随着我国市场经济在过去数年的高速增长，以及结构调整的不断深入，企业 间的竞争越来越激烈。采购管理作为供应链资源整合的有效手段，越来越受到各 企业的重视。尤其是大型制造集团想要在全球竞争中脱颖而出，就必须在采购成 本中占据引领地位。基于现有经济环境下如何科学的对生产性物料进行采购管理 以及选择何种采购策略，是企业采购管理和实践中的一个重要研究课题。 采购策略主要是基于企业发展战略的理论,根据企业的现状,以及该行业的特 点,在企业管理过程中实现终极目标“成本最小化和收入最大化”,帮助企业提升管 理水平。 本篇论文在阅读了大量有关集中采购管理和品类管理的文献资料基础上，从 采购差异化执行策略角度出发，对重工业巨头A集团的采购策略进行优化研究。 首先通过访谈及数据收集，介绍了A集团目前的采购管理现状，并对其中存在 的问题进行分析，分析发现这些问题的根源在于A集团选择了分散采购模式以 及对采购需求缺乏有效管理分类。其次，本文通过调研企业的实际采购数据，为 其创建集中采购管理模式，包括建立集中采购系统，采购团队、采购业务程序和 集中采购执行；在此基础上利用传统ABC物料分析法聚焦重点品类并有效识别 出可行性高的集中采购管理品类；通过Kraljic模型及棋盘博弈采购法研究工具， 对集中采购管理品类进行分类定位，匹配其对应的采购差异化执行策略。最后， 针对此集团采购策略优化方案，为其提出了具体的实施计划与保障措施。本文的 研究成果对于A集团采购管理优化具有一定的借鉴意义，也希望能对其他生产 制造集团在寻求集中采购管理及采购策略优化方面有所启发。 关键词：集中采购；品类管理；生产性物料；分类定位 III Abstract With the rapid growth of China's market economy in the past few years, as well as the deepening of structural adjustment, the competition between enterprises is becoming more and more intense. As an effective means of supply chain resource integration - Procurement management, more and more attention by the enterprises. In particular, large manufacturing groups want to stand out in the global competition, it is necessary to occupy a leading position in the procurement cost. Based on the existing economic environment how to scientific procurement management of production materials and choose what kind of procurement strategy, is an important topic of enterprise procurement management and practice. Most enterprises make purchasing strategies according to their development strategies，and the future of the industry, the cost of effective target rules, to achieve in the business management process "to minimize costs, maximize revenue" of the ultimate goal, to help themselves achieve lean management. On the basis of reading a lot of literature on category management and centralized purchasing management, this thesis is to optimize the purchasing strategy of Group A, a heavy industry giant, from the perspective of differentiated purchasing strategy. Firstly, through interview and data collection, the current purchasing management of Group A is introduced and the problems are analyzed. The analysis reveals that the root cause of these problems base on the decentralized purchasing mode and the lack of effective management classification of purchasing needs. Secondly, this paper creates a centralized procurement management model by analyzing the actual procurement data of the surveyed enterprises, including building centralized procurement organizational structure, procurement operation business process and centralized procurement implementation mode; on this basis, the traditional ABC material analysis method is used to focus on the key categories and effectively identify the highly feasible centralized procurement management categories; through the Kraljic model and the chessboard game procurement method, IV the traditional ABC material analysis method is used to focus on the key categories and effectively identify the highly feasible centralized procurement management categories; through the Kraljic model and the chessboard game procurement method, the traditional ABC material analysis method is used to focus on the key categories and effectively identify the highly feasible centralized procurement management categories; through the Kraljic model and the chessboard game procurement method, the traditional ABC material analysis method is used to focus on the key categories and effectively identify the highly feasible centralized procurement management categories. The research tool is used to classify and position the centralized purchasing management categories and match the corresponding purchasing strategy. Finally, the implementation plan and safeguards are proposed for Group A to optimize the purchasing strategy. The research results of this paper are of reference to the optimization of Group A's purchasing management, and are expected to inspire other manufacturing groups in their search for centralized purchasing management and purchasing strategy optimization. Keywords: Centralized procurement; Category management; Productive materials; Classification and positioning 目录 致谢........................................................................................................................ I 摘要....................................................................................................................... II Abstract ................................................................................................................ III 第1章 绪论.......................................................................................................... 1 1.1研究背景、目的与意义.......................................................................... 1 1.1.1 研究背景...................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 研究目的...................................................................................... 2 1.1.3 研究意义...................................................................................... 3 1.2国内外研究现状...................................................................................... 4 1.2.1 国外研究现状.............................................................................. 4 1.2.2 国内研究现状.............................................................................. 6 1.2.3 国内外研究现状评述.................................................................. 8 1.3相关理论.................................................................................................. 8 1.3.1 集中采购管理理论...................................................................... 8 1.3.2 品类管理理论.............................................................................. 9 1.3.3 ABC物料分析法........................................................................ 10 1.3.4 Kraljic模型 ................................................................................ 11 1.3.5 棋盘博弈采购法........................................................................ 11 1.4研究内容与思路.................................................................................... 12 1.4.1 研究内容.................................................................................... 12 1.4.2 研究思路.................................................................................... 13 1.5研究方法与创新点................................................................................ 13 1.5.1 研究方法.................................................................................... 13 1.5.2 创新点........................................................................................ 14 第2章 A集团生产性物料采购管理现状及问题分析 .................................... 15 2.1采购策略维度分析................................................................................ 15 2.2集团概况................................................................................................ 16 2.2.1 组织架构.................................................................................... 16 2.2.2 经营现状.................................................................................... 17 2.3 A集团生产性物料采购管理现状 ........................................................ 18 2.3.1 现有采购管理组织架构............................