I 基于 BIM 的通信施工企业多项目资源配置研究 摘要 随着信息化、大数据时代的来临，通信技术也得到了迅猛发展，同时，也给通信施 工企业带来了新的发展机遇。通信施工企业随着经营规模的不断扩大，项目数量也不断 增加，面临需要同时管理众多项目的问题。在资源有限的条件下，单项目管理的模式已 经无法满足企业的管理需求。在多个项目同时施工的情况下，资源如何配置是最需要注 重的核心问题，如何站在企业的角度，解决资源有限的情况下，人材机等资源的配置不 合理及浪费的问题显得意义重大。 另一方面，所有行业都在仰仗新的技术，发掘其尚未发现的潜能，建设工程也不例 外。近年来，国家大力倡导“建筑信息化”，BIM 作为建筑行业的一项新技术，在全球范 围内刮起了一场技术改革风，对 BIM 的实际应用也从对它最初的 3D 工具手段，带入到 了企业级项目管理的层面。 为解决通信施工企业面临的多项目资源配置问题，本文拟将 BIM 技术引入到 A 通信 施工企业，通过对该企业的多项目管理现状进行分析，提出面临的资源配置问题；通过 对 BIM 技术和多项目资源配置相关文献的分析，对 BIM 技术在通信工程多项目资源配置 中的适用性进行总结；在 BIM 实施的大环境下，运用层次分析法对 A 企业某项目群中各 项目进行优先级排序，结合传统的网络计划技术，对该项目群拟定资源配置计划，最后 运用 BIM 技术的模拟性、可视化等特性，对项目群的施工进度与资源配置情况进行跟踪 和分析，结合实际进度和项目优先级顺序，对该项目群进行资源调配，以实现项目群“最 短的工期，最低的成本，最高的收益”的总目标。 本文对 BIM 技术应用于通信施工企业多项目资源配置的研究，有利于企业在资源受 限地情况下更合理地进行资源调配，对企业进行成功的多项目管理具有一定的指导意义， 也为 BIM 应用于通信施工企业管理的其他方面提供了参考。 关键词：多项目管理；BIM；资源配置；层次分析法；时间-成本优化ABSTRACT II Research on Multi-project Resource Optimization Configuration of Communication Construction Enterprises Based on BIM ABSTRACT With the advent of information technology and the era of big data, communication technology has also developed rapidly. At the same time, it has also brought new development opportunities to communication construction enterprises. As the scale of operations continues to expand, the number of projects is increasing, and there are problems in managing many projects at the same time. Under the condition of limited resources, the traditional multi-project management model can no longer meet the multi-project management needs of enterprises. In the case of simultaneous construction of multiple projects, how to allocate resources is the core issue that needs to be paid most attention. How to stand on the perspective of enterprises and solve the problem of limited resources, the problem of unreasonable allocation of resources such as human resources and waste is significant. On the other hand, all industries are relying on new technologies to discover their undiscovered potential, and construction projects are no exception. In recent years, the state has vigorously advocated “Building information”. As a new technology in the construction industry, BIM has ignited a technological reform trend on a global scale. The practical application of BIM is also from its original 3D tools. Brought to the level of enterprise-level project management. In order to solve the problem of multi-project resource allocation faced by communication construction enterprises, this paper intends to introduce BIM technology into A communication construction enterprise, and analyze the current situation of multi-project management of the enterprise, and propose the resource allocation problem; through the literature related to BIM technology And the analysis of application value, summarize the applicability of BIM technology in communication engineering project management; in the context of BIM implementation, use AHP to prioritize each project in A project group, combined with traditional Network planning technology, optimize resource planning for the project group, and finally use the simulation and visualization features of BIM technology to track and analyze the construction progress and resource allocation of the project group, combined with the actual progress and project priority order. The project team is resourced to achieve the overall goal of the project “shortest duration, lowest cost, highest revenue”. In this paper, the research on the application of BIM technology to the multi-project resource allocation optimization of communication construction enterprises is beneficial to enterprises to allocate resources more rationally under the condition of limited resources,ABSTRACT III which has certain guiding significance for successful multi-project management of enterprises. BIM provides a reference for other aspects of communication construction enterprise management. KEY WORDS: Multi-project management；BIM；Resource allocation；Analytic hierarchy process；Time-cost optimization目录 I 目 录 摘要 ................................................................... I ABSTRACT ............................................................... II 1 绪论 .................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景 ............................................................ 1 1.1.1 通信施工企业多项目管理现状 ...................................... 1 1.1.2 BIM 的发展....................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ...................................................... 2 1.2.1 多项目资源配置国内外研究现状 .................................... 2 1.2.2 BIM 国内外研究现状............................................... 3 1.2.3 文献综述 ........................................................ 4 1.3 研究主要内容、研究方法和创新点 ...................................... 5 1.3.1 研究的主要内容 .................................................. 5 1.3.2 研究方法 ........................................................ 5 1.3.3 创新点 .......................................................... 5 2 基本理论 .............................................................. 7 2.1 多项目管理资源配置相关基本理论 ...................................... 7 2.1.1 多项目管理相关理论 .............................................. 7 2.1.2 常用多项目资源配置方法 .......................................... 8 2.2 BIM 相关基本理论..................................................... 9 2.2.1 BIM 的含义....................................................... 9 2.2.2 BIM 的特征...................................................... 10 2.2.3 BIM 技术在资源配置中的应用价值.................................. 10 3 通信施工企业多项目管理中的资源配置分析................................ 12 3.1 企业概况 ........................................................... 12 3.2 项目管理现状分析 ................................................... 12 3.3 项目群资源管理情况分析 ............................................. 13 3.3.1 资源需求分析 ................................................... 14 3.3.2 资源冲突情况分析 ............................................... 15 3.3.3 资源冲突成因分析 ............................................... 15 3.3.4 资源冲突产生的问题 ............................................. 16 4 基于 BIM 的通信施工企业多项目资源配置方案.............................. 18 4.1 BIM 技术对通信施工企业多项目资源配置的适用性分析.................... 18 4.2 项目优先级评价 ..................................................... 19 4.2.1 项目优先级评价方法 ............................................. 19 4.2.2 项目群中各项目优先级评价 ....................................... 20 4.3 创建基于 BIM 的多项目资源配置模型 ................................... 31目录 II 4.3.1 模型选用 ....................................................... 31 4.3.2 模型创建 ....................................................... 31 4.3.3 技术路径 ....................................................... 33 4.4 项目群资源配置分析 ................................................. 34 4.4.1 建立各项目 BIM 模型 ............................................. 35 4.4.2 资源计划优化 ................................................... 36 4.4.3 基于 BIM 的项目群施工进度及资源配置跟踪分析与控制 ............... 39 4.5 结果分析 .....................