党的十八大以来，习近平总书记在贫困地区的脱贫致富工作上，提出了扶贫开发的 新观点、新思路和新要求。他站位全面建成小康社会，提出“精准扶贫”理论，自此，中 国的扶贫工作迈入了“精准扶贫”的新阶段。随后，在持续推进精准脱贫工作中，产业扶 贫成为了开展精准脱贫的重要措施，进一步提升了贫困户脱贫质量，使得贫困户掌握生 产工作技能，促进了脱贫成果的长期有效性，为解决好脱贫攻坚返贫问题起到了重要作 用。 R县在开展产业扶贫工作中，聚焦组织管理、帮扶资金、帮扶政策、帮扶责任等方 面，不断开展多种产业扶贫项目，都取得了一定成效。本文从R县食用菌扶贫项目运 营现状出发，系统的讨论了项目的经营现状、效益评估、存在的问题及对策建议，立足 我国产业扶贫发展特点，运用案例分析法、定量和定性分析法等对R县食用菌扶贫项 目运营目标、运营现状、扶贫效益进行了分析，得出了项目在建设过程中缺少规划，盲 目追求高标准等造成项目投入产出效率低下，致使项目后期融资出现困难，项目资金链 出现断裂，造成运营管理陷入困境，项目后续建设和生产经营都受到了较大影响。本文 针对研究结论，提出从政府、项目和承办企业三个层面对项目进行改进和完善的思路， 并根据产业扶贫项目自身特点，提出了构建产业扶贫项目后续管理体制机制、吸引社会 资本参与扶贫项目、完善项目运营管理等对策建议，为产业扶贫项目在自身结构调整和 管理路线优化上提借鉴思路。同时提出了在当前脱贫攻坚政策下，要探索建立更为完善 的的产业扶贫项目后期运营机制，来确保扶贫项目的长期有效运营。 关键词：产业扶贫；经营模式；建设成本；带贫效益 II Abstract Sincethe18thnationalcongressofthecommunistpartyofChina(CPC),general secretaryxijinpinghasputforwardnewviews,newideasandnewrequirementsonpoverty alleviationanddevelopment.Heproposedthetheoryof"targetedpovertyalleviation"in ordertobuildamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects.Sincethen,China'spoverty alleviationworkhasenteredanewstageof"targetedpovertyalleviation".Subsequently,in thecontinuouspromotionoftargetedpovertyalleviation,industrialpovertyalleviationhas becomeanimportantmeasuretocarryouttargetedpovertyalleviation,furtherimprovingthe qualityofpovertyalleviation,enablingpoorhouseholdstomasterproductionandworkskills, promotingthelong-termeffectivenessoftheachievementsofpovertyalleviation,andplaying animportantroleinsolvingtheproblemofpovertyalleviationandreturntopoverty. Intheprocessofindustrialpovertyalleviation,Rcountyhasfocusedonorganization andmanagement,funds,policiesandresponsibilities,andhascarriedoutavarietyof industrialpovertyalleviationprojects,allofwhichhaveachievedcertainresults.Basedon thecurrentoperationsituationofRcounty'sediblefunguspovertyalleviationproject,this papersystematicallydiscussesthecurrentoperationsituation,benefitevaluation,existing problemsandcountermeasures.BasedonthecharacteristicsofChina'sindustrialpoverty alleviationdevelopment,thispaperanalyzestheoperationgoal,operationstatusandpoverty alleviationbenefitofRcounty'sediblefunguspovertyalleviationprojectbyusingcase analysis,quantitativeandqualitativeanalysis,andconcludesthattheprojectisunder constructionThelackofplanningandblindpursuitofhighstandardsintheprocessleadto thelowefficiencyofprojectinputandoutput,resultinginthedifficultyoffinancinginthe laterstageoftheproject,thefractureoftheprojectcapitalchain,resultinginthedilemmaof operationmanagement,andthesubsequentconstructionandproductionandoperationofthe projecthavebeengreatlyaffected.Accordingtotheresearchconclusion,thispaperputs forwardtheideaofimprovingandperfectingtheprojectfromthethreelevelsofgovernment, projectandundertakingenterprise,andaccordingtothecharacteristicsoftheindustrial povertyalleviationprojectitself,putsforwardsomecountermeasuresandsuggestions,such asbuildingthefollow-upmanagementsystemandmechanismoftheindustrialpoverty III alleviationproject,attractingsocialcapitaltoparticipateinthepovertyalleviationproject, improvingtheprojectoperationmanagement,etc.,soastoadjustandimprovethestructure oftheindustrialpovertyalleviationprojectTheoptimizationofmanagementrouteshouldbe referredto.Atthesametime,underthecurrentpovertyalleviationpolicy,itisproposedto exploreandestablishamoreperfectlateoperationmechanismofindustrialpoverty alleviationprojectstoensurethelong-termandeffectiveoperationofpovertyalleviation projects. Keywords:Industrialpovertyalleviation;Businessmodel；Constructioncost;Withthe poorefficiency IV 目录 摘要.........................................................................................................................................I Abstract......................................................................................................................................II 第一章绪论............................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景及研究意义..................................................................................................1 1.1.1研究背景.............................................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意义.............................................................................................................3 1.2文献综述及研究述评..................................................................................................4 1.2.1国内外研究现状.................................................................................................4 1.2.2国内外研究述评.................................................................................................6 1.3研究内容、研究方法及路线图..................................................................................6 1.3.1研究内容.............................................................................................................6 1.3.2研究方法.............................................................................................................7 1.3.3技术路线图.........................................................................................................8 第二章产业扶贫相关概念界定和实施方式........................................................................9 2.1扶贫相关概念界定及理论依据...................................................................................9 2.1.1精准扶贫.............................................................................................................9 2.1.2产业扶贫.............................................................................................................9 2.1.3产业扶贫项目.....................................................................................................9 2.1.4产业扶贫项目的理论依据.................................................................................9 2.2产业扶贫项目的目标................................................................................................10 2.2.1产业扶贫项目的职能目标..............................................................................10 2.2.2产业扶贫项目的效益目标..............................................................................10 2.3产业扶贫项目的实施模式........................................................................................11 第三章R县产业扶贫的现状分析......................................................................................12 3.1R县扶贫的基本简介.................................................................................................12 3.2R县产业扶贫的主要举措........................................................................................13 3.3R县产业扶贫的主要开展方式................................................................................14 第四章R县食用菌产业扶贫项目效益分析评估..............................................................16 4.1R县食用菌产业扶贫项目发展前景.........................................................................16 4.2R县食用菌产业扶贫项目运营目标.........................................................................16 V 4.3R县食用菌产业扶贫项目运营现状.........................................................................18 4.4R县食用菌产业扶贫项目扶贫效益评估................................................................19 4.4.1企业层面的评估.