I 摘要 “大众创业、万众创新”以来，我国的创业热潮不断提升。然而，因资源匮乏、 企业流程不完善、难以获得利益相关者认可等因素，初创企业存活率普遍偏低。如 何让初创企业更好地生存、发展进而取得成功，不仅意义重大，也是一项充满挑战 性的任务。 而导致初创企业失败的主要原因之一是初创企业面临的“新创弱性”带来的合 法性挑战。如何克服这一挑战进而实现创业生存和成长，成为国内外学者关注的重 点。近年来，结合创业领域的相关研究视角，研究者们提出，获取合法性能够有效 地克服这一问题。虽然现有研究提出了企业获取合法性的不同策略，然而在分析具 体企业如何在创业的不同阶段获取合法性方面仍然存在不足，缺乏对实际企业在 创业不同阶段如何恰当使用合法性获取策略进而实现合法化成长的探讨。 采用案例研究的方法，本文回顾相关研究和理论，选取“双创”背景下创业成 功的典型代表—X公司作为本文研究的对象。分析X公司在不同创业阶段面临的 不同类型“新创弱性”挑战，进一步根据X公司应对挑战的应对措施提炼其采用 的合法性获取策略。具体来说，本文首先将X公司的创业过程划分为三个阶段： 产品研发阶段、市场化阶段和快速发展阶段；其次，通过案例分析，剖析X公司 在其发展过程中的不同阶段面临挑战的具体成因和表现；再次结合该公司的具体 做法，分析在不同阶段克服不同类型的新创弱性时X公司的合法性获取策略；最 后，总结不同阶段的合法性获取策略，提炼X公司合法化成长的过程。 本文从实际问题出发，灵活结合相关理论视角，以案例研究的方式分析了具体 企业在双创背景下获取合法性以克服新创弱性带来的挑战，进而实现企业合法化 成长的过程，为创业企业的生存和成长提供了重要启示。 关键词：创业企业；新创弱性；合法性获取策略；合法化成长；X公司 ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT Since the "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", entrepreneurship in China has been increasing rapidly. However, the survival rate of start-ups is generally low due to the lack of resources, imperfect business processes, and difficulties in obtaining stakeholder recognition. How to make start-ups survive, develop, and succeed is not only significant, but also a challenging task. It is generally believed that one of the main reasons for the failure of SMEs is the "liability of newness". How to overcome the "liability of newness" has become the focal topic by scholars. In recent years, combining with the viewpoint of institutional theory, researchers in the field of entrepreneurship have proposed that obtaining legitimacy can effectively overcome the problem of "liability of newness". Although the existing research has put forward different strategies to obtain the legitimacy, there are still deficiencies in the analysis of how to obtain the legitimacy of specific enterprises in different stages of entrepreneurship, and there is a lack of discussion on how to properly use the legitimacy strategies in different stages of entrepreneurship to overcome the “liability of newness”. Based on the review of theories, this paper selects Firm X - a typical representative of entrepreneurial success under the "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" circumstances- as the research object of this case study. This paper analyzes the different types of "liability of newness" that Firm X faced in different stages of entrepreneurship, and further refines the legitimacy acquisition strategies Firm X adopts in different stages and types of liability of newness. Specifically, this paper first divides Firm X's entrepreneurial process into three stages: the start-up stage, the commercialization stage and the growth stage; secondly, this paper analyzes the specific causes and phenomenon of "liability of newness" faced by Firm X in different stages of its development process; thirdly, this paper analyzes the aspects in different stages; finally, combined with the measures of different stages of Firm X, this paper clearly outlines the legitimacy acquisition strategy of Firm X in the entrepreneurial process. Starting from the practical problems, this paper flexibly combines the relevant theories in the field of entrepreneurship and institution, and carries out a case study on how to obtain the legitimacy of different types of new weakness in different stages. This paper not only makes up for the relevant research on the legitimacy acquisition strategy of start-ups, but also provides important practical value for start-ups to overcome the ABSTRACT III "liability of newness" through the legitimacy acquisition strategy properly. KEYWORDS: Start-ups; Liability of Newness; Legitimacy Acquisition Strategy; Legitimation Growth; Firm A 安徽财经大学专业硕士学位论文 IV 目录 第一章绪论 ................................................................................................. 1 第一节选题背景及研究意义 .................................................................................... 1 一、选题背景 ........................................................................................................ 1 二、研究意义 ........................................................................................................ 2 第二节国内外研究综述 ............................................................................................ 3 一、国外研究综述 ................................................................................................ 3 二、国内研究综述 ................................................................................................ 3 第三节研究方法和研究思路 .................................................................................... 4 一、研究方法 ........................................................................................................ 4 二、研究思路 ........................................................................................................ 4 第二章文献综述 ........................................................................................ 6 第一节相关概念界定 ................................................................................................ 6 一、新创弱性 ........................................................................................................ 6 二、合法性 ............................................................................................................ 6 第二节相关理论 ........................................................................................................ 7 一、制度理论与合法性 ........................................................................................ 7 二、合法性化策略 ................................................................................................ 8 第三章背景分析和案例介绍 .................................................................. 10 第一节双创背景下投影行业的发展 ...................................................................... 10 一、“双创”背景介绍 ........................................................................................... 10 二、“双创”与投影产业政策 ............................................................................... 11 三、X公司所在产业发展概况 .......................................................................... 13 第二节 X公司介绍 ................................................................................................ 15 一、X公司简介 .................................................................................................. 15 二、X公司股权结构 .......................................................................................... 15 第三节 X公司发展阶段分析 ................................................................................ 16 一、X公司发展历程 .......................................................................................... 16 目录 V 二、X公司发展阶段划分 .................................................................................. 19 第四章 X公司案例分析 ......................................................................... 21 第一节 X公司不同阶段面临的合法性挑战 ........................................................ 21 一、第一阶段面临的挑战 .................................................................................. 21 二、第二阶段面临的挑战 .......................