摘要
摘要
在全球经济一体化的不断发展中，越来越多的中国企业走出国门，开
展海外投资和跨国经营。伴随着中国汽车工业的腾飞，中国的汽车产业也
迎来了翻天覆地的变化，从 1953年自主建厂生产汽车伊始，中国的汽车企
业从最初的封闭发展模式，逐步走向了国际合作模式，而当前正处于海外
扩张模式的全面发展时期。现今中国已是全球第一大外国直接投资流出国，
海外投资规模不断壮大的同时海外投资风险也在与日俱增。面对复杂多变
的国际投资环境，许多企业的风险意识淡薄、风险应对能力不足，因此如
何强化海外投资风险防范的意识和提升风险应对的能力已成为中国企业高
度关注的重要课题。
J公司是一家从事进出口贸易的企业，凭借多年的海外市场经验，自
2009年开始在近十多年的经营时间内先后创立了4家海外公司，本文以J
公司为案例，对其海外投资活动进行风险分析、评估并据此提出相应的风
险防范措施。通过梳理 J公司海外投资面临的政治风险、经济风险、社会
文化风险和经营风险，构建具有二级指标的评价体系，利用层次分析法量
化 J公司的海外投资风险数据，得出政局环境变化风险、汇率波动风险及
技术风险是目前 J公司最为关注风险的结论，最后针对各类风险提出相应
的防范措施，通过加强关注双边动态、获取国家支持、合理运用金融产品、
提升海外员工归属感、明确海外投资战略定位、建立和完善风险管理机制
等措施以减少海外投资风险对 J公司的影响，保障未来可持续经营的能力。
希望本文可以给中国的汽车出口企业提供海外投资风险及防范方面的参考，
增强海外投资风险应对能力，在今后的海外投资活动中获得更多的企业竞
争优势，加快企业国际化发展进程。
关键词：海外投资；投资风险；风险评估；层次分析法；风险防范
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ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
In the continuous development of global economic integration, more and more
Chinese enterprises havegone abroad tocarry out overseas investmentand
transnational operations. With the take-off of China's automobile industry, China's
automobile industry has also ushered in earth-shaking changes, from the beginning
of independent construction of factories to produce automobiles in 1953, China's
auto companies from theinitial closed development model, graduallyto the
international cooperation model, and is currently in the overseas expansion model of
the comprehensive development period. Today, China is the world's largest outflow
of foreign direct investment, and the scale of overseas investment is growing, while
the risk of overseas investment is also increasing. In the face of the complex and
changeable international investment environment, many enterprises have a weak risk
awareness and insufficient risk response capabilities, so how to strengthen the
awareness of risk prevention of overseas investment and improve the ability to deal
with risks has become an important issue of great concern to Chinese enterprises.
J company is engaged in import and export trade enterprises, with many years
of overseas market experience, since 2009 in the past ten years of business has
established 4 overseas companies, this article to J company as a case, its overseas
investment activities for risk analysis, assessment and accordingly put forward
corresponding risk prevention measures.By combing the political, economic,
socio-cultural risks and operational risks faced by J Company's overseas investment,
constructing an evaluation system with secondary indicators, using analytic analysis
to quantify J's overseas investment risk data, it is concluded that the risk of political
environment change, exchange rate fluctuation risk and technical risk is currently the
risk that J Company is most concerned about, and finally puts forward corresponding
preventive measures forvarious risks, bystrengthening attention to bilateral
dynamics, obtaining state support, rational use of financial products, and enhancing
the sense of belonging of overseas employees. Clarify the strategic positioning of
overseas investment, establish and improve the risk management mechanism and
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ABSTRACT
other measures to reduce the impact of overseas investment risks on J Company and
ensure the ability to operate sustainably in the future. It is hoped that this article can
provide referencefor overseasinvestmentrisks andprevention forChina's
automobile export enterprises, enhance the ability to cope with overseas investment
risks, gain more competitive advantages in overseas investment activities in the
future, and accelerate the process of international development of enterprises.
Key Words: Overseas investment; Investment risk; Risk assessment; Analytic
Hierarchy Process; Risk prevention
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