- I - 摘要 山海关船舶重工有限责任公司（以下简称山船重工）作为一个以修造船为主业 的大型国有企业，在2008年以来的金融危机中也不可避免的遇到了一些困难，需要 通过合理制定发展海洋工程装备制造的战略来对冲修造船风险，消耗过剩产能，形 成新的经济增长点，从而帮助企业渡过危机，重新走上健康发展的道路。 本文利用PEST分析法，波特五力分析法，IFE和EFE矩阵分析法，以及SWOT 分析法等定量和定性的战略理论分析方法，对山船重工自身的优势和劣势，以及企 业在外部所面临的机会和威胁进行全面分析，选择和制定山船重工发展海洋工程装 备制造的战略，并提出该战略的具体实施方案和保障措施。 首先，运用PEST分析法和波特五力分析法对企业所处的宏观环境和行业内竞争 环境进行分析，并运用EFE矩阵定量分析企业面临的机会和威胁，从而全面客观的 掌握企业所面临的外部环境。 其次，全面细致的介绍了企业的自身情况，并采用IFE矩阵定量分析企业自身 的优势和劣势，从而得到企业的真实情况。 再次，使用SWOT分析法全面分析了企业内外部的各个因素，并对得出的一系 列组合战略进行分析评述。 经上述分析最终确立山船重工发展海洋工程装备制造应选择混合型战略，战略 方针确定为：通过建设专业的人才队伍和管理体系，严格控制项目成本和潜在的风 险，培育健全的市场和代理网络，最终形成多个系列化的海工建造项目产品线。并 制定了详细的战略实施保障措施来为上述战略的顺利实施保驾护航。 本文的分析和结论对于山船重工发展海洋工程装备制造具有一定的现实意义和 应用价值，同时对于相关行业的其他企业也具有一定的借鉴意义。 关键词：海洋工程；装备制造；发展战略；SWOT分析 燕山大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - II - Abstract Shanhaiguan Shipbuilding Industry Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as SHGSIC) as a large state-owned enterprise mainly engaged in ship repair and shipbuilding, has inevitably encountered some difficulties in the financial crisis since 2008. It is necessary to hedge the risk of ship repair and shipbuilding by formulating a reasonable strategy to develop offshore engineering equipment manufacturing, Consume excess production, forming a new economic growth point, thus helping enterprise to tide over the crisis, and re-embark on the road of healthy development. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of SHGSIC and the opportunities and threats it is facing outside by using the methods of PEST analysis, Porter's five-force analysis, IFE and EFE matrix analysis and SWOT analysis. Then make the development strategy of offshore equipment manufacturing, and the implementation plan and safeguard measures of the strategy. Firstly, PEST and Porter's five-force analysis are used to analyze the macro-environment and intra-industry competition environment of SHGSIC, and then a EFE matrix is used to quantitatively analyze the opportunities and threats faced by SHGSIC, so as to comprehensively and objectively figure out the external environment faced by SHGSIC. Secondly, A comprehensive and detailed introduction of the SHGSIC's situation, and the use of IFE matrix quantitative analysis of the SHGSIC's strengths and weaknesses, so as to figure out the true situation of SHGSIC. Thirdly, SWOT analysis method is used to comprehensively analyze the internal and external factors of the enterprise, and a series of combination strategies are analyzed and commented. Finally, Based on the above analysis, the mixed strategy should be chosen for the development of offshore engineering equipment in SHGSIC. The strategic is to strictly control the project cost and potential risks, build a sound market and agency network,build a professional personnel and management system, then eventually form a series of Abstract - III - Abstract continuous offshore engineering construction projects, And then build a detailed strategy implementation safeguard measures to escort the smooth implementation of the strategy. The analysis and conclusion of this paper has certain practical significance and application value for the development of offshore engineering equipment in SHGSIC. At the same time, it has certain reference significance for other enterprises in related industries. Keywords: offshore engineering; equipment manufacturing; development strategy; SWOT analysis 目 录 - V - 目 录 摘要...........................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................II 目 录.........................................................................................................................V 第1章 绪论................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题背景及研究意义........................................................................................1 1.1.1 选题背景....................................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究意义....................................................................................................2 1.2 国内外研究现状................................................................................................2 1.2.1 国外研究现状............................................................................................2 1.2.2 国内研究现状............................................................................................4 1.3 研究内容及研究方法........................................................................................6 1.3.1 研究内容....................................................................................................6 1.3.2 研究方法....................................................................................................6 第2章 山船重工外部环境分析................................................................................8 2.1 宏观环境分析....................................................................................................8 2.1.1 政治环境分析............................................................................................8 2.1.2 经济环境分析............................................................................................9 2.1.3 社会环境分析..........................................................................................11 2.1.4 技术环境分析..........................................................................................12 2.1.5 外部机会与威胁分析（EFE矩阵）......................................................12 2.2 行业环境分析..................................................................................................14 2.2.1 供方议价能力...........................................................................................15 2.2.2 买方议价能力分析...................................................................................17 2.2.3 潜在进入者分析.......................................................................................17 2.2.4 替代品的威胁分析...................................................................................18 2.2.5 行业内竞争者分析...................................................................................18 2.2.6 全球海洋工程装备市场分析...................................................................20 2.3 本章小结..........................................................................................................24 第3章 山船重工内部环境分析..............................................................................25 3.1 发展历程及公司概况......................................................................................25 燕山大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - VI - 3.2 设备设施状况..................................................................................................26 3.3 公司财务状况..................................................................................................29 3.4 人力资源状况..................................................................................................30 3.5 企业文化情况..................................................................................................31 3.6 质量和安全管理............