传统的软件开发强调的是流水化作业的方式，软件设计、编码、测试和发布环节高 度耦合，软件开发上下游之间时常出现任务积压或任务等待的情况，导致项目交付经常 延期，影响了产品竞争力和客户满意度。随着 H 公司软件业务的快速发展，客户的要求 越来越高，软件需求复杂多变，使得当前软件开发模式的弊端逐渐显露，因此，作者尝 试通过对 H 公司软件开发流程的优化和改造来解决这一问题。 本文首先对 H 公司项目管理现状和软件开发流程现状进行分析，利用鱼骨图和帕累 托图分析法定性的分析了当前软件开发流程的问题，并分别针对软件设计、编码、测试 环节，利用泳道流程图分析法分析了各个子流程中存在的问题，结合 ESIA、AMSE 等 工具和流程优化方法分析原有开发流程上的增值活动，清除非价值创造活动，使优化后 的流程更加轻便。此外，本文还结合了 PDCA 的质量管理优化方法，在软件开发迭代周 期内引入了迭代计划、迭代评审和迭代回顾等环节，通过对软件功能细致拆分，工作量 多方评估，开发任务重新组合等手段实现软件的精益化生产，利用迭代评审和迭代回顾 来把控质量，对软件开发流程进行持续改进。最后进行项目实践检验流程优化的结果， 提出具体的，可衡量的绩效指标，给出软件开发流程的效果评估，项目交付周期和项目 质量有明显改善，获得了良好的优化效果。该优化方法对于 H 公司来说具有重要的参考 价值，有必要进一步总结完善并加以推广。 关键字，项目管理；软件开发；流程优化II ABSTRACT Traditional software development emphasis on flow line work mode. Software design, coding, testing and deployment are deeply coupling. Software development upstream and downstream segment has task waiting or overstocks, software development project are frequently delay, which affects the product competitive and client’s satisfaction. With the fast development of H Company, client’s requirement standards are higher and change faster, in that case, the disadvantages of H company software development mode are becoming a big issue. So in order to solve this problem, the Author tries to optimize the current software development process. The thesis firstly analyzed the H company’s current project management and software development process with fishbone diagram and Pareto diagram method, and then focus on the problem of software design, coding, testing segment through swim lane diagram. Eliminate the useless node and optimize the original software development process to make it agile one. In addition, the thesis uses PDCA circle to introduce iteration plan, iteration evaluate and iteration retrospect to software development. Through software feature decompose, workload evaluation, task organization to lead to lean production. Finally make some KPI to evaluate the optimization effect with applied in software development project. Software version in time issue rate improves apparently. The optimization methods are referential and need to constant improve and apply in more projects. Keywords: Project management; Software development; Process optimizationIII 目 录 摘要.........................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. II 图表清单...................................................................................................................................V 第一章 绪论..............................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景 ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究的目的与意义 ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究思路与方法 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.4 文献综述 ......................................................................................................................... 3 1.4.1 流程优化的基本理论 ............................................................................................... 3 1.4.2 软件开发流程与方法论 ........................................................................................... 5 1.5 研究内容与结构 ............................................................................................................. 7 第二章 H 公司项目管理与开发流程现状分析......................................................................8 2.1 H 公司的基本概况 .......................................................................................................... 8 2.2 H 公司软件项目管理现状分析 .................................................................................... 10 2.3 H 公司软件开发流程现状 ............................................................................................ 14 2.4 H 公司开发流程优化必要性分析 ................................................................................ 23 2.5 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 25 第三章 开发流程优化与项目实施........................................................................................26 3.1 软件开发流程优化 ....................................................................................................... 26 3.2 开发流程优化项目实施 ............................................................................................... 38 3.3 本章小结 ........................................................................................................................ 43 第四章 开发流程优化效果评价............................................................................................44 4.1 构建绩效评价指标 ....................................................................................................... 44 4.2 流程优化绩效评价 ....................................................................................................... 46 4.3 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 50 结论与展望..............................................................................................................................51 研究结论 ..............................................................................................................................51 研究展望 ..............................................................................................................................51IV