劳动教养制度从前苏联引进,目前作为世界独有的一项司法制度在中国的历史上己 经实行了 50多年。这一制度在建国初期对巩固国家政权起到了非常关键的作用,如今 在维护社会稳定,打击各种违法犯罪行为上也起到了十分关键的作用。 随着我国社会法制化进程的加快、国际上刑罚轻缓化、人性化的发展趋势,劳动教 养制度同一些法律条款相抵触,以及对待违法犯罪人员的公平性受到多方质疑。如何改 革这项制度是近年来的热门话题,甚至部分专家学者要求废除这项司法制度。 目前,社区矫正制度在欧美发达国家盛行,这一制度充分体现了刑罚社会化、经济 化、人道化的实质。2003年8月,按照相关文件的要求我国开始对被判处管制、缓刑、 假释、暂予监外执行和被剥夺政治权利的“五种人”试行社区矫正,从此拉开我国社区 矫正的序幕。大连市社区矫正工作开始于2005年底,目前有90%以上的司法所开展社 区矫正工作。截止到目前,大连司法所共接收社区矫正人员1196名,解除矫正569人, 并且矫正效果显著,没有一例再犯罪发生。 本文详细阐述大连市劳动教养存在的问题以及原因分析,结合大连市社区矫正取得 经验和成果,提出社区矫正替代现行劳动教养的论点。通过理论分析和实证调查法详细 论证社区矫正替代劳动教养的可行性。并结合自己的实际工作,构建劳教人员社区矫正 的模式。包括劳教人员社区矫正的审批、执行、矫TH内容、解除程序,并指出设计的劳 教人员社区矫正模式得以执行的必要保障。 报告从管理学的角度阐述社区矫正替代劳动教养的可行性。这种模式的构建保留了 劳动教养这一制度的功能性,同时也解决了这一制度存在的某些问题。对于建设现代司 法文明、构建和谐社会起到积极的作用。笔者相信在不久的将来,社区矫正这一制度必 将彻底取代现有的劳动教养制度。 关键词:劳动教养;社区矫正;司法改革 大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位报告 Feasibility study of Dalian City community corrections instead of re-education through labor Abstract Re-education through labor system introduced in the former Soviet Union has been practiced for more than 50 years as a judicial system unique in the history of China. This system played a very key role in the early days after the founding of the consolidated state power. Now, this system also played a very crucial role in the maintenance of social stability, fight against all illegal and criminal behavior. Along with the quickening of the legal process of our country society, The International Punishment developed of mitigation and human nature, the system of re-education through labor provisions with some law inconsistent, Treatment of offender's fairness received much doubt. How to reform this system is the hot topic in recent years. Even some experts and scholars require the repeal of the judicial system. Community correction system developed countries in Europe and the United States, the prevalence of this system fully reflects the essence of the penalty of social, economic,humane. In 2003 August, in accordance with the relevant documents, our country began the trial of community corrections, including control, probation, parole, temporary execution outside prison and deprived of political rights for “ five people Since then opened the prelude to China's community correction. Community correction work of Dalian city started at the end of 2005, there is currently more than 90% of Office of Justice Implement Community correction work, a total of 1,196 community corrections officers, lifting corrected 569 people, and corrective effect significantly, none of the crimes occurred. This paper describes the problems and why of reeducation through labor in Dalian City, Combination Community Corrections gain experience and results of Dalian city, proposed community corrections instead of the current reeducation-through-labor argument. Through theoretical analysis and empirical investigation demonstrated in detail the feasibility of community corrections instead of the current reeducation-through-labor. Combined with their own actual work, construction of community correction mode of the personnel of reeducation through labor. Including community corrections inmates' approval, execution, correction of content, the lifting of the program, and point out the mode of necessary protection of the personnel of reeducation through labor community correction. Papers expounded the feasibility of Community Corrections replacement re-education through labor from a management point of view. This mode retains the re-education through labor system functionality, while also addressing some of the problems that exist in this system. -II - 人腹r人7:(/會7:位1:7:位论义 This played an active role in the construction of a modern judicial civilization and building a harmonious society. I believe that in the near future, the community corrections system will completely replace the system of reeducation through labor. Keywords: re-education through labor; community corrections; judicial reform -in - 人连理工大学专业学位硕士学位报告 目 录 - I Abstract II i 1.1选题背景和目的意义 1 1.1.1选题背景 1 1.1.2研究的目的意义 2 1.2 文献综述 2 1.2.1劳动教养制度的法律地位和性质 2 1.2.2欧美社区矫TF.的理念和发展趋势 3 1.2.3国内社区矫IF.的认识和发展 4 1.2.4劳动教养制度改革观点 5 1.3 研究内容和方法 6 1.3.1研究内容 6 1.3.2 研究思路和方法 6 2大连市劳动教养的现状和改革的必要性 8 2.1 大连市劳动教养的现状 8 2.1.1大连劳动教养管理所的发展 8 2.1.2大连市劳动教养的审批和执行机构 8 2.1.3大连市劳动教养的执行情况 8 2.1.4大连市劳动教养管理所在教人员的数量和构成比例 9 2.1.5人连市劳教所在教人员心理分析 10 2.2 大连市劳动教养存在的问题 11 2.2.1大连巾劳动教养审批过程中存在的问题 11 2.2.2劳动教养的惩处太電而且过于严厉 11 2.2.3大连市劳动教养执行过程中存在的问题 12 2.2.4执行劳动教养的成本过高和改造的成效性不高 13 2.2.5 劳动教养监督不到位 13 2.3社区矫1丨:荇代劳动教养的必要性 14 2.3.1只有轻微违法犯罪行为的劳教人员更适合社区矫TH 14 人脑J :大学々业7:位硕丨:学位报告 2.3.2劳教人员心理期待社区矫iK 14 2.3.3实现司法目的和保障劳教人员人权的要求 14 2.3.4刑罚的人性化和轻缓化要求 15 2.3.5降低现行劳动教养成本的要求 15 2.3.6消除现行劳动教养封闭执行负面影响的要求 16 2.3.7更好的发挥劳动教养功能的要求 17 3社区矫正替代劳动教养的可行性论证 18 3.1社区矫正替代劳动教养的理论依掂 18 3.1.1刑罚人道性理论 18 3.1.2复归理论 18 3.1.3 监禁刑负面作用论 18 3.1.4行刑经济性理论 18 3.2社区功能的R益成熟成为劳教人员社区矫IH的支撑 19 3.2.1大连社区建设处于[1内先进水平 19 3.2.2社区功能FI趋完善 19 3.3大连市现行的社区矫正工作现状 19 4社区矫iH替代劳动教养的具体构想 23 4.1界定适合社区矫正的劳教人员 23 4.2社区矫正替代劳动教养遵循的原则 23 4.3劳教人员社区矫lH具体过程 24 4.3.1 批准和接收的过程 24 4.3.2 矫 IH 过程 25 4.3.3解除社区矫IH过程 27 4.4劳教人员社区矫丨E具体模式的可行性W谈和!U纳总结 28 ^ it 32