文本描述
1979 年到 2019 年,我国经济年均增长率远高于同期世界经济的年均增速。钢铁是国计 民生的支柱性产业,在过去大力发展国家基础设施的 40 年里,钢铁产品使用量巨大,但钢 铁行业在最近几年产能过剩,需求拉动有限。钢铁供大于求,矛盾凸显。有些钢铁企业本身 也在寻求市场上的突破,不再寄厚望于代理商,成立自己的直销部门,产品和服务在向下延 伸,使得处于钢铁行业供应链中间的钢铁贸易企业的生存空间被进一步压缩。在互联网高速 发展的今天,钢贸企业也急需摈弃以钢铁产品为中心的营销模式,对钢铁需求客户进行妥善 管理,实施以客户为中心的精准营销。 本研究首先介绍研究的背景及目的,接着通过文献研究法介绍精准营销理论和用户画像 工具。介绍完 A 钢贸电子商务公司后,通过问卷调查方法,找出 A 钢铁贸易公司以产品为中 心的营销模式中存在的问题;通过访谈钢铁行业专家、公司高管、公司职员来分析 A 钢贸公 司营销问题的原因;最后,本研究认为 A 钢贸公司利用收集的大量数据,通过对这些数据进 行多维度深度分析,为用户制作标签,提出运用制作好的用户标签,实施以客户为中心的营 销模式来解决 A 钢贸公司在营销上出现的问题。 本研究从 A 钢贸公司现状出发,提出通过数据驱动精准营销解决公司中的营销实际问 题,从而为公司节省营销费用,提高用户粘性。并希望以此为典型案例,为其他企业实施数 据驱动精准营销提供借鉴。 关键词:精准营销、数据驱动、钢铁贸易、用户画像、客户管理II Abstract During the years from 1979 to 2019, China's economic growth was much higher than that of the world economy during the same period. In the past 40 years of rapid economic growth in our country, the use of steel products has been huge. However, with the changes in the steel structure in recent years, there has been an overcapacity of steel production, and the relationship between steel supply and steel demand is obvious.Some steel enterprises themselves are looking for market breakthroughs,They no longer place high hopes on agents and set up their own direct sales departments.Productsandservicesareextendingdownward,whichmakes thesteeltradeenterprise's living space further shrinks. It is urgent for steel trade enterprises to change from the traditional marketing mode focusing on steel products to the precise marketing mode focusing on developing customers of steel demand. The first part of this paper introduces the background and purpose of the research, and the second part introduces the related theories of precision marketing.After the introduction ofASteel Trading e-commerce Company,problems in the product-centered marketing model of A Steel Trading e- commerce Company were found out through questionnaire survey. Through interviews with steel industry experts, company executives and company staff to analyze the reasons for marketing problems of ASteel Trading e-commerce Company;Finally,this study believes that ASteel Trading e-commerce Company uses a large amount of data collected, through the data of these multi- dimensional in-depth analysis, make labels for users, put forward the use of user labels, the implementation of customer-centered marketing model to solve the marketing problems of ASteel Trading e-commerce Company. Based on the current situation of A Steel Trading e-commerce Company, this research proposes to solve the actual marketing problems in the companythrough data-driven precision marketing, so as to save the company's marketing costs and improve user stickiness. And hope to take this as a typical case to provide reference for otherenterprisestoimplement data-drivenprecisionmarketing.III Key words: Precision marketing,Data-Driven,Steel trade,User profile,Customer managementIV 目 录 摘要....................................................................... I 目 录...................................................................... IV 第一章 绪论.................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景、目的和意义 ................................................. 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ....................................................... 1 1.1.2 研究目的 ....................................................... 1 1.1.3 研究意义 ....................................................... 1 1.2 研究内容及思路 ....................................................... 2 1.3 研究方法 ............................................................. 2 1.3.1 文献研究法 ..................................................... 3 1.3.2 访谈调查法 ..................................................... 3 1.3.3 定标比超法 ..................................................... 3 1.4 论文组织结构 ......................................................... 3 第二章 精准营销相关综述...................................................... 4 2.1 数据驱动 ............................................................. 4 2.2 用户画像 ............................................................. 5 2.2.1 用户画像的构建作用 ............................................. 6 2.2.2 用户画像的构建思路 ............................................. 7 2.2.3 用户画像的构建原则 ............................................. 7 2.3 精准营销综述 ......................................................... 8 2.3.1 国外精准营销综述 ............................................... 9 2.3.2 国内精准营销综述 .............................................. 10 2.3.3 精准营销与传统营销的比较 ...................................... 11 2.4 通过数据驱动进行用户画像 ............................................ 12 2.5 用户画像下的精准营销 ................................................ 13 2.6 本章小结 ............................................................ 15 第三章 A 公司营销存在的问题及分析 ........................................... 16 3.1 A 公司概述 .......................................................... 16 3.1.1 钢铁行业概述 .................................................. 16 3.1.2 A 公司经营情况 ................................................ 17 3.1.3 A 公司组织架构 ................................................ 18 3.1.4 A 公司运作流程 ................................................ 20 3.2 公司营销概述 ........................................................ 20 3.2.1 A 公司产品情况 ................................................ 20 3.2.2 A 公司产品价格情况 ............................................ 21 3.2.3 A 公司销售渠道情况 ............................................ 21 3.2.4 A 公司产品促销情况 ............................................ 21 3.3 用户问卷调查:帮助发现营销中存在的问题 .............................. 22 3.3.1 问卷设计 ...................................................... 22 3.3.2 问卷结果 ...................................................... 22 3.4 A 公司营销存在的问题 ................................................ 24V 3.4.1 营销投入不足 .................................................. 24 3.4.2 客户管理缺失 .................................................. 24 3.4.3 产品定价话语权不足 ............................................ 25 3.4.4 产业增值效应低 ................................................ 26 3.5 访谈:帮助发现营销问题的原因 ........................................ 28 3.5.1 访谈设计 ...................................................... 28 3.5.2 访谈结果总结 .................................................. 30 3.5.3 A 公司营销中问题的主要原因 .................................... 32 3.5.4 访谈结论:A 公司需要以客户为中心通过数据驱动进行精准营销 ...... 32 3.6 本章小结 ............................................................ 32 第四章 A 公司营销优化方案 ................................................... 33 4.1 基于数据驱动精准营销的必要性和可行性 ................................ 33 4.1.1 基于数据驱动精准营销的必要性 .................................. 33 4.1.2 基于数据驱动精准营销的可行性 .................................. 34 4.2 力求用户画像精准 .................................................... 36 4.2.1 用户画像数据采集 .............................................. 37 4.2.2 用户画像数据分析 .............................................. 38 4.2.3 用户画像标签生成 .............................................. 40 4.3 客户管理 ............................................................ 42 4.3.1 客户分级 .................