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I 摘要 并购已成为企业改善业务管理,调整战略结构,扩大规模的重要手段和手段。 并购促进了整个社会的结构调整和升级,并在经济促进方面发挥了重要作用。今 年来我国并购市场飞速发展更多源于我国市场经济改革使得更多企业为了迅速 壮大投身于并购浪潮中。资本对于产业的推动成为主流,医疗也不例外。并购是 企业扩大资本,实现市场资源配置最重要,最有效的途径之一。 医疗行业作为关系民生是我国重点支持的产业,在国民经济中占用重要地位。 我国医疗企业具有高技术、高投资和相对垄断的特点,但存在产业集中度低,产 业政策主导的问题,加速了中国医疗企业的兼并和收购。再加上我国大力开展医 疗体制改革,医改的深化为社会资本的注入了新动力。在医改政策的推动下,公 立医院社会资本将面临全面改革,医疗服务差异化,医疗产业一体化战略都将获 得大量投资机会。 以往的医疗并购研究多为“药”业而“医”业相关并购价值研究较少,本文从医 疗行业未来收益与政策紧密联系的背景出发,结合医疗行业估值多以历史成本法 计价,行业可比较企业少、等估值特点出发,首先,梳理了企业价值评估中常用 的主流方法。总结了各种主流方法的前提条件、适用范围、优缺点。结合医疗企 业的宏观背景、行业竞争、企业状况和并购动机,进一步确认了现金流量折现法 的两阶段模型是适用于医疗企业价值评估的最优选择方法。以华润医疗对凤凰医 疗的并购为例,根据凤凰医疗五年来的财务数据,并对凤凰医疗的经营能力、偿 债能力和盈利能力进行比较分析,并对估值模型进行了调整,对现金流量折现法 两阶段模型中的实体现金流量和折现率分别进行了合理的分析和预测,并对未来 5年的实体现金流量和折现率进行了合理的预测,用于加权资本成本预测折现率, 根据资本资产定价模型,得出华润医疗并购的评估价值,对国内医疗行业,特别 是医改后的公立医疗价值创造动因进行分析,其估值研究和并购后续发展为我国 医疗企业并购提供了有益的借鉴。 关键字:企业并购;华润医疗;凤凰医疗;现金流折现法 Abstract II Abstract Mergers and acquisitions have become an important method for enterprises to improve business management, adjust strategic structure, This year, the rapid development of China's M&A market is mainly due to the fact that China's market economy reform has enabled more companies to invest in mergers and acquisitions for their own rapid growth. Capital has become the driven force in industry development, and medical care is no exception. M&A is one of the most important and effective ways for enterprises to expand capital and realize market resource allocation. As a sunrise industry, since the reform and opening up, pharmaceutical companies have developed rapidly in the national economy. China's medical enterprises have the characteristics of advanced technology, high investment, and relative monopoly. The problem of low concentration and industrial policy orientation has accelerated the merger and acquisition of Chinese medical enterprises. It further accelerates the development of the pharmaceutical industry and provides fresh impetus to social capital with the deepening of medical reform. Driven by the medical reform policy, the social capital of public hospitals will face comprehensive reforms, medical services will be differentiated, and the pharmaceutical industry integration strategy will receive a large number of investment opportunities. Previously, most medical M&A researches focus on the “medicine” industry but less on the “medical” industry. Starting from the background of medical reform, this paper combines the valuation characteristics of the historical-cost-based valuation of medical industry, less comparable enterprises and policy-decided future income. First, it sorts out the mainstream methods in enterprise assessment. The preconditions, scope of application, advantages and disadvantages of various mainstream methods are summarized. Then it introduces in detail the macro background, industry competition, enterprise status and M&A motives of pharmaceutical companies. The Abstract III two-stage model of discounted cash flow method is analyzed and is the best method for pharmaceutical enterprise evaluation. Then, taking China Resources Medical's acquisition of Phoenix Medical as an example, and based on the five years’ financial data of Phoenix Medical, this paper conducts