在新一代信息技术高速发展和国家大力倡导智慧城市建设的背景下，智慧水务承载着信 息化社会中的“绿色发展、环境治理、生态文明”，进而实现可持续发展的历史使命，为实 现可测量、可视化、多级高效联动的水务信息化运营管理模式，改善城市的生产和生活环境， 提升水资源的使用效率，推进智慧城市向着“低碳、绿色、和谐”和可持续发展的方向发展 起着至关重要的作用。如何在“互联网+智慧治水”的背景下把新信息技术应用与城市水务市 场商业模式相结合，通过管理机制设计把社会公众有效参与信息化治水的积极性调动起来, 构建智慧水务建设与市场机制相融合的可持续发展模式及其政策体系，在智慧城市发展中就 显得尤为重要。 首先，研究根据智慧水务研究背景与研究意义，从利益主体共同参与的视角，对我国智 慧水务概念界定的基础上，详细梳理了国内外有关城市水务及其信息化管理的文献资料和述 评，提出了对智慧水务建设与市场管理问题进行实证研究的必要性；其次，根据文献综述及 课题组实地调查结果，从宏观层面分析了我国目前智慧水务发展的基本情况，发现智慧城市 的水务管理也正处于从数字信息化阶段向智慧化阶段迈进，水务市场行业的社会需求及市场 潜力比较大，与现有智慧技术的应用与开发不对称等现象，表现出智慧发展中的“重建设， 轻应用，重模仿，轻研发”等建设理念，水务市场的信息共享机制并未完全实现，导致社会 有效参与智慧城市水务治理的积极性不高，缺乏有效的激励与参与机制；再次，通过对社会 利益主体的划分，将其分为政府管理部门、水供应商、用水企业及普通居民四大部分，构建 了基于分层理论对应的智慧水务建设与市场嵌入管理的基本框架，并从微观层面，以浙江省 杭州市为例，运用Logistics和Probit模型，对智慧水务利益主体的参与意愿及其影响因素进 行了实证分析，结果发现：市场嵌入背景下影响智慧水务不同利益主体参与行为的因素主要 包括水价稳定性，社会网络覆盖率，周围人参与比率，信息化程度，以及自身条件特征等， 其中除自身条件特征外，其余变量因素均为显著正相关；样本中不同利益主体参与智慧水务 建设意愿比例仅为63.21%，社会公众参与意愿尚有待提高，通过影响因素分析发现社会公众 对智慧水务的认知度及社会资本投入严重不足。最后构建出智慧水务利益主体参与机制，通 过权责分配机制、信息沟通机制、监督机制、激励机制与保障机制来提高利益主体的参与积 极性，并结合浙江省台州市、杭州市、绍兴市、温州市与宁波市的案例进行说明，提出加强 智慧水务宣传和提升水务信息化水平等相应的政策建议。 关键词：智慧水务，市场嵌入，利益主体，参与机制 杭州电子科技大学硕士学位论文 II ABSTRACT Under the background of the rapid development of the new information technology and the support of the state, smart water carries the historical mission of "green development, environmental governance, ecological civilization" in the information society, and then realizes the sustainable development. In order to achieve the measurable, visible, multi-level and efficient linkage of water information operation and management mode, smart water plays a crucial role in improving the production and life of the city Environment, improving the efficiency of water resources use, and promoting the development of smart city towards the direction of ‘low-carbon, green, harmonious" and sustainable development. How to combine the application of new information technology with the business mode of urban water market under the background of "Internet + smart water control", and to mobilize the initiative of the public to participate in the informatization of water management through the management mechanism design, and to build a sustainable development mode and policy system that integrates the smart water construction and market mechanism, is particularly important in the development of smart city. First of all, according to the research background and significance of smart water, from the perspective of the participation of stakeholders, based on the definition of the concept of smart water in China, the paper sorts out the literature and comments on urban water and its information management at home and abroad, and puts forward the necessity of empirical research on smart water construction and market management. Secondly, according to the literature review, it puts forward the necessity of empirical research on smart water construction and market management. Based on the field survey results of the research group, this paper analyzes the basic situation of China's current smart water development from the macro level, and finds that the water management of smart cities is also moving forward from the digital information stage to the smart stage. The social demand and market potential ratio of the water market industry is large. The application and development of existing smart technologies are asymmetric, and it shows the construction concept of "emphasizing construction, neglecting application, emphasizing imitation and neglecting research and development". The water market mechanism has not been fully realized, which leads to the low enthusiasm of the society to participate in the water governance effectively and the lack of effective incentive and participation mechanism. Thirdly, through the division of social stakeholders, it is divided into four parts, including government management departments, water suppliers, some companies using water and ordinary residents. The basic framework of smart water construction and market embedded management based on the hierarchical theory are given. At the micro level, taking Hangzhou city of Zhejiang Province as an example, using logistics and probit model, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the participation willingness and 杭州电子科技大学硕士学位论文 III influencing factors of smart water stakeholders. The results show that, with market embeddedness, the factors affecting the willingness of different stakeholders to participate in smart water mainly include water price stability, social network coverage, the participation rate of surrounding people, the degree of informatization, and their own conditions, among which the other variables are significantly positively correlated except for their own conditions; The willingness ratio of different stakeholders to participate in smart water construction is 63.21%, and the unwilling participation ratio is 36.79%. The willingness of public participation needs to be improved. Because the public lack the understanding about smart water and there are the serious shortage of social capital investment. Finally, the paper constructs the participation mechanism of the stakeholders of smart water. In order to improve the participation enthusiasm of stakeholders, the participation mechanism can be divided into five parts, including the power and responsibility distribution mechanism, information communication mechanism, supervision mechanism, incentive mechanism and guarantee mechanism. And by using the case of Taizhou City, Hangzhou City, Shaoxing City, Wenzhou City and Ningbo City in Zhejiang Province, the paper makes some policy recommendations, such as improving publicity of smart water and improving the level of water service informatization. Keywords: smart water, market embeddedness, stakeholder, participation mechanism 杭州电子科技大学硕士学位论文 IV 目 录 摘要 ............... I ABSTRACT .... II 目 录 ............ IV 第1章 引言 .... 1 1.1 研究背景与研究意义........... 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ........................ 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ........................ 2 1.2 研究目的与主要内容........... 2 1.2.1 研究目的 ........................ 2 1.2.2 主要内容 ........................ 2 1.3 研究方法与研究框架........... 3 1.3.1 研究方法 ........................ 3 1.3.2 研究框架 ........................ 4 1.4 研究创新点与不足............... 5 1.4.1 可能的创新点 ................ 5 1.4.2 不足 . 6 第2章 理论基础与文献综述 ....... 7 2.1概念界定及相关理论 ........... 7 2.1.1 概念界定 ........................ 7 2.1.2 相关理论基础 ................ 8 2.2研究动态及其相关综述 ..... 10 2.2.1 有关智慧水务建设及管理实践的研究综述 ............................ 10 2.2.2 有关公共产品社会参与行为的研究综述 . 11 2.2.3 有关社会参与机制的研究综述 ................. 12 2.3 文献评述............................. 12 第3章 智慧水务行业发展概况及浙江社会参与现状 ........................... 14 3.1 智慧水务行业发展环境..... 14 3.1.1 政策环境为