进入二十一世纪的第二个十年，信息革命不断深入，电子科技广泛运用，社会生产 生活诸多领域发生着剧烈变化，一批批新兴的行业诞生并崛起。作 为近年来发展壮大的 网络外卖送餐服务这个新生事物，对全国广大城市居民的饮食选择和日常生活产生了巨 大的影响，逐渐成为了中国城市居民生活方式中不可或缺的一部分。 加上国家对于互联 网经济的肯定与扶植、群众对于送餐服务的需求不断扩大，外卖送餐行业正得到蓬勃发 展。众多城市外来务工人员在行情蒸蒸日上的状况下获得了全新的就业 机会，他们中的 大批年轻人被吸引进入到外卖送餐这个行业中来，许多青年通过做一名外卖送餐员融入 城市生活，走出实现人生理想的第一步。外卖送餐员这一新兴的社会群体 有其特殊的职 业特色和时代属性，日益成为城市居民生活的好帮手和社会生活中一个新角色。 外卖送餐员这一新兴职业群体，伴随着互联网经济的快速发展而逐渐兴起，近年来 受到社会大众的广泛关注。本文以广州市外卖送餐员为研究对象，通过问卷调查、深度 访谈等形式收集了外卖送餐员从业状况相关信息。调查表明，当前，外卖送餐员面临着 职 业发展不可持续、生活方式重复单调、社会角色边缘化等困境。为此，文章针对数据 分析的结论，从外卖平台企业的角度提出解决办法，旨在给外卖平台的长期发展提供合 理建 议，加强企业与外卖骑手之间的联系，明确两者之间的关系，加强外卖配送从业人 员的职业认同感，提高外卖配送的岗位形象。 关键词：外卖送餐员；生存现状；个人满意度； 改善建议 II Abstract Entering the second decade of the 21st century, the information revolution continues to deepen, electronic technology is widely used, many fields of social production and life have undergone drastic changes, and a batch of new industries are born and rise. As a new thing developed and expanded in recent years, online food delivery service industry has exerted a huge impact on the dietary choices and daily life of urban residents across the country, and has gradually become an indispensable part of the lifestyle of Urban residents in China. Coupled with the recognition and support of the Internet economy by the state and the increasing demand of the masses for food delivery services, the food delivery industry is booming. With the booming market, many urban migrant workers get new job opportunities. A large number of young people are attracted to the take-out food delivery industry. Many young people integrate into the city life by working as a take-out food delivery worker and take the first step to realize their dreams. As a new social group with its special professional characteristics and times, the take-out deliveryman has increasingly become a good helper of urban residents' life and a new role in social life. With the rapid development of the Internet economy, takeout deliverymen, a new professional group, has been widely concerned by the public in recent years. This paper takes food delivery workers in Guangzhou as the research object and collects relevant information about their working status through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. According to the survey, deliverymen are facing difficulties such as unsustainable career development, repetitive lifestyles and marginalised social roles. To this end, this paper puts forward solutions, aiming at providing reasonable and feasible personal development Suggestions for takeout deliverymen, reasonably planning their career, fully tapping their potential, and actively promoting the healthy development of the emerging professional youth group. Key Words: Take-away deliveryman; survival status; personal satisfaction; recommendations for improvement III 目 录 摘要 ......................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... II 图表目录 .................................................................................................................................. VI 第一章 绪论 .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 选题背景和研究意义 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 选题背景 ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 国内外相关研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 3 1.2.1 外卖行业的职业认同与生存状况研究 ................................................................... 3 1.2.2 择业行为研究 ........................................................................................................... 5 1.2.3 外卖行业的劳动保障研究 ....................................................................................... 5 1.2.4 外卖行业的安全问题研究 ....................................................................................... 6 1.2.5 从业状况调查分析方法 ........................................................................................... 7 1.3 研究内容、方法和技术路线 ....................................................................................... 10 1.3.1 研究内容 ................................................................................................................. 10 1.3.2 研究方法 ................................................................................................................. 10 1.3.3 论文结构 ................................................................................................................. 11 1.3.4 研究技术路线 ......................................................................................................... 11 第二章 外卖行业发展现状分析 ............................................................................................ 12 2.1 行业发展简介 ............................................................................................................... 12 2.1.1 行业发展历程 ......................................................................................................... 12 2.1.2 行业发展现状 ......................................................................................................... 13 2.2 外卖配送员与平台的关系 ........................................................................................... 14 2.3 平台与外卖配送员存在问题 ....................................................................................... 15 2.4 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 17 第三章 问卷的设计及外卖配送员工作 满意度因子分析 .................................................... 18 3.1 因子分析模型 ............................................................................................................... 18 3.2 问卷指标选取 ............................................................................................................... 18 IV 3.2.1 外卖配送员员工满意度评价指标体系 ................................................................. 18 3.2.2 问卷设计 ................................................................................................................. 20 3.2.3 调研区域、调研方法和抽样方法 ......................................................................... 20 3.3 问卷信度和效度分析 ................................................................................................... 21 3.3.1 信度分析 ................................................................................................................. 21 3.3.2信度分析 .................................................................................................................. 22 3.4 问卷反馈及样本基本信息 ..............................................................