- I - 摘要 进入 21 世纪后，中国社会经济的发展速度得到了更大程度的提高，人民生活 水平不断改善，政府提出的可持续发展观念逐渐深入人心。在环境保护的问题上， 政府倡导采取有利于环境保护的生产方式，建立人与环境良性互动的关系。随着 我国城市化进程不断推进，建筑产业已经成为现代中国产业支柱之一。但是传统 建筑业也存在着不少的问题需要去解决，如资源浪费问题、环保污染问题、安全 隐患、劳动强度高、施工机械化程度低等矛盾日趋显现。以装配式为特征的工业 化建筑实现了设计标准化、部件工厂化、施工机械化、管理科学化，是现代建筑 业的发展方向，也是建筑行业专家们积极寻求技术突破的主要方向之一。 在装配式结构中，以预制构件为主要构件，通过装配、连接以及部分现浇等 方式，生成的混凝土结构。其主要部品部件在预制件工厂生产，然后运到现场进 行组装。与传统建筑业相比，节约了时间，增加了效率，减少了劳动力成本，且 节能环保、节约资源，节省建设成本。 人们对装配式结构的关注，除了节能环保、降低成本、提高工作效率以外， 更多的还是结构质量和安全问题。相对于传统建筑业而言，目前装配式结构检测 技术研究不多。装配式能否被社会真正认可以及是否能够被广大的居民所接受， 结构的质量保证是关键因素，也是建筑业急需探究的一个方向。 本报告主要由两部分组成，第一部分是 50mm 小芯样实验技术研究及其实验 结果数据分析。通过对装配式结构实体构件进行取样，对实验数据进行数据分析， 由数据分析的结果来进一步验证 50mm 芯样试件对混凝土强度检测的适用性。论 文比较了工程中常用的几种检测方法，选择一种适用检测方法进行实体取样钻芯 法实验研究。本文研究了芯样试件的直径改变对强度的影响，确定了强度换算系 数，用于小芯样的实验结果与标准试件的强度比较。钻芯法是一种局部损伤现场 检测手段。本文研究了钻芯法检测结果的尺寸偏差和不确定性，论证了批量检测 置信区间和置信度。第二部分通过实验研究及相关软件模拟分析，得到装配式结 构的内力分布规律，为结构质量检测时制定小芯样钻取方案提供依据。通过对叠 合式剪力墙的研究，得出了叠合式剪力墙的受力性能和内力分布规律，根据内力 分布规律，确定了对实际工程进行检测时小芯样钻取数量与位置，得出有用的质 量检测结论。 图 [19] 表 [19] 参 [56] 关键词：小芯样；装配式；建筑产业化；有损检测；叠合式剪力墙；安徽建筑大学硕士学位报告 摘要 - II - 分类号：TU375；安徽建筑大学硕士学位报告 摘要 - III - Abstract After entering twenty-first Century， the speed of China's social and economic development has been improved to a greater degree， the living standard of the people has been continuously improved ， and the concept of sustainable development proposed by the government has gradually deepened into the hearts of the people. On the issue of environmental protection ， the government advocates environmental friendly production mode and establishes a benign interaction between human and environment. With the continuous progress of urbanization in China， the construction industry has become one of the pillar industries in modern China. However， there are many problems to be solved in the traditional construction industry， such as the waste of resources， environmental pollution problems and security risks， high labor intensity， low degree of construction mechanization and so on. The industrialized building characterized by assembly has realized the standardization of design， the industrialization of parts ， the mechanization of construction and the scientific management. It is the development direction of the modern construction industry，and it is also one of the main directions for the experts of the construction industry to seek the breakthrough of the technology. In the fabricated structure， the concrete structure is made up of prefabricated components as main components through assembly ， connection and partial cast-in-place. Its main components are manufactured in prefab factory， and then transported to the scene for assembly. Compared with the traditional construction industry，it saves time，increases efficiency，reduces labor costs，and saves energy and environment， saves resources and saves construction costs. People's attention to the fabricated structure ， besides energy saving ， environmental protection ， cost reduction and work efficiency ， is still more concerned with structural quality and safety. Compared with traditional construction industry， there are few researches on assembly structure detection technology at present. Whether the assembly can be recognized by the society， whether it can be accepted by the vast number of residents， the quality assurance of the structure is the key factor， and it is also a direction for the construction industry to be in urgent need to explore.