聚/表二元复合驱是聚驱后一项重要的进一步提高采收率技术。然而聚驱后油藏非均 质更加突出，剩余油分布更加零散，单一采用二元复合驱技术提高采收率潜力有限。井 网调整结合二元复合驱技术，可进一步扩大波及体积、提高驱油效率，因此，研究应用 井网调整二元复合驱技术，进一步挖掘聚驱后剩余油，具有重要的意义。 本文在深入研究聚/表二元复合驱驱油机理的基础上，综合考虑了聚合物和表面活性 剂驱油的增粘、吸附、扩散、渗透率下降、降低残余油饱和度等机理，建立了聚/表二元 复合驱数学模型。在与商业化软件 eclipse 对比验证的基础上，应用所建立模型开展了聚 驱后二元复合驱适应性研究，评价了聚驱后二元复合驱的井网和油藏适应性。研究了化 学剂性质参数（最大渗透率下降系数、可及孔隙体积系数、吸附、界面张力等）和开发 参数（注入时机、用量、注入浓度浓度、注入速度等）对聚驱后二元复合驱开发效果的 影响，并通过多元方差分析方法分析了各因素及交互作用对开发效果的影响次序。 利用低界面张力下相对渗透率曲线的处理方法，推导了低界面张力下的水相相对渗 透率计算公式。从流度设计的基本思想出发，结合聚合物的描述方法，建立了复合驱流 度设计模型。分析了影响流度控制最小聚合物浓度的的影响因素。借助正交试验设计， 拟合得出了二元复合驱注入能力模型。按照投入产出原理，建立了井网调整二元复合驱 可行性评价模型，分析了影响井网调整二元复合驱可行性的因素。 应用孤岛油田 Ng3 实际资料，计算得出了流度控制的聚合物浓度界限和开展聚驱后 井网调整二元复合驱提高采收率下限。结合数值模拟结果，优化了孤岛油田 Ng3 聚驱后 井网调整二元复合驱开发方案，分析了其开发可行性。 关键词：聚驱后，井网调整，二元复合驱，数值模拟，流度控制，可行性；ii Study on The Feasibility of Well Pattern Adjusting Surfactant-Polymer Flooding after Polymer Flooding （Oil & Gas Field Development Engineering） Directed by Prof. Liu Xiantai Prof. Jiang Ruizhong Abstract Surfactant-polymer flooding is an important enhance oil recovery. technology after polymer flooding.However, after polymer flooding reservoir non-homogeneous is more serious, the distribution of remaining oil is more dispersed.The potential for enhanced oil recovery is limited by using surfactant-polymer flooding alonebined with well pattern adjustment, surfactant-polymer flooding can further improve the Swept volume and displacement efficiency. Therefore,it is of great significance to study the well patt- ern adjusting surfactant-polymer flooding technology. In this paper,based on the In-depth study of surfactant-polymer flooding mechanic- sm,considering the increase of viscosity, inaccessible pore volume,adsorption interfacial tension, etc, a mathematical model of polymer flooding is established. Based on the comparation and verification ,using the model which is built, the well pattern and res- ervoir adaptability of surfactant-polymer flooding after polymer flooding is studied.The effects of chemical character parameters (the maximum permeability reduction factor , inaccessible pore volume, adsorption,interfacial tension, etc.)and development parameter- rs(injection timing, slug size, concentration, injection rate, etc) on the surfactant-polym- er flooding after polymer flooding are studied. By multivariate analysis, the affectting order of the factors and their interaction on development effectiveness are analyzed. Utilizing the treatment of relative permeability curves under low interfacial tensi- on，The formula for calculating the aqueous-phase relative permeability was derivated under low interfacial tension. Based on the basic idea of mobility designs and descrip- tions of polymer, a mobility design model for combination flooding was established.T- he factord that affect the minimum polymer concentration which meet the requirements of cont- roling the mobility are analyzed. With the help of orthogonal design, a injection capabi- lity model is fitted .Base on input-output principle, a evaluation model for feasibility of well pattern adjusting surfactant-polymer flooding is established. The factor that aff-iii ect the feasibility of well pattern adjusting surfactant-polymer flooding are analyzed. Based on the actual data of Ng3 unit of GuDao oilfield ,the circumscription of polymer concentration which control the mobility and recovery efficiency are calculate d bined with the results of numerical simulation ,the development plan for well pattern adjusting surfactant-polymer flooding after polymer flooding is optimized, the feasibility of its development is analyzed. Keywords:After polymer flooding ,Well pattern adjustment ,Surfactant-polymer flooding ,Numerical simulation ,Feasibility;iv 目 录 第一章 前言...............................................................1 1.1 研究的目的和意义 ....................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ......................................................2 1.2.1 井网调整提高采收率研究现状 ......................................2 1.2.2 二元复合驱提高采收率研究现状 ....................................3 1.3 研究内容 ............................................................5 1.4 技术路线 ............................................................6 第二章 二元复合驱数值模拟研究.............................................7 2.1 基本假设 ............................................................7 2.2 基本微分方程 ........................................................8 2.2.1 运动方程 ........................................................8 2.2.2 连续性方程 ......................................................8 2.2.3 辅助方程 ........................................................9 2.2.4 定解条件 .......................................................10 2.3 聚合物物化参数描述 .................................................11 2.3.1 聚合物溶液粘度 .................................................11 2.3.2 渗透率下降系数 .................................................12 2.3.3 不可及孔隙体积 .................................................12 2.3.4 聚合物吸附 .....................................................12 2.4 表面活性剂物化参数描述 .............................................13 2.4.1 界面张力 .......................................................13 2.4.2 毛管数 .........................................................13 2.4.3 相对渗透率曲线处理 .............................................14 2.4.4 毛管压力 .......................................................15 2.4.5 表面活性剂吸附 .................................................16 2.4.6 表面活性剂对水的增粘作用 .......................................16 2.5 数学模型求解 .......................................................16 2.6 模型验证 ...........................................................17 2.6.1 对比模型的建立 .................................................17 2.6.2 水驱模型对比 ...................................................18 2.6.3 聚合物驱模型对比 ...............................................20 2.6.4 二元驱模型对比 .................................................21 2.7 小结 ...............................................................23v 第三章 聚驱后二元复合驱适应性研究........................................24 3.1 典型数值模拟模型的建立 .............................................24 3.2 聚驱后二元复合驱井网适应性研究 .....................................26 3.2.1 井网形式 .......................................................26 3.2.2 井距 ...........................................................30 3.3 聚驱后二元复合驱油藏适应性研究 .....................................33 3.3.1 渗透率变异系数 .................................................33 3.3.2 平均渗透率 .....................................................35 3.3.3 垂向渗透率和韵律性 .............................................38 3.3.4 油层厚度 .......................................................41 3.3.5 原油粘度 .......................................................42 3.3.6 地层水含盐量 ...................................................44 3.3.7 适应性主因素分析 ...............................................46 3.4 小结 ...............................................................50 第四章 聚驱后二元复合驱影响因素研究......................................52 4.1 化学剂性质因素的影响