随着国内房地产市场的调控,开发商对于商业地产抱有极大的开发热情。而政府
出于提升城市需求对购物中心的开发反应积极。与之相对应,国内消费疲软,大规模
的购物中心开发缺乏合理的消费支撑。购物中心将面临巨大经营压力,需要我们反思
购物中心选址的主要影响因素以指导后续选址工作。
论文尝试从购物中心选址所涉相关理论入手,从购物中心所在区域宏观环境及周
边微观环境两个方面探讨购物中心选址的影响因素。从结构看论文主要分为如下几个
部分:绪论主要提出了研究背景、论文研究的目的意义及结构安排;第二章描述了购
物中心的发展历史及其在各国的定义,阐述了购物中心选址涉及的各学科理论;第三
章根据购物中心选址涉及的理论分析购物中心选址的影响因素;第四章主要分析了友
谊股份购物中心内外部发展环境;第五章根据选址分析结论与企业实际内外部环境相
结合分析企业的选址区域,同时通过对效益较好和较差企业的选址情况进行分析印证
影响因素对于购物中心选址的实际效用。最后一部分是研究的总结及展望。
论文通过对购物中心相关理论的分析整理,形成选址的判断体系。结合企业现状,
寻求适合企业的选址方式,为购物中心选址提供可操作的影响因素判断。通过分析,
论文认为由于各种条件限制,友谊股份目前应将发展重点聚焦于长三角区域,同时注
重对拟选址项目周边生存环境、配套设施及竞争态势的分析判断,以确保区域性竞争
优势。
关键词: 购物中心;选址;友谊股份
Abstract
China&39;s retail formats is more and more diversifying, multielement experience,
leisure, shopping as one of the shopping center has become one of the main mode of
business in China. And as the domestic retail market is becoming more and more mature.
Also participate in the main body of retail competition increasingly diversified, including
traditional retail enterprises, established and emerging commercial real estate developers,
foreign capital retail group, traditional residential property developers and domestic and
international capital group, will be increasingly fierce competition in the industry.
As the domestic real estate market regulation and developers for development of
commercial real estate has high enthusiasm. And the government of demand for ascension
city shopping center development positive reaction. And at the same time, the weak
domestic consumption, the large-scale shopping center development, lack of rational
consumption. Shopping centre will be in the business, we need to reflect on the location of
the shopping center main influence factors to guide subsequent work location.
This article attempts from the shopping center location related theory of involved,
from the shopping center area macro environment and the surrounding environment two
aspects to explore the influencing factors on site selection of shopping centers. Look from
the structure of this paper is divided into the following several parts: the introduction
mainly presents the research background, research significance and the purpose of the
paper structure arrangement; The second chapter describes the development history of
shopping center and the definition of the countries in the world, this paper expounds the
shopping center location involves interdisciplinary theory; The third chapter according to
the shopping center location involves the theoretical analysis of influencing factors on site
selection of shopping center; The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the friendship shares
shopping center internal and external development environment; The fifth chapter
according to the actual location analysis and the enterprise internal and external
environment analysis of the combination of enterprise location area, at the same time,
through the benefit is good and poor enterprise location situation carries on the analysis of
influence factors for shopping center location of the actual utility. The final part of
theresearch summary and outlook.
Based on the analysis of the related theory of shopping center, the location of the
formation of judgment system. Within the present situation of enterprise, to seek for the
enterprise&39;s location, the influence factors of site for shopping centers to provide
operational judgment. Through analysis, the paper think that due to various constraints,
friendship shares the development emphasis should be focused on the Yangtze river delta
area, at the same time pay attention to the location of the projects to be surrounding
environment and supporting facilities and judging competition analysis, to ensure the
regional competitive advantage.
Keywords: shopping mall;location;shanghai friendship group incorporated company
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究背景
德勤和中国连锁经营协会联合发布的《2012 中国购物中心与连锁品牌合作发展
报告》显示,截至 2012 年 9 月,中国商业用房施工面积为 6 亿平方米。一般商业地
产施工需要 2-3 年建成,目前在建的项目将在 2015 年左右集中释放。截至 2011 年年
底,中国有 276 家新增购物中心,使全国开业购物中心总量达到 2812 家,累计商业
建筑面积达 1.77 亿平方米。报告称,2008 年以来,中国商业地产投资一直保持 15%
以上的增长态势。一般商业地产施工需要 2-3 年建成,目前在建的项目将在 2015 年
左右集中释放,未来商业地产市场饱和度还将提升,竞争持续加剧。
据 2012 年 7 月世邦魏理仕报告显示,目前中国购物中心的建设规模为全球之最,
在其所分析调查的 180 个城市中,有半数的在建购物中心位于中国。中国购物中心在
建规模位居全球第一,尤其是在大城市,扩张机会大好。在这种趋势的推动下,中国
将继续建设更多更好的购物中心,成为世界上最佳商业场所的聚集地。
进入 21 世纪以来,中国购物中心开始进入一个较快发展的时期,尤其在全球金
融危机之后,中国政府出台的一系列“扩大内需、促进增长”的政策对购物中心发展
形成了新的支撑,同时政府对房地产市场的大力压制也使得部分住宅房地产商转向商
业地产,使得 2010 年商业地产投资增速达到惊人的 30%,虽然 2011 年以来增速有所
放缓,但增长势头依然强劲,商业地产的野蛮生长也使得购物中心在 2010 年至 2012
年迎来了爆发性增长,在未来几年还将有更为惊人的发展速度。随着竞争的加剧,必
将有大量的商业地产由于资金链及经营能力等因素陷入困境,也给零售行业带来了重
新洗牌的机会,只有那些具备良好盈利能力的大型连锁商业才能存活。
从目前涉足商业地产的企业来看,主要包括:第一类是零售企业,如百联、银泰
等,多采用购地自建,租赁、合资等发展模式;第二类是熟悉零售行业的房地产企业,
如万达、首创等,多借助概念创新销售房产;第三类是传统房地产企业,多是为零售
企业风光表面及规模庞大现金流所迷惑,盲目投入商业地产项目。从现有商业地产经
营情况看,第一类企业稳扎稳打,拓展较慢,现金流稳定。第二类企业商业项目盈利
能力一般,但住宅等其他可售项目可掩盖其不足。第三类企业大都在缺乏专业选址及
规划,经营难以为继惨淡收场。各种类型企业竞相开发购物中心虽然表明购物中心 业
态具有广阔的市场前景,但同时也预示着在市场趋于饱和的区域,盲目的发展可能带