盐岩矿层由于其良好的物理力学特性，被国内外公认为是地下能源(石油、天 然气)储存最理想的介质。作为储气库的盐岩溶腔，一般都是根据设计要求通过水 溶开采形成。近年来，国内外越来越多的利用盐矿老腔改建储气库，原因有两点： 一是利用现有采卤溶腔则可大幅度缩短建设地下储气库的时间；二是利用现有采 卤溶腔可节省储气库建设成本。本文以江苏金坛盐矿及其储气库项目为依托，对 金坛盐矿老腔改建为储气库进行可行性研究。具体研究工作如下： ① 综合分析盐矿老腔改建成储气库的基本条件，进行老腔预选方案的设计， 并进行筛选。提出三种老腔改建储气库的修复方案。综合考虑密封可靠性、调峰 能力、施工工艺和经济投资四个主要因素，确定套管段铣挤水泥技术方案更具优 势。 ② 采用声纳测量技术测定腔体的形状和体积，并对已选腔体进行进一步筛 选。然后利用 FLAC 3D 数值计算软件分析腔体的安全稳定性。在选择合理运行压力 下，有 6 个腔体可考虑改建为储气库。 ③ 建立储气库改建项目的经济评价模型，确定储气库运营期成本估算方法， 并对储气库盈利能力及投资回收期进行分析。将此模型应用到金坛盐矿储气库改 建项目，计算表明东 1 井改建储气库具有很好的经济效益。 ④ 根据以往储气库安全管理经验，建立储气库安全管理规范，包括管理对象、 管理内容以及管理特点，并提出储气库安全管理的发展趋势。 关键词：盐岩储气库，声纳测量，稳定性，可行性，安全管理II ABSTRACT Salt mine is thought to the most ideal medium to store underground energy(oil, gas), because of its good physical and mechanical properties. According to the design requirements, salt cavity, as a gas storage, was formed through water solution mining generally. In recent years, there are more and more companies use the old cavity rebuild to gas storage. There are two reasons: first, it can greatly shorten the construction time of underground gas storage; then, it can save construction costs of underground gas storage. Based on Jintan Salt Mine of Jiangsu, this paper research feasibility of old cavity rebuild to gas storage in Jintan salt mines. The main contents are as follows: ① Baesed on comprehensive analysis the basic condition of old cavity rebuild to gas storage, this paper design preset scheme of old cavity and screen out cavities which meet the conditions. Three repair plans of old cavity rebuild to gas storage were put forward. The casing section milling crowded cement technology solution have more advantages, baesed on comprehensive consideration of four main factors: the seal reliability, load ability, construction technology and economic investment. ②The shape and volume of cavity were determined by use of sonar measurement technology, and the cavities were screen out. Then the security and stability of cavity were analysed by use of FLAC 3D . On the condition of proper operating pressure, there are 6 cavities can rebuild to gas storage. ③ The economic evaluation model of gas storage reconstruction project was established in this paper, and it identified gas storage operating costs calculation method, and analyzed the profitability and investment payback period. The economic evaluation model was applied to gas storage reconstruction project in Jintan salt mines. The calculation results show that the Dong 1 gas storage reconstruction project has very good economic benefits. ④ According to former safety management experience of gas storage, the regulations of gas storage safety management was established, including managed objects, management content and management characteristics. And safety management development trend of gas storage safety management was put forward. Key words: Gas Storage of Salt Rock, Sonar Measuring, Stability, Feasibility, Safety ManagementIII 目 录 中文摘要..........................................................................................................................................I 英文摘要........................................................................................................................................II 1 绪 论.........................................................................................................................................1 1.1 地下储气库的作用 ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究意义 ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 研究现状 ................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 国外地下储气库现状 ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3.2 国内地下储气库研究现状 ................................................................................................ 4 1.4 研究内容和技术路线 ............................................................................................................... 6 2 金坛盐矿老腔预选及修复方案 ...................................................................................8 2.1 金坛盐矿概况 ........................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1 金坛溶腔资源利用的有利条件 ........................................................................................ 8 2.1.2 金坛现有采卤溶腔的分布 ................................................................................................ 9 2.1.3 采卤溶腔的基本情况 ........................................................................................................ 9 2.2 盐矿老腔的预选 ..................................................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 预选条件 .......................................................................................................................... 10 2.2.2 预选方案设计 .................................................................................................................. 11 2.2.3 预选结果 .......................................................................................................................... 11 2.3 老腔的修复改造 ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.3.1 利用已有采卤溶腔的原则 .............................................................................................. 12 2.3.2 已有采卤溶腔改造原则 .................................................................................................. 12 2.3.3 可利用采卤溶腔的改造方案 .......................................................................................... 12 2.3.4 改造方案比选 .................................................................................................................. 14 2.3.5 优选修复方案的技术要求 .............................................................................................. 14 2.4 小结 ......................................................................................................................................... 22 3 金坛盐矿老腔安全稳定性研究 .................................................................................23 3.1 储气库老腔声纳测量分析 ..................................................................................................... 23 3.1.1 声纳测量原理 .................................................................................................................. 23 3.1.2 声纳测量设备 .................................................................................................................. 23 3.1.3 声纳测量方案设计 .......................................................................................................... 26 3.1.4 声纳测量结果及分析 ...................................................................................................... 27IV 3.2 盐矿老腔稳定性分析 ............................................................................................................. 31 3.2.1 FLAC 3D 基本原理.............................................................................................................32 3.2.2 稳定性数值模拟