冷 41 块为典型的深层巨厚块状边底水特-超稠油油藏，是辽河冷家堡油田的主力生 产区块之一。该块自 1995 年开始分上下两套层系分别采用 100m 井距反九点井网逐步投 入开发，在利用直井开发 13 年后油藏已进入到高轮次吞吐阶段。油藏压力低导致油井 吞吐产能下降、底水入侵导致储量损失严重等是目前该块面临的两大主要矛盾。为了从 根本上改善油藏的开发效果，实现油藏的持续有效开发，同时探索辽河油田深层稠油油 藏方式转换的有效途径，本研究在精细地质研究的基础上，充分结合国内外资料调研情 况，创新性地采用 SAGD 开发方式提高该油藏的采收率，并进行了有针对性的设计。 研究过程中综合运用油藏动态分析、测试资料分析、油藏工程、数值模拟、相似油 藏类比、经济评价分析等多种方法，立足油藏地质模型的精细描述，依据剩余油分布研 究成果，依靠目前热采稠油的注采工艺技术，突破常规思维，确定在该块采用直井+水 平井组合 SAGD 的方式开发，可大幅度提高油藏的采油速度及最终采收率。同时在区块 整体规划部署的基础上选择在油藏主体部位开展 4 个井组的 SAGD 先导试验，试验区面 积 0.098km 2 ，试验井上方油层平均厚度 88m，动用地质储量 90.8×10 4 t。试验预计可生 产 8 年，阶段产油量为 28.7×10 4 t，单井组峰值产量约为 47.2t/d，阶段平均日产油量 33t/d， 阶段的采出程度达到 31.6％，阶段油汽比 0.16。若试验成功，该课题的研究成果无论是 在本块还是在类似的油藏均有重要的指导和借鉴意义，将对辽河油田中深层稠油油藏吞 吐后开发方式的转换产生深远的影响。 关键词，边底水油藏；SAGD；深层稠油；方式转换；优化设计The Feasibility of SAGD Pilot Test in Block Leng41 ABSTRACT Block leng41 is a typical deep thick massive block reservoir, which is one of the most important edge and bottom extra-super heavy oil reservoirs in Lengjia Oilfield. Since 1995, the block developed by two series of strata in inverted nine-spot pattern with well spacing 100m. After 13 years, the reservoir stepped into later stage of cyclic steam simulation. There are two major problems which block the reservoir development, one is low reservoir pressure which makes the deliverability low, and the other is bottom water breakthrough which makes the reserve losing. In order to realize the long-term continuous development and find an effective way to deep heavy oil development mode conversion, the study carried out to SAGD reservoir design to enhance oil recovery by geological scrutiny and successful experiences in and abroad. During the research course, basis on the geological scrutiny and residual oil results, SAGD reservoir deign is optimized which combines vertical well with horizontal well by the reservoir dynamic analysis, testing materials analysis, reservoir engineering, reservoir simulation, comparative analysis for the similar reservoirs and economic evaluation. By this development mode, it broke the normal develop mode and creates the higher oil production rate and the ultimate recovery. According to the research, four pilot test SAGD well groups were deployed. The pilot test area is 0.098km 2 , reservoir thickness above the well is 88m and the OOIP is 90.8×10 4 t. By this mode, the SAGD well groups produce 8 years, and the 28.7× 10 4 t oil may produced. During the course, the peak oil production rate reaches to 47.2t/d, average oil production rate is 33t/d, enhanced oil recovery by 31.6% and the OSR is 0.16. The researches provide guidance and references to similar reservoirs. And at the same time, it has an important effect on development mode conversion for mid-deep heavy oil reservoir in Liaohe oilfield. Key words: edge/bottom water; SAGD; deep heavy oil reservoir; development mode conversion; reservoir design创新点摘要 1．创新性地探索并建立了厚层块状稠油油藏剩余油分布的研究方法，研究成果使 得油藏的下步开发更具有针对性。 2．通过地质精细研究，取得了油藏认识上的突破，进一步认清油藏地质体，特别 是油藏内部隔夹层的分布描述及其封隔能力的评价，为 SAGD 开发奠定基础。 3. 实现油藏 SAGD 生产方式下的全过程模拟计算，对其关键的影响因素进行针对性 的敏感性分析。 4．采用过热蒸汽技术，在深层稠油油藏中实现直井+水平井 SAGD 开发，解决了制 约深层稠油方式转换的技术瓶颈。 5. 首次针对深层块状稠油油藏设计 SAGD 开发试验方案，为类似油藏的方式转换提 供有价值的借鉴，对辽河油田的持续稳产具有重大的指导意义。目 录 摘要 .........................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................. II 创新点摘要............................................................................................................................. III 前 言........................................................................................................................................1 第一章 油藏概况......................................................................................................................2 第二章 油藏地质特征..............................................................................................................3 2.1 地层层序与层组划分...................................................................................................... 3 2.2 构造精细研究................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 小层沉积微相研究.......................................................................................................... 5 2.4 储层特征及非均质性研究............................................................................................. 7 2.5 隔夹层特征研究............................................................................................................. 9 2.6 油水分布规律及控制因素研究................................................................................... 10 2.7 流体性质....................................................................................................................... 11 2.8 油藏的温度和压力　................................................................................................... 11 2.9 储量计算........................................................................................................................ 11 第三章 开发效果分析............................................................................................................12 3.1 开采规律及特点............................................................................................................ 12 3.2 储层的动用程度分析................................................................................................... 14 3.3 开发中存在的问题....................................................................................................... 16 第四章 油藏剩余油分布研究................................................................................................18 4.1 剩余油分布研究........................................................................................................... 18 4.2 油藏水淹状况分析....................................................................................................... 19 4.3 剩余油分布形态及开发潜力分析............................................................................... 21第五章 方式转换可行性分析................................................................................................23 5.1 开发方式初筛选............................................................................................................ 23 5.2 现场工艺技术保障........................................................................................................ 24 5.3 数值模拟研究................................................................................................................ 24 第六章 SAGD 先导试验方案设计........................................................................................26 6.1 试验区的选择原则....................................................................................................... 26 6.2 试验区选择结果及依据............................................................................................... 26 6.3 SAGD 先导试验油藏工程设计 ............................................................