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分类号U D C
密级 编 号
硕士学位论文
基于专利计量的企业竞合关系演化研究
Research on evolution of competition-cooperation relationship
of enterprises based on patent bibliometric
学位申请人:李翔宇
指 导 教 师 : 温芳芳 副教授
一 级 学 科 : 工商管理
二 级 学 科 : 企业管理
学 位 类 别 : 管理学硕士
2022 年 5 月 独创性声明
本人声明,所呈交的论文是我个人在导师指导下完成的研究工作及取得的研
究成果。据我所知,文中除了特别加以标注和致谢的地方外,不包含其他人已经
发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包含为获得河南科技大学或其它教育机构的其他
学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已
在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。
研究生签名:
日期:2022 年 5 月 29 日
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日期:2022 年 5 月 29 日摘要
摘 要
2019 年 9 月,习近平总书记在 G20 峰会上关于世界经济形势的发言指出:
“真正认清‘一荣俱荣、一损俱损’的连带效应,各国要树立命运共同体意识,
在竞争中合作,在合作中共赢。”国家如此、企业亦然。企业在面对竞争对手时,
不再只关注其竞争性,更多的是关注竞争企业能够给自身带来什么益处甚至创造
价值,经济全球化趋势越来越显著,企业通过合作实现与竞争企业共存的现象也
越来越明显。由专利合作申请与专利诉讼形成的竞合关系是企业间重要的创新技
术流动资源,借助竞合关系及其网络增进企业之间技术交流、突破创新局限,已
经成为企业提高企业创新能力的有效途径。因此,在企业专利的视角下,探讨企
业之间的竞合关系,对增进企业竞争力与发展能力等方面有重要的指导意义。
本文选择 2020 年入选《财富》杂志“世界 500 强企业”榜单的 3 家网络通
讯设备企业作为主要研究对象,分别是思科技术公司、诺基亚公司和华为投资控
股有限公司,并从智慧芽专利数据库下载网络通讯设备企业的专利数据,利用
Gephi0.9.2 软件基于专利合作申请数据以及专利诉讼数据构建企业竞合网络进行
可视化分析,通过竞合关系网络图历时分析以及企业专利技术历时分布热力图分
析,探究企业竞合关系的演化路径、总结不同企业动态演化特征、归纳竞合关系
影响因素最终得出企业竞合关系的演化机理。
研究结果显示:(1)从样本企业1971-2019 年的专利合作申请情况来看,
整体上华为技术有限公司拥有相对较强的合作能力以及较为广泛的合作关系,与
多个企业尤其是国外企业的广泛合作使得其拥有研究范围内最多的合作专利申请
数据。(2)根据样本企业1971-2019 年的专利诉讼情况,发现三家网络通讯设
备企业在不同时间段内的竞争强度的变化关系。(3)从样本企业1971-2019 年
的专利竞合关系来看,三家公司主要呈现出协调关系和弱关联关系的竞合特点。
(4)总结出了三家网络通讯设备公司不同的竞合关系演化过程,并发现企业竞
合关系演化呈现出三个显著特征,并在此基础上展开了企业竞合关系演化动因分
析。最后,以竞合关系为视角提出了在新科技环境下,助力企业发展的建议。
关 键词:专利计量,竞合,社会网络分析,正和博弈
论文类型:基础研究
选题来源:其他
I ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
September 2019,in a speech on the world economic situation at the G20 summit,
Xi said that “To truly understand the knock-on effect of ‘all rise together, all fall
together’, countries should foster a sense of community of destiny, cooperate in
competition and win-win through cooperation”. The same is true for countries and
businesses. With the rapid pace of economic globalization and the vigorous
development of modern science and technology, more and more enterprises realize the
value of the existence of competitors and begin to make effective use of them, they
take advantage of their differences and co-operate to create a competitive pattern of
symbiosis and coexistence. The co-opetition network formed by Patent Cooperative
Application and patent litigation is an important flow resource of innovative
technology among enterprises, it has become an effective way for enterprises to
improve their innovative ability. Therefore, from the perspective of patent, it is of great
significance to discuss the competition and cooperation among enterprises in order to
improve their competitiveness and development ability.
In this paper, we choose three companies of network communication equipment,
which are listed on Fortune 500 list in 2020, as the main research objects. They are
Cisco Technology Company, Nokia Company and Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.
Company, the patent data of the network communication equipment enterprise is
downloaded from the intelligent bud patent database, and the competitive and
cooperative network of the enterprise is built based on the patent cooperation
application data and the patent litigation data with Gephi0.9.2 software for visual
analysis, through the analysis of the competition-cooperation network diagram and the
thermodynamic diagram of the patent technology diachronic distribution, this paper
explores the evolution path of competition and cooperation, summarizes the dynamic
evolution characteristics of different enterprises, summarizes the influencing factors of
competition and cooperation, and finally obtains the evolution mechanism of
competition and cooperation.
The results show that: (1) judging from the patent cooperation of the sample
enterprises from 1971 to 2019, the overall Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. has relatively
strong cooperation ability and relatively broad cooperation relationship, the extensive
cooperation with many enterprises, especially foreign enterprises, makes it have the
III ABSTRACT
most cooperative patent application data in the scope of research. (2) according to the
Patent Litigation of the sample enterprises from 1971 to 2019, we find the relationship
between the competition intensity of the three network communication equipment
enterprises in different periods. (3) from 1971 to 2019, the three companies mainly
showed the characteristics of coordination and weak relevance. (4) this paper
summarizes the different evolution paths of the competition-cooperation relationship
among the three network communication equipment companies, and finds that the
evolution of the competition-cooperation relationship presents three remarkable
characteristics, on the basis of which, the paper analyzes the evolution motivation of
the competition-cooperation relationship. Finally, from the perspective of competition
and cooperation, this paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the
development of enterprises in the new scientific and technological environment.
Keywords: Patent bibliometric; Competition and cooperation; Social network
analysis; Positive sum game
Dissertation type: Basic research
Subject source: Other
IV