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I 摘要 党的十九大报告指出,2020年我国将实现脱贫攻坚战略目标。为实现这一战略 目标,根据国家总体部署和要求,各地依据“精准扶贫、精准脱贫”基本方略,全面聚 焦深度贫困地区工作,加强组织领导,强化资源保障,加大政策支持力度,全力以赴 打好脱贫攻坚战。因此,当前研究深度贫困地区如何完成脱贫攻坚目标任务,补齐经 济社会发展短板,实现全面建成小康社会的发展目标具有重要的现实意义。 本文依据产权理论、三权分离理论、委托代理理论,深入实地研究某市深度贫困 地区农民专业合作社在脱贫攻坚中的促进作用,研究其法人治理结构优势和不足,以 此实现上述理论应用方面的有益探索。 本文选取某市具有代表性的深度贫困乡H乡为研究样本,依据法人治理结构有 关理论,深入分析H乡12家农民专业合作社存在的问题及原因,提出相应的对策建 议,为推动某市深度贫困地区农民专业合作社高质量发展助力。其主要研究内容为: 第一部分重点介绍研究背景及意义,明确了研究内容、方法及技术路线。第二部分梳 理国内外有关文献资料,评述研究现状。第三部分详细介绍相关概念和理论基础。第 四部分选取具有代表性的H乡作为调查样本,研究H乡贫困状况、现行脱贫措施及 成效。第五部分对H乡农民专业合作社存在问题进行原因分析。在法人治理结构方 面的原因是法人治理结构配置不完善、法人治理结构运转不规范、成员民主管理执行 有偏差、民主监督作用难以发挥,盈余分配激励性不够。第六部分针对原因,提出完 善法人治理结构、优化营商环境等对策建议。 研究表明,推动深度贫困地区农民专业合作社高质量发展的关键要素是完善法人 治理结构和优化营商环境。在完善法人治理结构方面:要健全组织机构,夯实治理结 构;完善章程制度,确保规范运行;强化民主管理、杜绝“少数人”控制;加强内部 监督,维护成员利益;合理分配收益,实现利益共享。在优化营商环境方面,要大力 发展特色产业,扩大市场需求;完善配套法规制度,强化服务指导;加大财政金融力 度,提供资金支持;加强外部监管力度,促进规范运行;深入推进示范社创建,发挥 引领作用;建立人才培养机制,提升成员素质。 关键词:脱贫攻坚;深度贫困;农民专业合作社;法人治理结构 Abstract III Abstract Thereportofthe19thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinapointedout thatin2020Chinawillachievethestrategicgoaloffightingpoverty.Inordertoachieve thisstrategicgoal,inaccordancewiththeoverallnationaldeploymentandrequirements, alllocalitieswillfocusontheworkindeeplyimpoverishedareasinaccordancewiththe basicstrategyof“precisepovertyalleviationandtargetedpovertyalleviation”,strengthen organizationalleadership,strengthenresourceguarantees,increasepolicysupport,andgo alloutDoagoodjobfightingpoverty.Therefore,itisofgreatpracticalsignificanceto studyhowtoaccomplishthegoalsandtasksofpovertyalleviationinthedeeply impoverishedareas,supplementtheshortcomingsofeconomicandsocialdevelopment, andrealizethedevelopmentgoalsofawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway. Basedonthetheoryofpropertyrights,theseparationofthreerights,andthe principal-agenttheory,thispaperstudiesindepththepromotionroleoffarmers' professionalcooperativesinadeeplyimpoverishedareaofacityinpovertyalleviation, andstudiestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofitscorporategovernancestructureinorder toachievethetheoreticalapplicationUsefulexploration. Thispaperselectsarepresentativedeep-poortownshipHinacityasaresearchsample, andin-depthanalysestheproblemsandcausesof12farmers'professionalcooperativesin H-townaccordingtotherelevanttheoriesofcorporategovernancestructure,andproposes correspondingcountermeasurestopromotethedepthofacity.Thehigh-quality developmentoffarmers'professionalcooperativesinpoorareashashelped.Themain researchcontentsareasfollows:Thefirstpartfocusesontheresearchbackgroundand significance,andclarifiestheresearchcontent,methodandtechnicalroute.Thesecond partsortsoutrelevantdomesticandforeignliteratureandreviewstheresearchstatus.The thirdpartintroducestherelatedconceptsandtheoreticalbasisindetail.Thefourthpart selectstherepresentativeHtownshipasasurveysampletostudythepovertysituation, currentpovertyalleviationmeasuresandeffectivenessoftheHtownship.Thefifthpart analyzesthereasonsfortheproblemsofthefarmers'professionalcooperativesinH Township.Thereasonsforthecorporategovernancestructurearethatthecorporate governancestructureisnotfullyconfigured,thecorporategovernancestructureisnot functioningproperly,themembershaveabiasedimplementationofdemocratic 