电子政务是上世纪末，兴起于美国的一种新型政府管理手段。即政府在各类政 府公务行为中通过加快电子化、信息化、数据化的方式，推进政府部门构成和政务 工作程序的优化，对社会实施更标准、高效的管理并给予公众更优质的服务。与传 统的政府管理模式相比，电子政务的突出特点就是办公自动化和通讯网络化。这使 政务工作的公开程度和政府运行效率有了大的提升，为企业和公民生产生活提供了 更加良好的发展环境。目前，我国各级政府部门已经普遍使用电子政务系统，系统 的使用为政府职能的转变、工作效率的提高，提供了更多的便利。 L 区位于河北省会石家庄西部，以卫星导航、电子元器件、高端装备制造、绿色 食品、休闲旅游为主导产业，建有全国知名的电子信息产业基地，导航、照明、软 件开发等产业基础较强。目前该区电子政务系统主要有三项功能，一是通知的管理， 二是公文的收发，三是批示流转。在具体使用过程中，现有系统功能简单、保密性 差、浪费人力、流程复杂等问题日益凸显，已经无法满足新时代政务工作电子化、 信息化、高效化的要求，迫切需要进行更新换代。 经过对系统使用者的座谈和问卷调查，获得了用户对系统使用体验、功能需求 和改进的具体意见。围绕满足这些意见，研究开发了新的电子政务系统和政务 APP 软件，并提出了硬件设施、安全防护措施、运营管理制度等方面的优化方案。新的 系统主要实现了六项功能，一是政府事务数据库功能，二是整合的公文办理功能， 三是实时的进度查询功能，四是政府与部门、部门之间互动交流功能，五是事项督 办功能，六是更加安全的保密的功能，基本满足了使用者的需求。 关键词 电子政务系统；功能需求；政务 APP；优化方案II Abstract Emerging as a new government management method in United States during the 1990s, e-government is an optimization strategy of the governmental acts, governance process and government structure with the use of electronic technology, information technology, and digital technologies, in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of governmental service and public service. Compared with the traditional government management mode, e-government is featured with office automation and communication network, which greatly promotes the openness in government affairs, enhances our government performance and provides a better environment for both the development of industries and the life of citizens. In recent times, e-government is applied in almost all the government departments at every level in our country, providing more and more convenient service for the governmental function transformation and governmental efficiency Improvement. Located at the western part of Shijiazhuang City, the provincial capital of Hebei, L area is known as the industrial base of satellite navigation, electronic components, high-end equipment, green food and leisure tourism, where the nationally-known Shijiazhuang Electronic Information Industry Base is situated. L area has a strong industrial foundation of navigation, lighting and software R&D. At present, the e-government system of L area owns three main functions. The first one is the management of notification, the second one is the sending and receiving of official documents and the third one is the circulation of official comments and instructions. In the practical applications, as the official demands of the use of the latest electronic technology, information technology (IT) and other digital technologies are increasing day by day, the system is in urgent need of refreshments and replacements due to its relatively simple function, poor confidentiality and overcomplicated workflow. Through the interview and questionnaire survey given to system users, we obtained the detailed opinions on the system usage experience; functional requirements and improvement. In order to meet these requirements, a new e-government system and corresponding APP were developed, and the optimization schemes of hardware facilities, safety protection measures and operation management mechanism were also proposed. In order to meet the needs, six main functions were realized or improved in the new system: governmental affairs database; integrated files processing; real-time progress enquiry;III interaction within government departments or across departments; work process supervising and urging and safer security function. Key words E-government systems; Functional requirements; E-government APP; Optimization schemeV 目 录 摘要...................................................................................................................................I Abstract ...............................................................................................................................Ⅱ 第 1 章 绪 论...................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景与意义 ......................................................................................................1 1.2 国内外电子政务发展现状 ......................................................................................1 1.2.1 国外电子政务发展现状 ...................................................................................1 1.2.2 国内电子政务发展现状 ...................................................................................2 1.3 本文研究方法 ..........................................................................................................4 1.4 论文内容和技术路线 ..............................................................................................4 第 2 章 相关理论综述.......................................................................................................7 2.1 电子政务相关理论 ..................................................................................................7 2.2 政务 APP 相关理论.................................................................................................9 2.3 本章小结 ................................................................................................................10 第 3 章 L 区电子政务系统现状分析..............................................................................11 3.1 L 区电子政务系统总体情况.................................................................................11 3.2 L 区电子政务系统的主要功能.............................................................................11 3.2.1 通知管理系统 .................................................................................................11 3.2.2 公文收发系统 .................................................................................................12 3.2.3 请示流转系统 .................................................................................................13 3.3 L 区电子政务系统存在的问题.............................................................................14 3.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................16 第 4 章 L 区电子政务系统优化需求分析......................................................................17 4.1 发展趋势需求分析 ................................................................................................17 4.1.1 提供政府事务数据库功能 .............................................................................17 4.1.2 提供整合的公文办理功能 .............................................................................17 4.1.3 提供实时的进度查询功能 .............................................................................17 4.1.4 提供政府与部门、部门之间互动交流的功能 .............................................18 4.1.5 提供事项督办的功能 .....................................................................................18 4.1.6 提供更加安全的保密的功能 .........................................................................18 4.1.7 提供更快更好的系统运行性能 .....................................................................18 4.2 用户需求分析 ........................................................................................................19VI 4.2.1 调查对象及方法的选取 .................................................................................19 4.2.2 调查形式及问卷的设计 ................................................................