R公司是某国有大型企业，近两年该企业紧跟国家“互联网+”战略步伐，积 极拥抱互联网，实施数字化转型。C项目就是在这个背景下提出的对接多个互联 网渠道的自动化业务处理系统项目，该系统采用了大数据技术实现对海量互联网 数据的大并发处理，业务上整合了R公司内部和外部关键业务数据提升了业务 处理时效及风控水平。 C项目作为本文的研究案例，一共分两期，一期实施过程中采用传统开发模 式；二期因为业务量的增加和需求的多样化，导致传统的实施方法已无法适应新 的形势，于是转型为敏捷开发模式。 在新旧模式的转换过程中，为了实现组织管理方式的平稳过渡，作者结合R 公司现有项目管理体制的一些要求，将Scrum与XP极限编程结合应用到项目 中；对项目的组织结构、开发流程、沟通方式等环节分别进行改造，在实施过程 中提出了一套比较详细的实施策略。为其它企业由传统项目管理转向敏捷项目管 理提供了可参考的实践经验。 关键词：敏捷开发，Scrum，项目管理 昆明理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文 基于敏捷开发的软件项目管理与研究 II Abstract R Company is a large state-owned enterprise. In the past two years, the company has closely followed the pace of “the national Internet + strategy”, actively embraced the Internet, and implemented digital transformation. Project C is an automated business processing system connected to multiple Internet channels proposed in this background. The system uses big data technology to achieve large-scale concurrent processing of massive Internet data, and integrates key internal and external business of R company. The data has improved the effectiveness of business processing and the level of risk control. As the research case of this paper, Project C is divided into two phases. The first phase adopts the traditional development model during the implementation process. The second phase is due to the increase in business volume and the diversification of requirements, resulting in the traditional implementation method that has been unable to meet the needs of the business. For this reason Project C make the transition to agile development mode. In order to achieve a smooth transition of organizational management methods, in the process of changing the old and new models, the author combined some requirements of some existing project management system in R Company, and applied the method of combining Scrum and XP extreme programming to the project. The organizational structure of the project, The development process, communication methods, and other links were individually transformed, and a set of more detailed implementation strategies were proposed during the implementation process. It provides a reference for other enterprises to change from traditional project management to agile project management. Key Words: Agile development, Scrum, project management 昆明理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文 基于敏捷开发的软件项目管理与研究 i 目 录 摘要 ............................................................................................................ I Abstract ........................................................................................................ II 第一章 绪论............................................................................................... 1 1.1研究背景、目的与意义 ................................................................... 1 1.1.1研究背景 ..................................................................................... 1 1.1.2研究目的和意义 ......................................................................... 2 1.2 国内外研究现状 ............................................................................... 2 1.2.1 国外研究现状 ............................................................................ 2 1.2.2 国内研究现状 ............................................................................ 4 1.3 研究内容及研究方法 ....................................................................... 7 1.3.1 研究内容 .................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 研究方法 .................................................................................... 8 第二章 相关理论基础 ............................................................................ 11 2.1 传统瀑布式开发相关概念和理论 ................................................. 11 2.2 敏捷开发相关概念和理论 ............................................................. 12 2.2.1 敏捷开发的起源 ...................................................................... 12 2.2.2 敏捷开发及主要方法介绍 ...................................................... 12 2.3传统瀑布式开发方法与敏捷开发方法比较 ................................. 14 第三章 R公司C项目背景及一期管理现状及问题分析 .................. 16 3.1 项目现状 ......................................................................................... 16 3.1.1 R公司简介 ................................................................................ 16 3.1.2 C项目背景 ................................................................................ 16 3.1.3 项目特点分析 .......................................................................... 16 3.1.4项目团队及职责 ....................................................................... 17 3.1.5 项目管理流程 .......................................................................... 18 3.1.6 项目沟通机制 .......................................................................... 19 昆明理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文 基于敏捷开发的软件项目管理与研究 ii 3.1.7 项目管理工具 .......................................................................... 19 3.2 C项目问题分析 .............................................................................. 20 3.3 C项目引入新的管理办法的必要性 .............................................. 21 第四章 C项目二期基于敏捷开发的管理体系设计 .......................... 22 4.1 基于敏捷方法调整项目团队 ......................................................... 22 4.1.2 产品负责人 .............................................................................. 22 4.1.3 敏捷教练 .................................................................................. 22 4.1.4 开发团队 .................................................................................. 23 4.1.5 专家人员 .................................................................................. 24 4.2 基于敏捷方法调整开发流程 ......................................................... 24 4.2.1 构建敏捷开发流程 .................................................................. 24 4.2.2 Sprint冲刺设计 ......................................................................... 25 4.2.3 版本迭代设计 .......................................................................... 26 4.3 基于敏捷方法调整项目沟通机制 ................................................. 27 4.3.1 需求评审会和迭代启动会 ...................................................... 27 4.3.2 每日站会 .................................................................................. 27 4.3.3 迭代评审会 .............................................................................. 28 4.3.4 发布评审会 .............................................................................. 28 4.3.5 迭代回顾会 .............................................................................. 29 4.4 基于敏捷方法构建项目工件 ......................................................... 29 4.4.1 产品Backlog构建 ................................................................... 29 4.4.2 冲刺Backlog构建 ................................................................... 30 4.4.3 产品增量构建 .......................................................................... 32 4.5 基于敏捷方法引入项目辅助管理工具 ......................................... 32 4.5.1 启用新的项目管理工具 .......................................................... 32 4.5.2 引入可视化看板 ...................................................................... 35 4.5.3 引入测试驱动开发 .................................................................. 37 昆明理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文 基于敏捷开发的软件项目管理与研究 iii 4.5.4 引入持续集成及自动化部署 ...................................