中小企业是国民经济和社会发展的生力军，是建设现代化经济体 系、推动经济实现高质量发展的重要基础，也是扩大就业、改善民生 的重要支撑，在国民经济建设中发挥了重要作用，对增强我国经济的 长期竞争力意义重大。但从实际情况来看，中小企业融资难和融资贵 的问题日益突出，在很大程度上钳制了中小型企业的进一步发展，从 而间接性的导致我国地方性的经济增长速度过慢。所以，尽快解决中 小型企业融资问题，既是就业、居民收入增长的基础，也是居民预期、 社会预期的基础。 本研究主要是针对于中小型企业贷款难问题进行全面分析，选择 株洲市的部分中小型企业作为研究对象，在全面梳理中小企业贷款产 品开发现状的基础上，指出了中小企业贷款难的主要原因是担保贷款 产品单一、贷款成本较高、银行信贷业务局限性大、担保机构综合实 力不强、企业竞争力偏弱、社会政策方面不完善等。运用企业生长周 期理论和产品生命周期理论提出担保贷款产品创新设计，以及基于 4p营销理论的产品营销策略。提出了金融机构应加大针对于中小企 业的担保贷款产品创新力度，降低对于中小企业的融资门槛，加强对 担保贷款产品的风险控制和产品实施效果的动态监测，不断进行产品 完善；其次，中小企业应该提高自身核心竞争力；再次，我市政府应 该加大对我市中小企业的扶持力度，对我市当前所现行的担保监管机 制进行整改与完善。 关键词： 中小企业；担保贷款；产品生命周期；产品创新 III ABSTRACT Small and medium-sized enterprises, as the mainstay of our national economy, have effectively promoted the development of the national economy. Small and medium-sized enterprises are important foundations for building a modern economic system and promoting economic development. It is also an important support for expanding employment and improving people's livelihood. It plays an important role in the national economic construction and is of great significance in enhancing the long-term competitiveness of China's economy. The booming development of small and medium enterprises has effectively eased the problem of difficult employment in China, improved the living standards of the general public to a certain extent, and consolidated the stability of the social environment. From this point of view, the vigorous development of small and medium-sized enterprises for China's economic development, social stability has a more important practical significance. As far as the actual situation is concerned, the problem of financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is becoming more and more prominent. This has largely restrained the further development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and indirectly led to the slow growth of local Chinese economy. Therefore, to solve the financing problem of SMEs as soon as possible is IV not only the basis of employment and income growth, but also the basis of residents'expectations and social expectations. This research is mainly aimed at the problems of small and medium-sized enterprises in China to conduct research and analysis, zhuzhou city small and medium-sized enterprises as the research object, the small and medium-sized enterprises in the region to carry out an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the current situation of loans. Based on a detailed understanding of the status quo of small and medium-sized enterprises in zhuzhou and the current status of loans for small and medium-sized enterprises, it is pointed out that the main reasons leading to the difficulty of loans for Small and medium-sized enterprises are the single guarantee loan product, high loan cost, insufficient competitiveness of enterprises, and insufficient government credit support for Small and medium-sized enterprises. Using product life cycle theory, we propose the innovative design of secured loan products, design product marketing strategy based on 4P marketing theory. Combined with the actual situation of small and medium-sized enterprises in Zhuzhou, relevant pertinent suggestions are put forward.First of all, financial institutions should strengthen the innovation of guaranteed loan products for small and medium-sized enterprises, reduce the financing threshold for small and medium-sized enterprises, strengthen the risk control of guaranteed loan products and the dynamic V monitoring of product implementation effect, and constantly improve their products. Secondly, small and medium-sized enterprises should improve their core competitiveness. Thirdly, the municipal government should increase the support for SMEs in our city, and rectify and improve the current security supervision mechanism in our city. Key Words: SMEs, Secured loan,Product life cycle,Product innovation VI 目 录 摘要........................................................................................................................... II ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. III 第一章 绪论.................................................................................................................. 1 1.1选题背景与研究意义....................................................................................... 1 1.2国内外研究现状............................................................................................... 2 1.2.1国外研究现状......................................................................................... 2 1.2.2国内研究现状......................................................................................... 4 1.2.3研究述评................................................................................................. 5 1.3研究方法与主要内容....................................................................................... 6 1.3.1研究方法................................................................................................. 6 1.3.2技术路线................................................................................................. 7 1.3.3主要内容................................................................................................. 8 第二章 相关概念和理论基础...................................................................................... 9 2.1主要概念........................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1中小企业................................................................................................. 9 2.1.2担保贷款产品....................................................................................... 10 2.2理论基础......................................................................................................... 10 2.2.1贷款融资相关理论............................................................................... 10 2.2.2产品生命周期理论............................................................................... 12 2.2.3 4P营销理论 ......................................................................................... 14 第三章 株洲市中小企业担保贷款及产品现状分析................................................ 15 3.1株洲市中小企业担保贷款成本分析及产品现状......................................... 15 3.1.1担保贷款成本分析............................................................................... 15 3.1.2担保贷款产品现状............................................................................... 18 3.2从产品角度剖析株洲市中小企业贷款难的原因......................................... 20 3.2.1企业竞争力不适应高门槛担保贷款产品要求................................... 20 3.2.2银行提供的担保贷款产品局限性大................................................... 21 3.2.3其它担保机构提供的担保贷款产品少............................................... 21 3.2.4担保贷款产品实施政策不完善........................................................... 22 第四章 株洲市中小企业担保贷款产品的方案设计................................................ 24 4.1创新的原则..................................................................................................... 24 4.2单一担保贷款产品设计................................................................................. 24 4.2.1产品种类.........................................................