重庆理工大学硕士学位论文 IV management,theroleofdemocraticsupervisionisdifficulttoplay,andtheincentivesfor surplusdistributionareinsufficient.PartVIproposescountermeasurestoimprovethe corporategovernancestructureandoptimizethebusinessenvironment. Studieshaveshownthatthekeyfactorstopromotethehigh-qualitydevelopmentof farmerprofessionalcooperativesindeeplyimpoverishedareasaretoimprovethe corporategovernancestructureandoptimizethebusinessenvironment.Intermsof improvingthecorporategovernancestructure:itisnecessarytoimprovetheorganizational structureandstrengthenthegovernancestructure;improvethechartersystemtoensure standardizedoperation;strengthendemocraticmanagementandeliminatethecontrolof "minoritypeople";strengtheninternalsupervisiontosafeguardtheinterestsofmembers; reasonablydistributebenefitsandrealizebenefitsharing.Intermsofoptimizingthe businessenvironment,wemustvigorouslydevelopspecialindustriesandexpandmarket demand;improvesupportingregulationsandsystems,andstrengthenserviceguidance; increasefiscalandfinancialeffortsandprovidefinancialsupport;strengthenexternal supervisionandpromotestandardizedoperations;andfurtherpromotetheestablishmentof demonstrationagencies,Playaleadingrole;establishatalenttrainingmechanismto improvethequalityofmembers. KeyWords:Povertyalleviation;Deeppoverty;Farmers'ProfessionalCooperatives; Corporategovernance 目录 V 目录 摘要.I Abstract....................III 1绪论.......................1 1.1研究背景及意义.....................1 1.1.1研究背景.............................1 1.1.2研究意义.............................2 1.2研究内容、方法及技术路线.............................3 1.2.1研究内容.............................3 1.2.2研究方法.............................3 1.2.3技术路线.............................3 2文献综述.............5 2.1国外相关研究...........................5 2.2国内相关研究...........................6 2.3国内外研究现状评述.............8 3相关概念及理论基础...............11 3.1相关概念...11 3.1.1深度贫困地区...................11 3.1.2农民专业合作社...............11 3.1.3农民专业合作社法人治理结构......................12 3.2理论基础...13 3.2.1产权理论...........................13 3.2.2三权分离理论...................14 3.2.3委托代理理论...................15 4H乡情况介绍17 4.1H乡贫困状况.........................17 4.2H乡脱贫攻坚措施及成效..18 4.3H乡农民专业合作社发展情况.......................21 4.4H乡农民专业合作社法人治理结构情况.....24 重庆理工大学硕士学位论文 VI 4.4.1入社成员规模情况...........24 4.4.2组织机构配置情况...........25 4.4.3成员大会召开情况...........25 4.4.4出资情况...........................26 4.4.5成员表决方式情况...........26 4.4.6聘用管理人员情况...........27 4.4.7盈余分配方式...................27 5H乡农民专业合作社存在的问题及原因分析......................29 5.1存在的问题.29 5.1.1规模偏小,抗风险能力低..............................29 5.1.2资金短缺,发展后劲不足..............................29 5.1.3制度不全,管理不够规范..............................30 5.1.4素质不高,缺乏专业人才..............................30 5.1.5层次较低,合作领域不宽..............................30 5.1.6联结不紧,成员协作较差..............................30 5.2原因分析......31 5.2.1法人治理结构配置不健全..............................31 5.2.2法人治理结构运转不规范..............................31 5.2.3成员民主管理执行有偏差..............................32 5.2.4民主监督作用难以发挥...32 5.2.5盈余分配激励性不够强...32 6某市深度贫困地区农民专业合作社高质量发展对策建议..........................35 6.1基本思路...35 6.2基本要求...36 6.3对策建议...37 6.3.1完善法人治理结构...........37 6.3.2优化营商环境...................38 7研究结论与未来展望............41 7.1研究结论...41 7.2未来展望...41 致谢.............................42