精准扶贫是针对不同贫困区域环境、不同类型贫困农户，运用科学有效程 序对扶贫对象实施精确识别、精确帮扶、精确管理的治贫模式，精准扶贫是全 面建成小康社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴的重要保障。普惠金融的服务宗旨是 为低收入人群提供低成本可持续的金融服务，其服务对象、服务理念与精准扶 贫具备内在一致性，通过信贷服务、农业保险等路径可有效支持精准扶贫的深 入开展。 S县地处豫东平原南部，是河南省普惠金融试点县之一，是全国集中连片特 殊困难地区大别山片区扶贫开发重点县，是开展普惠金融和精准扶贫的典型县。 对S县普惠金融支持精准扶贫开展调查研究有以下实际价值：一是助推S县绝 对贫困人口的减少与精准扶贫工作的有效开展，提高贫困人口脱贫质量与脱贫 稳定性；二是为S县后期普惠金融支持辖区内相对贫困问题的破解提供参考借 鉴；三是有助于推动S县全面建成小康社会。 本文首先对S县普惠金融发展现状以及普惠金融支持精准扶贫现行政策、 主要扶贫模式等进行阐述；其次，采用问卷调查法、访谈法调查研究后发现， 当前S县普惠金融支持精准扶贫工作中存在如下问题：一是普惠金融宣传有效 性不足；二是“金融机构+贫困户”资金扶贫渠道不畅通；三是普惠金融发展不 均衡；四是金融扶贫“中介”带贫能力弱；五是金融机构开展金融扶贫积极性 不高。究其原因主要在于：一是贫困户年龄大，文化水平低；二是缺少产业扶 贫龙头企业；三是普惠金融服务站建设成本高，管理难度大；四是扶贫贷款“性 价比”低。基于此，文章提出如下对策建议：第一，多举措夯实贫困户自我脱 贫内生能力；第二，依托产业扶贫企业提升金融扶贫实效性；第三，切实提升 金融机构扶贫积极性；第四，完善普惠金融支持精准扶贫的配套举措。 关键词：精准扶贫；普惠金融；问卷调查；访谈调查 V Abstract TargetedpovertyalleviationisapovertycontrolmodelthatUSESscientificand effectiveprocedurestoaccuratelyidentify,assistandmanagethepoorinaccordance withdifferentpoorareasandfarmers.Targetedpovertyalleviationisanimportant guaranteeforthebuildingofamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespectsandthe greatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.Theservicepurposeofinclusivefinanceis toprovidelow-costandsustainablefinancialservicesforlow-incomepeople.Its serviceobjectsandserviceconceptsareinherentlyconsistentwithtargetedpoverty alleviation,whichcaneffectivelysupportthein-depthdevelopmentoftargeted povertyalleviationthroughcreditservices,agriculturalinsuranceandother approaches. Locatedinthesouthernpartoftheeasternhenanplain,Scountyisoneofthe pilotcountiesofinclusivefinanceinhenanprovince.Itisthekeycountyofpoverty alleviationindabiemountainarea,acontiguousareawithspecialdifficulties,anda typicalcountytocarryoutinclusivefinanceandtargetedpovertyalleviation.In-depth researchonthefinancialinclusionsupportfortargetedpovertyalleviationinScounty hasthefollowingpracticalvalues:first,topromotethereductionofabsolutepoverty populationinScountyandtheeffectiveimplementationoftargetedpoverty alleviationwork,soastoimprovethequalityandstabilityofpovertyalleviation;The secondistoprovidereferenceforthelaterperiodoffinancialinclusioninScountyto supportthecrackingoftherelativepovertyinthejurisdiction;Third,itwillhelpS countybuildamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects. Firstly,thispaperexpoundsthecurrentsituationofthedevelopmentofinclusive financeinScounty,thecurrentpoliciesofsupportingtargetedpovertyalleviationby inclusivefinance,andthemajorpovertyalleviationmodes.Secondly,through questionnairesurveyandinterviewsurvey,thefollowingproblemsarestillfoundin thetargetedpovertyalleviationworksupportedbyinclusivefinanceinScounty. Second,"financialinstitutions+poorhouseholds"fundpovertyalleviationchannels arenotsmooth;Third,theimbalanceddevelopmentofinclusivefinance;Fourth,the VI financialpovertyalleviation"intermediary"abilitytobringpovertyisweak;Fifth, financialinstitutionsarenothighlymotivatedtocarryoutfinancialpoverty alleviation.Thereasonsareasfollows:first,thepoorhouseholdsareoldandhave loweducationallevel;Second,thelackofindustrialpovertyalleviationleading enterprises;Thirdly,theconstructioncostofinclusivefinancialservicestationishigh andthemanagementisdifficult.Fourth,thepovertyalleviationloan"cost performance"islow.Basedonthis,thearticleputsforwardthefollowing countermeasuresandSuggestions:first,moremeasurestostrengthentheendogenous capacityofthepoorhouseholdsthemselvesoutofpoverty;Second,relyonindustrial povertyalleviationenterprisestoimprovetheeffectivenessoffinancialpoverty alleviation;Third,enhancetheenthusiasmoffinancialinstitutionsforpoverty alleviation;Fourth,improvesupportingmeasurestosupporttargetedpoverty alleviationthroughfinancialinclusion. Keywords:targetedpovertyalleviation;inclusivefinance;Questionnairesurvey; Interviewsurvey VII 目录 摘要.......................................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................................II 绪论.......................................................................................................................................................1 一研究背景...............................................................................................................................1 二研究目的及意义................................................................................................................2 三研究的理论支撑................................................................................................................3 四研究内容、方法及思路....................................................................................................7 五创新与不足之处................................................................................................................8 第一章S县普惠金融支持精准扶贫的现状描述................................................10 第一节S县普惠金融发展现状........................................................................................10 一金融服务全覆盖............................................................................................................10 二普惠授信效率高............................................................................................................11 三普惠金融产品不断创新...............................................................................................11 第二节S县普惠金融支持精准扶贫的现行政策......................................................11 一扶贫小额贴息政策........................................................................................................11 二“巧媳妇”支持政策........................................................................................................12 三“脱贫助力贷”政策........................................................................................................12 第三节S县普惠金融支持精准扶贫的主要模式......................................................13 一“扶贫再贷款+带贫主体”模式...............................................................................13 二“政府+银行+”模式...................................................................................................14 三“四位一体”风险分担补偿模式..................................................................................15 第二章S县普惠金融支持精准扶贫的调研设计................................................16 第一节调研对象、时间及过程介绍.............................................................................16 一调研对象介绍...........................................................................................................16 VIII 二调研时间及过程介绍...................................................................................................16 第二节调查问卷及访谈大纲设计.................................................................................18 一调查问卷设计................................................................................................................18 二访谈大纲设计................................................................................................................21 第三节样本总体描述.............................................................................