安徽建筑大学硕士学位报告 摘要 - IV - This paper is mainly composed of two parts. The first part is about the experimental technology research and experimental data analysis of 50mm small core. Through the sampling of the assembly structure entity components， the experimental data are analyzed， and the results of data analysis are used to further verify the applicability of the 50mm core sample to the concrete strength detection. This paper compares several commonly used detection methods in engineering， and selects a suitable method for solid core drilling. In this paper， the influence of the diameter change of the core sample on the strength is studied， and the strength conversion coefficient is determined. The experimental result of the small core sample is compared with the strength of the standard specimen. Core drilling is a local damage detection method. This paper studies the size deviation and uncertainty of drilling core test results， and demonstrates the confidence interval and confidence level of batch testing. In the second part， through the experimental research and the related software simulation analysis， the internal force distribution law of the assembly structure is obtained， which provides the basis for the formulation of the small core sample drilling scheme for the structure quality detection. Through the study of the laminated shear wall ， the force performance and the internal force distribution law of the laminated shear wall are obtained. According to the law of internal force distribution， the number and position of the small core sample are determined， and the useful quality inspection conclusion is obtained. Figure [19] table [19] reference [56] KeyWords：Small core sample；Fabricated： Construction industrialization： Lossy detection Chinese books catalog:TU375安徽建筑大学硕士学位报告 目录 - V - 目 录 摘要.......I Abstract........III 目 录...... V 插图清单.. VIII 附表清单.....IX 第一章 绪论. 1 1.1 研究背景... 1 1.2 国内外装配式建筑技术发展现状........ 2 1.2.1 国外研究现状... 2 1.2.2 国内研究现状... 3 1.3 装配式结构质量检测技术研究.. 4 1.3.1 装配式结构质量检测的必要性. 4 1.3.2 无损检测技术.. 5 1.3.3 有损检测技术.. 6 1.4 钻芯法检测混凝土强度的应用研究. 7 1.5 本文的主要研究内容. 8 第二章 50mm 直径小芯样抗压强度试验研究.......10 2.1 概述 10 2.1.1 研究方法 10 2.1.2 试件要求........ 10 2.1.3 试件制作........ 10 2.1.4 试验设备........ 12 2.2 抗压试验研究.. 12 2.2.1 立方体试件抗压强度试验........ 12 2.2.2 圆柱体试件抗压强度试验....... 13 2.3 试验数据分析. 14安徽建筑大学硕士学位报告 目录 - VI - 2.3.1 50mm 直径小芯样抗压强度值正态分布拟合检验 [20] .14 2.3.2 对比试件抗压强度显著性真假检验 15 2.3.3 50mm 直径芯样与 150mm 立方体试块强度换算系数.....18 2.4 钻芯法检测结果的尺寸偏差和不确定性... 19 2.4.1 尺寸效应研究. 19 2.4.2 检验结果的不确定性...... 19 2.5 批量检测置信区间的讨论........ 21 2.5.1 置信区间和置信度........ 21 2.5.2 推定区间宽度的控制.... 22 2.5.3 50mm 直径小芯样推定强度区间的样本数量 [23]-[25] .23 2.6 本章小结....... 25 第三章 装配式剪力结构强度实验研究与模拟...... 26 3.1 概述 26 3.2 实验研究. 26 3.2.1 试件的设计与制作.. 26 3.2.2 测点的布置与数据采集... 28 3.2.3 试件的破坏形态及结果分析.... 31 3.3 有限元研究分析...... 35 3.3.1 有限元 ABAQUS 的概述.35 3.3.2 墙板破坏机理有限元计算结果分析 41 3.4 本章小结 43 第四章 小芯样抗压强度检测的工程应用..... 45 4.1 工程概述. 45 4.2 小芯样抗压强度检测....... 45 4.2.1 工程检测概述. 45 4.2.2 芯样的钻取原则..... 45 4.2.3 小芯样钻取及结果对比分析.... 46 4.3 本章结论. 48安徽建筑大学硕士学位报告 目录 - VII - 第五章 结论与展望..... 49 5.1 结论 49 5.2