人力资源作为企业宝贵的资源之一，其价值和作用越来越受到企业的重视。 对于一家生产制造型企业而言，无论是技术类员工还是技术型、管理型员工都十 分稀缺，这个让众多企业求贤若渴，因此企业间也不断的展开员工抢夺的斗争， 市场上招揽不到合适的人才，企业留不住有用的人才，甚至已经影响到企业的正 常运转，因此研究人才流失对于企业运营具有重要意义。 本文以GD卷烟厂人才流失为研究对象，全文共分成六个部分。第一部分， 主要是选题的背景、意义、国内外研究现状及研究思路。第二部分主要是相关概 念及研究综述，对人才流失及相关理论基础进行综述。第三部分GD卷烟厂人才 流失现状分析，GD卷烟厂概况、人才流失现状及影响。第四部分GD卷烟厂人 才流失原因分析，基于问卷调查分析和访谈记录各类员工流失的原因。第五部分 针对各类员工流失原因，设计相应的人才流失应对策略。第六部分是结论及展望。 本文研究结论：生产制造企业中针对不同类型职位的员工应该采取不同的措 施。技术类员工，要注重薪酬福利及培训方面的改进；针对工艺质管类员工，除 了薪酬福利、员工培训外，还应该注重部门沟通、职业发展空间等方面的改进； 针对卷烟机维修员工，除了技术类、工艺质管类方面的措施外，还应该注重企业 文化建设。只有充分树立人力资源管理的先进思想，甚至要进一步将人力资源管 理上升到企业的战略高度，与企业的其他战略目标相互配合，实现企业竞争力的 本质提升。 关键词：GD卷烟厂；人才流失；生产制造企业 II ABSTRACT Asavaluableresourceoftheenterprise,thevalueandfunctionofhuman resourceshavebeenpaidmoreandmoreattentionbytheenterprise.Fora manufacturingenterprise,whetheritisproductionoperationstaffortechnicaland managementpersonnelareveryscarce,thisletmanyenterprises.Therefore enterprisesconstantlyexpandpersonnelsnatchstruggleonthemarkettoattractthe righttalent,enterpriseskeepusefultalent,hasevenaffectedtothenormaloperationof theenterprise,sotheresearchoftalentlossisofgreatsignificancefortheenterprise operation. ThispapertakesthebraindrainofGDcigarettefactoryastheresearchobject, andthefulltextisdividedintosixparts.thecurrentresearchsituationathomeand abroadandtheresearchideas.Thesecondpartismainlyrelatedconceptsandresearch reviews,andsummarizesthebraindrainandthetheoreticalbasis.Thethirdpartof GDcigarettefactorybraindraincurrentsituationanalysis,GDcigarettefactory generalsituation,thecurrentsituationandinfluenceofbraindrain.Thefourthpartof theGDcigarettefactorybraindraincausesanalysis,basedonthequestionnaire surveytoanalyzethereasonsforthelossofallkindsofemployees.Thefifthpart,in viewofthereasonsforthelossofallkindsofemployees,designthecorresponding copingstrategiesofbraindrain.Thesixthpartistheconclusionandtheprospect. Theconclusionofthispaperisthatdifferentmeasuresshouldbetakenforthe employeesofdifferenttypesofpositionsinthemanufacturingenterprises.The operationstaff,shouldpayattentiontotheimprovementofsalaryandwelfareand training;forworkshopmanagers,inadditiontosalaryandwelfare,stafftraining, shouldalsofocusonimprovingdepartmentalcommunication,suchasthe developmentofspaceoccupation;forofficestaff,inadditiontotheproduction operation,theworkshopmanagementmeasures,shouldalsopayattentionto enterprisecultureconstruction.Onlybyfullyestablishingtheadvancedthoughtof humanresourcemanagement,andevenfurtherincreasingthehumanresource managementtothestrategicheightofenterprises,canwecooperatewithother strategicobjectivesofenterprisestoachievetheessenceofenterprise competitiveness. Keywords:GDcigarettefactory;braindrain;manufacturingenterprise III 目录 摘要.................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................II 1绪论............................................................................................................................1 1.1选题背景及意义.............................................................................................1 1.1.1选题背景..............................................................................................1 1.1.2选题意义..............................................................................................1 1.2研究内容及方法.............................................................................................2 1.2.1研究内容..............................................................................................2 1.2.2研究方法..............................................................................................3 1.3本文的创新之处..............................................................................................4 2相关理论与研究综述................................................................................................5 2.1国企人才的涵义及流失危害..........................................................................5 2.1.1国有企业人才的涵义及特征..............................................................5 2.1.2国有企业人才流失的危害...................................................................5 2.2理论基础.........................................................................................................6 2.2.1激励理论...............................................................................................6 2.2.2绩效管理理论.......................................................................................7 2.2.3组织承诺与心理契约...........................................................................8 2.3国内外研究现状.............................................................................................9 2.3.1国外研究现状......................................................................................9 2.3.2国内研究现状......................................................................................9 3GD卷烟厂人才流失现状分析................................................................................12 3.1GD卷烟厂概况.............................................................................................12 3.1.1GD卷烟厂简介..................................................................................12 3.1.2GD卷烟厂组织结构..........................................................................12 3.1.3GD卷烟厂人力状况..........................................................................13 3.2GD卷烟厂人才流失现状.............................................................................15 3.2.1GD卷烟厂2015-2017年人才流失特点............................................15 3.3GD卷烟厂人才流失的影响.........................................................................16 IV 3.3.1对生产运行的影响............................................................................16 3.3.2对GD卷烟厂运行的影响................................................................17 3.3.3对员工士气的影响............................................................................17 4GD卷烟厂人才流失原因分析................................................................................19 4.1问卷设计及调查............................................................................................19 4.1.1问卷的设计........................................................................................20 4.1.2问卷的调查........................................................................................20 4.1.3样本概况............................................................................................21 4.2问卷检验及分析...........................................................................................22 4.2.1信度效度检验....................................................................................22 4.2.2描述性统计........................................................................................24 4.2.3差异性分析........................................................................................24 4.2.4相关性分析.........................................................................................31 4.3问卷分析结果整理.......................................................................................35 4.4访谈记录整理.........................................................................