本研究以上海市某三级综合医院为研究背景，通过定性分析文献资料
以及对医院内部行政科室和业务科室中、低层管理人员职业化现状的调查
研究，深入剖析管理人员职业化现状、存在问题以及实际需求，并有针对
性地为医院管理人员职业化建设提供建议，保证医院在医疗、教学、科研
等方面更加规范、有序、高效地运营，为提高我国医院职业化管理水平提
供科学依据和合理化建议，进一步推进我国公立医院的改革进程，加快我
国医院管理人员职业化的进程
通过调查研究，发现调查人员中女性、已婚居多，年龄随级别提高而
增加，整体学历层次高，卫管专业比例低、学历水平较高，整体管理梯队
有年轻化趋势，中级职称居多。其中中层管理者年限较长、多临床出身、
胜任力强但执行力不够，整体管理人员创新思维缺乏；管理人员对工作环
境满意度高、选择医院管理岗位的意愿度较高，而初级管理者对医院规划
认知度高。在管理人员职业化培训方面，重视程度不够、认识不到位、覆
盖面窄，在培训设置上内容枯燥、宏观、吸引力不够、与实际工作链接不
强；管理人员更倾向于在国外培训、3 个月左右、短期培训以及实地考察和
综合培训方法，培训的内容是医院管理知识、领导力和管理工具运用。基
于以上医院管理人员职业化的现状和培训需求，本研究从加强重视、提高
职业化认知度，严格准入制度、创造公平竞争录用，和完善职业化培训的
长效机制等三个方面出发，构建方案设计和发展策略，以进一步加强医院
管理人员职业化建设
关键词 医院管理；管理人员；职业化；发展策略-II-
Research on the Development Status and Strategy
of Administrators’ Professionalization in Z
Hospital in Shanghai
Abstract
With the development of the medical and health system reform step by step
and the trend of internationalization of medical market, the competition in
medical market have increased. Except for the medical technology, the
competition of hospitals in the medical industry is also of hospital management,
brand building, medical service and other aspects, which are in need of
professional hospital administrators to achieve.
In this study, under the background of a third class hospital in Shanghai, we
analyzed the literature qualitatively, and investigated the professionalization of
middle and lower level managers in the hospital internal administrative
departments and business departments. Based on all these research, we analyzed
in-depth the status, the existing problems and the actual demand of the
administrators in hospital, and provided suggestions for the construction of the
hospital administrators’ professionalization, to guarantee the hospital operated
in a standard, orderly and efficient mode in medical treatment, teaching and
scientific research. Therefore, we can provide scientific basis and reasonable
suggestions to improve the professionalization of the hospital administrators, to
further promote China's public hospital reform process, and speed up the process
of the hospital administrators’ professionalization in our country.
Through the investigation, the study found that the majority of investigators
are women and married. The ages of investigators increase with the manage level,
which own high level education. Those majored in health management have the
low ratio in all the investigators, but own the higher education level. Overall
management echelon is younger, the majority of which have the intermediate-III-
professional title. The middle-level managers work in a long period, mostly of
which has clinical background, strong competence but weak executive power.
Though lack of overall innovative thinking, hospital administrators satisfy with
the work environment, and has more willing to choose the hospital management
posts. Junior managers have higher awareness of hospital management
planning.As to the administrators’ professionalization training, the training of the
hospital has low attention and understanding, and narrow coverage. In the
training set, the contents are boring, macro, and not attractive enough to the
managers, which can’t link with the actual work. Administrators tend to training
oversea, 3 months or so and short-term training in on-the-spot investigation and
comprehensive training method, which trains hospital management theory,
leadership and the use of management tools.Based on the above the status and
training needs of the hospital administrators’ professionalization, this study
proposed the following suggestions: to enhance the professional consciousness,
to standardize the access mechanism of hospital administrators, and to establish
the systematic, scientific and long effect training mechanisms, as to further
strengthen the construction of hospital administrators’ professionalization.
Keywords hospital management, administrators, professionalization,
development Strategy目 录
摘要........... I
Abstract .... II
第 1 章 绪论.........1
1.1 研究背景及研究目的和意义.........1
1.1.1 研究背景 .........1
1.1.2 研究目的和意义 .........2
1.2 国内外研究现状 ....2
1.2.1 国外研究现状 .2
1.2.2 国内研究现状 .4
1.3 主要研究内容与研究方法.5
1.3.1 主要研究内容 .5
1.3.2 研究方法 .........6
1.3.3 技术路线 .........7
第 2 章 Z 医院管理人员及其职业化现状调查...8
2.1 Z 医院概况..8
2.2 Z 医院管理人员现状调查 ..8
2.2.1 Z 医院管理人员队伍调查量表设计与问卷调查 ........8
2.2.2 管理人员队伍结构......9
2.2.3 管理人员教育状况....10
2.2.4 管理人员工作年限情况........13
2.2.5 管理人员职称及岗位情况 ....14
2.3 管理人员职业化现状及认知情况 ...........18
2.3.1 个人职业化现状 .......18
2.3.2 对医院管理职业化认知........21
2.3.3 个人职业化生涯发展认知 ....25
2.4 医院管理人员职业化培训情况 ...28
2.4.1 职业化培训现状 .......28
2.4.2 职业化培训需求 .......31
2.5 本章小结 ..34
第 3 章 Z 医院管理人员职业化现状分析.........353.1 管理人员构成情况分析...35
3.1.1 队伍构成分析 ...........35
3.1.2 教育状况分析 ...........35
3.1.3 工作年限情况分析....36
3.1.4 职称及岗位情况分析36
3.2 管理人员职业化现状及认知情况分析 ...37
3.2.1 个人职业化现状分析37
3.2.2 医院管理职业化认知分析 ....37
3.2.3 个人职业化生涯发展认知分析 ........38
3.3 医院管理人员职业化培训情况分析 .......39
3.3.1 职业化培训现状分析39
3.3.2 职业化培训需求分析40
3.4 本章小结 ..41
第 4 章 Z 医院管理人员职业化发展策略研究.42
4.1 职业化发展方案优化 ......42
4.2 职业化发展相关策略 ......42
4.2.1 职业认知策略 ...........42
4.2.2 职业准入策略 ...........43
4.2.3 职业培训策略 ...........44
4.3 本章小结 ..47
结论.........48
附录.........49
参考文献.53
致谢.........56
个人简介.57-1-
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