcommunication managementproblems,andtheanalytichierarchyprocessisusedtoanalyzethese factors.Finally,accordingtodifferentproblems,theoptimizationplanandthe guaranteemeasurestoensurethesmoothimplementationofthenewprocessare III formulated.Throughtheoptimizationoftheprocess,improvetheinternaloperation efficiencyofthecompany,improvetheprojectmanagementlevelofthecompany, andimprovetheworkingabilityandenthusiasmofemployees.Improvethe competitivenessofthecompanyinthemarket,laythefoundationforthecompany's continuousdevelopment,andalsobroadentheapplicationscopeofproject managementtheory,providingreferencefortheoptimizationofprojectmanagement processinthesameindustry. Keywords: ProjectmanagementProcessre-engineeringAHP 目录 第1章绪论................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景与意义............................................................................1 1.1.1研究背景................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意义................................................................................2 1.2国内外研究现状...........................................................................2 1.2.1国外研究现状........................................................................2 1.2.2国内研究现状........................................................................6 1.2.3简要评述..............................................................................10 1.3研究内容与方法.........................................................................10 1.3.1研究内容..............................................................................10 1.3.2研究方法..............................................................................11 第2章概念界定及理论基础.................................................................13 2.1项目管理概念与内涵..................................................................13 2.1.1项目管理的定义..................................................................13 2.1.2项目管理的特点..................................................................14 2.1.3项目管理的过程..................................................................14 2.1.4项目管理的内容..................................................................15 2.2流程再造理论..............................................................................17 2.2.1流程再造简介......................................................................17 2.2.2流程再造原则......................................................................17 2.2.3流程再造步骤......................................................................18 第3章A公司项目管理现状及问题分析............................................20 3.1A公司简介..................................................................................20 V 3.2A公司项目管理现状..................................................................21 3.2.1项目启动阶段.....................................................................21 3.2.2项目规划阶段.....................................................................22 3.2.3项目执行阶段......................................................................23 3.2.4项目监控阶段......................................................................23 3.2.5项目收尾阶段......................................................................24 3.3A公司项目管理流程问题分析....................................................24 3.3.1项目时间管理问题分析......................................................24 3.3.2项目人力资源管理问题分析..............................................25 3.3.3项目风险管理问题分析......................................................27 3.3.4项目沟通管理问题分析......................................................28 3.3.5项目质量管理问题分析......................................................29 3.4小结..............................................................................................30 第4章A公司项目管理流程优化设计..................................................31 4.1基于AHP的项目管理流程影响因素评价..................................31 4.1.1建立层次结构模型..............................................................31 4.1.2构造判断矩阵......................................................................31 4.1.3层次排序及一致性检验......................................................33 4.2项目质量管理流程优化..............................................................34 4.2.1项目质量计划优化..............................................................34 4.2.2项目质量审核流程优化......................................................35 4.2.3引入全面质量管理理念......................................................36 4.3项目人力资源管理流程优化......................................................39 4.3.1项目工程师的选择.................................................