HEALTH, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COSTS
OF CHINA’S TOBACCO EPIDEMIC
The Bill China
Cannot Aford
HEALTH, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COSTS
OF CHINA’S TOBACCO EPIDEMIC
The Bill China
Cannot Aford
ISBN 978 92 9061 790 7
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Suggested citation. The bill China cannot afford: health, economic and social costs of China’s tobacco epidemic. Manila, Philippines: World
Health Organization Regional Offce for the Western Pacifc; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. 1.Smoking cessation. 2.Tobacco use disorder – economics, prevention and control.
I. World Health Organization Regional Offce for the Western Pacifc. II. United Nations Development Programme.
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Acknowledgements
This report was written by Angela Pratt (World Health Organization–WHO) and Andrea
Pastorelli (United Nations Development Programme–UNDP), with the support of Trinette Lee.
The modelling included in this report commissioned by WHO and UNDP was conducted by
Yang Lian (Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) and her colleagues Tehwei Hu,
Zhongzheng Mao and Qun Sun; Stéphane Verguet (Harvard University) and his colleagues Cindy
L. Gauvreau, Prabhat Jha, Lingrui Liu, Sujata Mishra, Gillian Tarr, Yue Xiao, Qiu Yingpeng and
Kun Zhao; and Christopher Millett (Imperial College London) and his colleagues Sanjay Basu
and Anthony Laverty. We are also grateful to the following colleagues who reviewed the report
and provided valuable feedback: Tom Carroll, Quan Gan, Mark Goodchild, Luminita Hayes,
Teh-Wei Hu, Judith Mackay, Susan Mercado, Jeremias Paul Jr., Vinayak Prasad, Nadia Rasheed,
Bernhard Schwartlnder, Roy Small, Ferdinand Strobel, Steve Tamplin, Kazuyuki Uji, Douglas
Webb, Xi Yin and Rose Zheng. Funding for this report was provided by WHO, with the support of
Bloomberg Philanthropies and UNDP.
Forewordii
Executive summary iv
1.Introduction 1
2.Economic and social costs of tobacco use in China 10
3.Economic and social benefts of tobacco control 16
4.The policy path to reducing tobacco use in China 24
5.Conclusions and recommendations 29
References32
Annexes35
A.Summary of
Economic costs attributable to smoking in China 2014
35
B. Summary of
Equity and poverty alleviation benefts of tobacco tax and smoke-free
workplaces in China: a modelling stud
y 39
C. Summary of
The policy path to reducing tobacco use
42
CONTENTS
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