当前人类面临诸多环境和经济问题。废弃物的排放导致的空气、土壤和水源 的污染，导致地球生态遭到破坏。另外，产品资源匮乏导致供应不足，资金回笼 变慢，也进一步威胁着企业和社会的安全。人们对于循环经济（CE）和产品回收 的研究也越发关注。 本文主要研究了考虑消费者绿色回收行为的制造商回收策略。回收策略选择 包括以下三种情况：制造商回收；第三方回收；不回收。我们通过比较不同情形 下制造商回收策略的优劣，给出企业利润最优时的回收策略选择。此外，我们也 分析了回收策略和消费者绿色回收行为的关系，并讨论了企业回收再制造活动对 于环境的影响。 分析结果表明，由于不同的定价策略和回收产品的异质性（即产品加价成本 和废旧产品的残值），应采取对应最优的回收策略，我们在文中给出了企业最优 的回收策略选择，即在不同水平的产品加价成本和废旧产品的残值的情况下，提 供企业利益最大化的回收策略。此外，我们还考虑了消费者考虑到制造商自身的 利润绩效和生产的环境问题，进一步分析了废旧产品可再制造能性水平对回收策 略的影响，我们发现，如果制造商能够确定产品的再制造能力，企业会更偏向于 选择第三方进行产品回收。与此同时，我们进一步分析了消费者环保意识对于企 业最优策略的影响，通过比较回收量和回收产品单位排放的关系，发现了回收量 和产品单位排放的负相关关系，进一步得出企业的相关策略选择。紧接着我们分 析了不同回收策略环境绩效的最优选择，给出了环境绩效最优的策略选择，分析 了产品残值对于企业回收中环境绩效的影响。最后，我们考虑了政府对于企业的 约束作用，分析了政府对于企业回收行为的强制约束下，即在出台相关环境政策 要求企业在回收层面义务性的针对市场现有产品的废弃回收，进而分析企业回收 策略和企业利润的影响，我们也得到了此时企业回收的最优策略选择。 关键词：回收策略，绿色回收行为，产品可再制造性，环境改善，环境政策 III RECYCLING STRATEGIES OF A REMANUFACTURING SYSTEM CONSIDERING CONSUMERS’ GREEN-RE- TURN BEHAVIOR Abstract At present, human beings are facing many environmental and economic prob- lems. The pollution of air, soil and water caused by the discharge of waste leads to the destruction of the earth's ecology. In addition, the lack of product resources leads to insufficient supply and slow return of funds, which further threatens the security of enterprises and society. People pay more and more attention to the research of CE and product recycling. This paper mainly studies the manufacturer's recycling strategy considering the consumer's green recycling behavior. The selection of recycling strategy includes the following three situations: Manufacturer recycling; third-party recycling; non recy- cling. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the manufacturer's recycling strategy under different circumstances, we give the optimal recycling strategy selec- tion when the profit of the enterprise is maximize. In addition, we also analyze the re- lationship between recycling strategies and consumers' green recycling behavior, and discuss the impact of recycling and remanufacturing activities on the environment. The analysis results show that due to different pricing strategies and the hetero- geneity of recycled products (i.e. the cost of product markup and the residual value of waste products), we should adopt the corresponding optimal recycling strategy. In this paper, we give the optimal recycling strategy choice of the enterprise, that is, to pro- vide the recycling strategy of maximizing the enterprise's interests in the case of dif- ferent levels of product markup costs and the residual value of waste products. In ad- dition, we also consider the profit performance and production environment of the manufacturer, and further analyze the impact of remanufacturability level of waste products on the recycling strategy. We find that if the manufacturer can determine the remanufacturability of the product, the enterprise will prefer to choose a third party for product recycling. At the same time, we further analyze the impact of consumer IV awareness of environmental protection on the optimal strategy of enterprises. By com- paring the relationship between the recovery volume and the unit emissions of recy- cled products, we find the negative correlation between the recovery volume and the unit emissions of products, and further obtain the relevant strategy selection of enter- prises. Then we analyze the optimal choice of environmental performance in different recycling strategies, give the optimal choice of environmental performance, and ana- lyze the impact of product residual value on environmental performance in enterprise recycling. Finally, we consider the government's constraint on enterprises, and ana- lyze the government's mandatory constraint on enterprises' recycling behavior, that is, when the government issues relevant policies, enterprises are required to voluntarily recycle the existing products in the market at the recycling level, and then analyze the impact of enterprise recycling strategies and corporate profits. We also get the optimal strategy selection of enterprise recycling at this time.