摘任石多丈 当前电镀技术主要采用直流电源!周期换向电源!脉冲电源!交直流叠加 电源等,直流电源可以满足简单的电镀生产,但是它存在的问题较多,像浓差 极化等;周期换向电源是指周期性的改变直流电的方向,虽然可以克服浓差极 化,但是电流效率较非换向电流低;脉冲电源虽然可以获得较好的镀层但价格 昂贵,一次性投入成本较高;交直流叠加电源电镀不仅不存在浓差极化现象, 还能够扩大阴极电流密度范围,这种电镀电源和脉冲电源均具有不错的发展前 景交直流叠加电源电镀Ni一Fe一W合金在国内外未见报道本文将交直流叠加 电源应用于Ni一Fe一W合金电镀,得到的非晶态合金在耐腐蚀性!硬度等方面都 将优于晶态合金,所以如何获得非晶态合金镀层是本文试验的重点内容 本文通过研究交直流叠加电镀的振幅!频率!温度!电流密度!时间!柠 檬酸钠含量!pH值等参数对镀层硬度以及沉积速率的影响,得到交直流叠加 电镀Ni一Fe一w非晶态合金的较优工艺参数条件:NIS04.7HZO25g/L! FeSO4#7HZO109/L!NaZWO4#ZHZO459/L!H3BO3309/L!Na3C6HsO7#ZHZO40 g/L!十二烷基硫酸钠0.19几!1,4一丁炔二醇0.29/L,pH二7一8,水浴温度60OC, 电镀时间lh结合EDS!SEM!XRD等手段对Ni一Fe一W合金镀层组成!表面 形貌以及晶型进行表征,实验结果表明当钨酸钠含量为459几时,镀层晶型 呈现明显的非晶态Ni一Fe一W合金镀层的结构是以镍为溶剂,铁和钨为溶质所 形成的Ni一Fe一W固溶体相,镀层中钨和铁的融入并未破坏镍的晶格仍为面心立 方结构,只是镍晶格中的部分镍原子被钨和铁所取代 通过电化学交流阻抗图谱和Tafel极化曲线对交直流叠加电镀和直流电镀 的耐腐蚀性能进行表征及分析,交直流叠加得到的电镀层的容抗弧直径较直流 电镀时明显增大,和Tafel极化曲线中交直流叠加电镀的腐蚀电位正移,自腐 蚀电流密度明显减小的趋势是相吻合的,充分说明交直流叠加电镀层较直流电 镀层具有更好的耐腐蚀性 交直流叠加电镀技术作为一种较有前景的电镀技术,将会越来越受到人们 的重视,虽然现在运用这项技术的领域还不是很普遍,相信随着人们对交直流 叠加技术的不断深入了解,在不久的将来一定会得到普及应用 关键词:交直流叠加技术;电镀;Ni一Fe一W合金;振幅;频率;耐腐蚀性山东理工大学硕士学位报告ABSTRJ入CT ABST.RACT DirecteurrentPower,PeriodiereverseeurrentPower,PulsedeurrentPowerand AC/DCsuPerimPosedPowerwereusedinPlatingProduetionteehniealfieldintheeurrent. 5imPleelectroPlatingProduetioneanbemetwithDirecteurrentPower,butmany Problemsstillexist,suehaseoneentrationpolarizationPhenomenon;Periodie reverseeurrentmeansehangingeyelieallythedireetionofdireeteurrent.The eoneentrationPolarizationPhenomenoneanbeovereomewithPeriodicreverse eurrent,buttheeurrenteffieieney15lowerthanthenon一eommutationeurrent.s: AlthoughabetterPlatingeoatingcanbeobtainedwithPulseeurrent,butthe equiPment15veryexPensiveandtheone一timeinPuteost15high:WithAC/DC suPerimPosedPowernotonlyeoncentrationPolarizationPhenomenondisaPPers,but alsocurrentdensityrangeoftheeathodeexPands,suehPlatingPowerandPulsePower bothhavegoodProsPeets.Athomeandabroad,ithasnotbeenrePortedabout eleetroPlatingNi一Fe一WalloyswithAC/DCsuPerimPosedPower,butthisPower wasusedinthisartiele.AmorPhousalloy15betterthanthecrystallinealloyin followingasPects:eorrosionresistanee,hardness,ete.Therefore,howtoobtainthe amorPhousalloyeoatings15thefoeuseontentofthisartiele. TheoPtimumProeessParametersofAC/DCsuPerimPosedeleetroPlating Ni一Fe一WamorPhousalloywereobtainedbystudinginflueneesofsomefaetorson thehardnessandthedePositionrateofNi一Fe一Walloyeoating.Thefaetorswereas follow:theamPlitudeandfrequencyofAC/DCsuPerimPosedPower,eurrent density,testtime,eontentofsodiumeitrate,PHvalue,temPeratureofthe eleetroPlatingbath.TheoPtimumProeessParameterswere:NISO4#7HZO259/L, FeSO4#7HZO109/L,NaZWO4#ZHZO459/L,H3BO3309/L,Na3C6HSO7#ZHZO409/L, SDS0.19/L,l,4一butynediol0.29/L,PHofthebathwasfixed7一8andthe temPeratureofthebathwas60OC,Platingtimeonehour.ThecomPosition,surfaee morPhologyanderystalstruetureofNi一Fe一Walloyeoatingwereeharaeterizedby EDS,SEM,XRDandothermeans.Theresultsshowedthatwhentheeoneentration oftungstensodiumwas459/L,erystallineoftheeoatingPresentedamorPhous elearly.ThestructureofNi一Fe一WalloyeoatingwasbasedonNi一Fe一Wsolid solutionPhasewhiehwasformedbyniekelassolvent,ironandtungstenassolute. Theoriginallattieeofniekelwasnotdestroyedbytheeoatingoftungstenandiron intothelattiee,whiehwasstillFaee一Centeredeubiestructure,onlyPartofNi山东理工大学硕士学位报告ABSTRACT atomswererePlaeedbytungstenandiron. WitheleetroehemiealimPedaneesPeetroseoPyandTafelPolarizationeurves, theeorrosionresistaneeofAC/DCsuPerimPosedPlatingandwhiehofdirect eurrenteleetroPlatingwaseharaeterizedandanalyzedParedwithdireet