摘要
顺应社会发展的需要，随着改革开放的不断深入、经济的不断发展，百年邮政面
临转变，中国的邮政体制改革也进入了一个新时期：政府管理部门和企业职能分开，
重新建立邮政管理局这一监管机构，组建邮政集团公司，速递物流公司、邮政储蓄银
行成立，专业公司参与市场竞争，每一步的变化都是为了邮政更好的发展。

百年邮政，其建立的根本就是普遍服务，受到这一理念及邮政已有网络、网路资
源分布特点的影响，邮政储蓄银行在成立之初即将自身定位为服务社区、服务“三农”、
服务中小企业，为大众提供基础金融服务的机构。邮政储蓄银行的体制和组织架构秉
承了邮政传统，成立时因人员、财务、设施、网点、普遍服务需求等多方问题，邮银
分家并未完全彻底，邮政公司仍然控制着 80%的邮政金融网点，用邮政储蓄的盈利补
贴普遍服务的亏损，继续发展邮政金融业务。邮政代理业务局应运而生，该机构隶属
邮政公司，协同邮政储蓄银行同级机构对辖内邮政代理金融机构进行管理，包括：业
务发展指导、业务发展统计、数据分析、邮政代理金融网点的合规经营等。

本文从世界各国邮政的改革出发，用类比法将邮政金融业务与其他国家邮政金融
机构的改革发展进行比较，明确改革的必要性，邮政代理业务局存在的必然性。然后
进一步深入分析邮政代理业务的优势与不足，以及邮政储蓄银行与代理业务局之间的
关系，明确代理业务局在业务上受制于邮政储蓄银行，在管理上受制于邮政集团的大
背景。

上海是“大城市、小农村”，城市人口密集，金融机构林立，行业竞争过度，邮
政代理业务同业比较优势不足。结合城市特点、经济社会结构差异、人文特征等，如
何立足于大都市，实现自身的生存与发展成为当前主要问题。本文逐层分析上海代理
金融发展的环境，提出网点转型的需求，并加以细分落实。同时结合邮政特色传统业
务，提出板块联动概念，从邮政特色出发，结合自身业务特点，提出业务拓展的新理
念。

关键词: 邮政；金融代理；发展战略
III
Abstract
As the fast development of economy and society, the deepening of reform and
opening up, Chinese postal system has entered a new era: detaching government and
enterprises, reconstructing regulators, building up Post Group Corporation, founding
express logistics company, establishing postal savings banks. Each of the changes is to get
better development of the postal system.
Effected by the traditional service concept and the distribution of postal network
resources, the Postal Savings Bank of China is positioned as a organization that serving
community, three rural, medium-sized and small enterprises, providing the public with
basic financial services. system and organizational structure of Postal Savings Bank of
China adhering to the traditional concept of the postal institution. Due to the multi issues as
inception of personnel, finance, facilities, outlets and universal service requirements, it has
not fully completed the separation of postal mailing and banking service, therefore postal
company still controls 80% of the postal financial outlets, keeping on developing postal
financial business, to eke out the loss of general postal service by the profit of postal
banking. Post Office financial services agency comes into being as an organization under
the postal company, collaborating peer institutions of postal savings bank of China within
its jurisdiction postal financial institutions agency management, including: business
development guidance, business development statistics, data analysis, financial outlets
postal agency compliance management and so on.
This paper, beginning with the summary of world postal reform, comparing the postal
financial agency business with the reform and development of other national postal
financial institutions by analogism, to make sure the necessity of postal reform and the
agency business bureau existence .Then this paper have a further in-depth analysis of the
strengths and weaknesses of Postal Savings Bank of China ,as well as direct relationship
between postal savings bank and agency business to define that financial agency service
business subject to the postal savings bank in the business, and also subject to the
background of postal Group in the management.Shanghai is the kind of Densely populated city ,
which is called big city, a small
rural .the city is full of excessive finance competition, in which postal savings banks is
lack of comparative advantage. Combined with urban characteristics, differences in
economic and social structures and cultural characteristics, how to keep a foothold in this
metropolis, to realize their own survival and development has become the main problem
presently. This paper bed-by bed analysis the Shanghai proxy financial business
development environment, proposes branch transformation needs to be broken down and
implemented. At the same time, combined with the characteristic traditional postal service,
this paper put forward the concept of linkage plate from postal characteristics and also
combined with their own business, proposes a new concept of business development.
Keywords: Post; Financial Agent; Development Strategy
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究背景
1.1.1 中国邮政的改革和现状
邮政业是承担寄递各类邮件这一普遍服务的，重要的社会公用事业；邮政网络是
基于业务需求而建设的国家重要的通信基础建设。邮政业在国民经济和社会发展中发
挥了重要作用。为顺应社会发展的需要，随着改革开放的不断深入、经济的不断发展，
百年邮政面临转变，中国的邮政体制改革也进入了一个新时期。

2005 年 7 月 20 日，在国务院常务会议上讨论通过了《邮政体制改革方案》，改
革的主要内容为：政府管理部门和企业职能分开，重新建立邮政管理局这一监管机构，
组建邮政集团公司；改革邮政主业，速递物流公司、邮政储蓄银行成立，以专业公司
参与市场竞争；完善邮政普遍服务机制、特殊服务机制、安全保障机制和价格形成机
制。《邮政体制改革方案》对指导新时期邮政改革发展具有十分重要的战略意义。

2007 年 1 月 29 日，中国邮政集团公司与国家邮政管理局同时挂牌成立。同年 3
月 20 日，中国邮政储蓄银行挂牌成立。2010 年 6 月 29 日，中国邮政速递物流股份
有限公司挂牌成立。至此，邮政主业改革初步实现，将普遍服务业务和竞争性业务进
行分开经营。实物流、信息流、资金流“三流合一”是邮政的渠道优势，中国邮政力
图充分发挥其优势，着力打造为社会提供邮政、速递物流、金融等综合服务的控股集
团公司。2011 年，中国邮政集团首次跻身世界 500 强行列，之后排名逐年提升。