论文通过系统回顾和梳理国内外相关研究，基于资源基础理论、团队动力理论和高
阶理论，就创业团队异质性、团队反思对团队效能的影响进行了深入分析，还考虑了团
队合作型冲突处理方式在创业团队反思与团队效能间的调节作用，并初步构建了理论模
型；其次，运用问卷调查法，以科技型新创企业的创业团队为调研对象，利用验证性因
子分析、相关分析、回归分析以及结构方程模型等统计分析方法验证了研究假设；最后，
根据实证研究结果，借鉴国内外先进经验，提出了对科技型新创企业创业团队运作的管
理启示。
论文的主要研究内容和结论如下：
第一，在系统梳理国内外相关文献的基础上，并结合科技型新创企业的特征，界定
了创业团队效能、团队异质性、团队反思等关键变量的内涵及其维度，认为创业团队效
能包括创业绩效和团队承诺两个维度，创业团队异质性包含年龄、职能背景、创业经验
和工作时间等人口统计学外部特质的异质性以及认知、价值观等内部特质的异质性，团
队反思主要集中于分析团队任务反思的作用。
第二，从理论层面分析了创业团队异质性、团队反思对团队效能的影响作用，并从
资源基础理论、团队动力理论和高阶理论的视角，构建了理论研究模型，提出了相关研
究假设。
第三，运用问卷分析，借助 SPSS19.0 与 AMOS7.0 等软件对科技型新创企业创业团
队进行实证研究。验证性因子分析进一步检验了相关变量的维度。相关分析结果表明，
创业团队异质性与团队效能间存在显著相关性（除了年龄异质性与团队承诺相关关系不
显著）；回归分析结果验证了团队任务反思在外部异质性与团队效能间的中介作用以及
合作型冲突处理方式在任务反思与团队效能间的的正向调节作用；通过结构方程模型，
分析了团队任务反思在内部异质性与团队效能间的中介作用。
第四，根据实证研究结果，对科技型新创企业创业团队组建以及运作过程中面对的
管理挑战等创业实践问题提出了管理启示，并指出了本文的研究贡献、不足及未来的研
究方向。
关键词：创业团队效能；团队异质性；团队反思
Abstract
Technology start-ups play an important role in promoting technological innovation and
economic development. With the team form of entrepreneurship has become more common,
entrepreneurial team has gradually become the main force of new ventures to cope with
external environment challenge. Many technology start-ups have begun to focus on the
management of entrepreneurial team, pay more attention to its effectiveness. Technology
start-ups often face many challenges from the business, market and technical uncertainty,
which requires entrepreneurial team members can use the heterogeneous resources, flexible
and efficiently deal with the uncertainty and dynamic. However, there are two diametrically
opposing views about whether entrepreneurial team heterogeneous may improve team
effectiveness. One view is that entrepreneurial team heterogeneity may miss bring inner
conflict and effective information, reduce the team effectiveness; another view is that The
complementary of entrepreneurial team members in knowledge, experience and skills, make
the resources on team information, capital and social network more abundant, and then
enhance the team ability to finish the complicated task. For go a step further analysis of this
process, the paper introduces the concept of team reflexivity, as a mediator variable, and to
investigate its effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and team
effectiveness. Therefore, research on the influence mechanism of entrepreneurial team
effectiveness, especially from the perspective of input-process-output the whole team process,
to investigate the effect path of entrepreneurial team heterogeneity→team reflexivity→team
effectiveness, it is of great significance both for theoretical research on entrepreneurial team,
or management practice of entrepreneurial team operation.
Through systematically reviewing and combing related research at home and abroad
Based on the perspective of resource based theory, group dynamics and upper echelons theory,
the paper depth analyzed the impact of entrepreneurial team heterogeneity, team reflexivity
on team effectiveness, and considered team cooperative conflict management style as a
moderator among entrepreneurial team reflexivity and team effectiveness, and constructed a
theory model; secondly, using the method of questionnaire investigation, taking
entrepreneurial teams in technology start-ups as the research object, used confirmatory factor
analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and structural equation modeling to verify
the hypotheses; finally, the paper referred to the domestic and foreign advanced experience,
put forward management implications for entrepreneurial team operation in technology
start-ups.
The main research contents and results are as follows:
First, based on the systematic summary of related literature at home and abroad, and
IV
combined with the characteristic of technology start-ups, defined the connotation and
dimensions of entrepreneurial team effectiveness, team heterogeneity, team reflexivity and
other key variables, the paper considered that entrepreneurial team effectiveness including
entrepreneurial performance and team commitment, entrepreneurial team heterogeneity
included demographic external characteristics heterogeneity in age,function background,
entrepreneurial experience and working time, and internal characteristics heterogeneity in
cognition and values, team reflexivity focused on analyzing the role of team task reflexivity.
Second, from the theoretical level analyzed the effect of entrepreneurial team
heterogeneity, team reflexivity for team effectiveness, and from the perspective of resource
based theory, group dynamics and upper echelons theory, constructed the theoretical research
model, and put forward the research hypothesis.
Third, through questionnaire analysis, using SPSS19.0 and AMOS7.0 software for
empirical research on entrepreneurial team in technology start-ups. Confirmatory factor
analysis tested the correlation dimension. Correlation analysis showed that there was a
significant correlation between entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and team effectiveness
(except for age heterogeneity and team commitment was not significantly related); regression
analysis results verified team task reflexivity played the mediator role among team external
heterogeneity and team effectiveness, and team cooperative conflict management style plays a
positive moderator role among team task reflexivity and team effectiveness; by using the
structural equation model, analyzed team task reflexivity paly a mediator role among team
internal heterogeneity and team effectiveness.
Fourth, the paper proposed management implications for the entrepreneurial practice of
entrepreneurial team construction and management challenges in technology start-ups, and
pointed out the direction of research contributions, the shortcomings and future research.
Keywords: entrepreneurial team effectiveness; team heterogeneity; team reflexivity
第一章 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
科技型新创企业以
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