a comparative analysis of Phoenix Medical's operating capacity, solvency and profitability. This paper adjusts the valuation model and carries out reasonable analysis and forecast for cash flow and discount rate in the two-stage model of the discounted cash flow method respectively. It also makes a reasonable forecast of the physical cash flow and discount rate for the next five years. Then, by using the discount rate predicted via the weighted capital cost, and applying the capital asset pricing model, the evaluation value of the Medical M&A of China Resources is obtained. This paper analyzes the domestic medical industry, precisely the motivation of public medical value creation after medical reform. In this research, the valuation and follow-up development study of medical M&A can offer a useful reference for the medical enterprises in China. Key words:Corporate Mergers and Acquisitions; China Resources Medical; Phoenix Medical; Discounted Cash Flow Method; 目录 IV 目 录 摘要 ........ I ABSTRACT ....... II 第一章 导论 .. 1 第一节 研究背景与研究意义 .............. 1 一、研究背景 ....................... 1 二、研究意义 ....................... 3 第二节 国内外研究现状 ...................... 4 一、国外研究现状 ............... 4 二、国内研究现状 ............... 6 第三节 研究内容与框架 ...................... 7 一、研究的内容 ................... 7 二、研究的方法 ................... 8 三、研究的思路 ................... 8 第二章 企业并购理论基础及价值评估方法适用性分析 ...................... 9 第一节 企业并购的内涵 ...................... 9 一、企业并购的概念 ........... 9 二、企业并购的目的 ........... 9 三、企业并购的类型 ........... 9 第二节 企业并购的动因 ...................... 9 第三节 企业并购的绩效 .................... 10 一、影响企业并购绩效的因素 ........................ 10 第四节 医疗行业并购的特点 ............ 12 一、按所属地域 ................. 12 二、按医院类型 ................. 12 第五节 企业并购的估值方法 ............ 12 一、成本法及其适用性分析 ............................ 12 目录 V 二、市场法及其适用性分析 ............................ 13 三、现金流折现法及其适用性分析 ................ 14 四、实物期权法及其适用性分析 .................... 15 第三章 国内医疗企业并购现状分析 ..................... 17 第一节 国内医疗行业并购现状 ........ 17 一、我国医疗行业发展概况 ............................ 17 二、我国医疗行业并购现状 ............................ 18 三、我国医疗行业并购估值方法 .................... 20 第二节 国内医疗企业并购影响因素 22 一、外部因素 ..................... 22 二、内部因素 ..................... 22 三、现行价值评估制度影响 ............................ 23 第四章 华润医疗并购凤凰医疗案例的并购概述 . 25 第一节 并购双方 . 25 一、并购方:华润医疗集团有限公司 ............ 25 二、被并方:凤凰医疗集团有限公司 ............ 25 第二节 并购动因 . 27 一、资源集中,实现规模效应 ........................ 27 二、双方优势互补 ............. 27 三、机遇与挑战 ................. 28 第三节 并购历程 . 29 第四节 并购估值及长短期市场反应 30 一、华润凤凰并购估值 ..... 30 二、长短期市场反应 ......... 30 第五节 案例企业并购后问题显现 .... 31 一、并购溢价 ..................... 31 二、并购后市场预期与投资者预期不符 ........ 31 三、并购后主要收益模式变化 ........................ 31 四、估值方法选用造成的估值偏差 ................ 33 第五章 华润凤凰医疗基于现金流折现法并购价值分析 .................... 34 目录 VI 第一节 估值偏差分析 ........................ 34 一、目标企业整体分析 ..... 34 二、预测目标企业未来自由现金流量 ............ 35 三、估算资本成本 ............. 37 四、目标企业估值结果及分析 ........................ 41 第二节 估值偏差的原因 .................... 41 一、动因 ............................. 42 二、整合 ............................. 43 三、外部因素 ..................... 44 第三节 华润医疗未来价值创造 ........ 44 一、业务发展 ..................... 44 二、华润健康体外培育和孵化 ........................ 45 三、未来展望 ..................... 46 第六章 研究结论和不足 .......... 50 第一节 研究结论 . 50 第二节 研