eurrentPlating,theeaPaeitivelooPdiameterofAC/DCsuPerimPosedPlating signifieantlyinereased,whieheoineidedwithPositiveshiftofeorrosionPotential inTafelPolarizationeurvesandaPParentdeereaseofeorrosioneurrentdensity. Tt.5fullyProvedthateorrosionresistaneeofAC/DCsuPerimPosedPlatingwas bettereomParedwithwhichofdireeteurrentPlating. AsamorePromisingPlatingteehnology,AC/DCsuPerimPosedeleetroPlating teehnologywillbePaiedmoreandmoreattention.Thoughtheteehnology15not veryeommoninthisareanow,itwillbegeneralizablewiththeunderstandingof AC/DCsuPerimposedeleetroPlatingteehnologyinthenearfuture. Key!vords:AC/DCsuPerimPosed amPlitude:frequeney; teehnology:eleetroPlating;Ni一Fe一Walloy; eorrosionresistant 111山东理工人学硕_[学位报告目录 目录 摘要...............................................................................................................I ABSTRACT.................................................................................................H 目录..........................................................................................,.,.........IV 第一章绪论.....................................................................................,...1 1.1课题研究的背景...........................................#1 1.2电镀合金的历史和发展..................................................................1 1.3电镀合金的分类及用途...........................,......................,...2 1.4电镀合金镀液的类型...........................,....................................3 1.5电镀液的组成.................................................,#4 1.6非晶态合金镀层理论..................................,.............................5 1.6.1非晶态合金镀层的概述.........................................................5 1.6.2非晶态合金镀层的特性.........................................................6 1.6.3非晶态镀层结构的判定..................,................................7 1.6.4Ni一Fe一W合金电镀的国内外研究现状....................................7 1.7本文的研究目的及意义................................................................10 第二章合金共沉积的基本概念及理论.............................................,.11 2.1合金电沉积的基本条件.................................................................n 2.2促使金属共沉积的措施................................................................12 2.3金属共沉积的类型........................................................................12 2.4金属共沉积的影响因素................................................................13 2.4.1镀液成分的影响..................................................................13 2.4.2操作条件的影响..........................................................,.14 2.4.3电极材料性质的影响...........................................................16 2.4.4双电层结构的影响..............................................................17 2.4.5金属离子存在状态的影响...................................................17 2.5金属共沉积的过程........................................................................18 2.6Ni一Fe一W合金共沉积分析..............................................................18 第三章Ni一Fe一W合金镀层的制备及其工艺参数对镀层的影响................22 3.1实验仪器及试剂..............................................22 3.1.1实验仪器............................................................................#22 3.1.2实验试剂....................................................#22 3.2电沉积的工艺流程..........................................23山东理工大学硕士学位报告目录 3.2.1镀液配制..........................................................,..23 3.2.2基体处理...........................,.........................,..#23 3.2.3电沉积.................................................................................26 3.